烟草赤星病菌对嘧菌酯及其添加水杨肟酸后的敏感性检测
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摘要
为了解烟草赤星病菌对嘧菌酯的敏感性现状,采用菌丝生长速率法,检测了采自山东和湖北烟区的33株烟草赤星病菌对嘧菌酯的敏感性,分析了水杨肟酸协同下烟草赤星病菌对嘧菌酯敏感性的影响。结果表明:嘧菌酯对所有供试烟草赤星病菌的EC_(50)介于60.5230~111.7918 mg·L~(-1),平均为83.9068±2.4339 mg·L~(-1);嘧菌酯对采自山东烟区和湖北烟区的赤星病菌的平均EC_(50)分别为82.7986±2.5515 mg·L-~1和88.0230±6.6785 mg·L-~1。在水杨肟酸协同作用下,嘧菌酯对所有供试烟草赤星病菌毒力的EC_(50)介于19.9090~35.6684 mg·L~(-1),平均为29.2007±0.7801 mg·L~(-1),比嘧菌酯单独作用毒力提高了0.70~2.98倍,平均提高了1.87倍;添加水杨肟酸的嘧菌酯对采自山东和湖北烟区的赤星病菌毒力的平均EC_(50)分别为28.5494±0.8914 mg·L~(-1)和31.6197±1.3290mg·L~(-1),与嘧菌酯单独作用相比,毒力分别提高了1.90和1.78倍。研究表明,嘧菌酯对烟草赤星病菌的菌丝生长具有一定的抑制作用,添加水杨肟酸能够显著提高嘧菌酯对烟草赤星病菌的毒力,但不同菌株之间的提高倍数有差异。
In order to investigate the sensitivity level of A. alternata to azoxystrobin, EC_(50) values of 33 isolates of A. alternata, collected from Shandong province and Hubei province, to azoxystrobin were determined using mycelium growth rate method. The sensitivity of 33 isolates to azoxystrobin with added salicylhydroxamic acid(SHAM) was also analyzed. Results showed that the EC_(50) values of 33 isolates to azoxystrobin varied from 60.5230 to 111.7918 mg·L~(-1), with an average of 83.9068±2.4339 mg·L~(-1). The mean EC_(50) value was 82.7986±2.5515 mg·L~(-1) for A. alternata collected from Shandong and 88.0230±6.6785 mg·L~(-1) for A. alternate collected from Hubei, respectively. However, the EC_(50) values of 33 isolates to azoxystrobin with added SHAM varied from 19.9090 to 35.6684 mg·L~(-1), with an average of 29.2007±0.7801 mg·L~(-1). The toxicities under SHAM were enhanced by 0.70-2.98 times(with an average of 1.87 times) compared to that under azoxystrobin alone. The mean EC50 value of A. alternata to azoxystrobin with added SHAM was 28.5494±0.8914 mg·L~(-1) for Shandong and 31.6197±1.3290 mg·L~(-1) for Hubei, respectively. The toxicities were increased 1.90 and 1.78 times, respectively. Results also showed that azoxystrobin could inhibit mycelial growth of A. alternate. The toxicity of azoxystrobin to A. alternata could be significantly enchenced by adding SHAM, while the increase level of toxicity varied depending on different bacterial strains.
In order to investigate the sensitivity level of A. alternata to azoxystrobin, EC_(50) values of 33 isolates of A. alternata, collected from Shandong province and Hubei province, to azoxystrobin were determined using mycelium growth rate method. The sensitivity of 33 isolates to azoxystrobin with added salicylhydroxamic acid(SHAM) was also analyzed. Results showed that the EC_(50) values of 33 isolates to azoxystrobin varied from 60.5230 to 111.7918 mg·L~(-1), with an average of 83.9068±2.4339 mg·L~(-1). The mean EC_(50) value was 82.7986±2.5515 mg·L~(-1) for A. alternata collected from Shandong and 88.0230±6.6785 mg·L~(-1) for A. alternate collected from Hubei, respectively. However, the EC_(50) values of 33 isolates to azoxystrobin with added SHAM varied from 19.9090 to 35.6684 mg·L~(-1), with an average of 29.2007±0.7801 mg·L~(-1). The toxicities under SHAM were enhanced by 0.70-2.98 times(with an average of 1.87 times) compared to that under azoxystrobin alone. The mean EC50 value of A. alternata to azoxystrobin with added SHAM was 28.5494±0.8914 mg·L~(-1) for Shandong and 31.6197±1.3290 mg·L~(-1) for Hubei, respectively. The toxicities were increased 1.90 and 1.78 times, respectively. Results also showed that azoxystrobin could inhibit mycelial growth of A. alternate. The toxicity of azoxystrobin to A. alternata could be significantly enchenced by adding SHAM, while the increase level of toxicity varied depending on different bacterial strains.
引文
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[2]刘学敏,常稳,李大壮.烟草赤星病研究现状及存在问题[J].东北农业大学学报,2000,31(1):80-85.LIU Xuemin,CHANG Wen,LI Dazhuang.Researching advance of tobacco brown spot caused by Alternaria alternata[J].Journal of Northeast Agricultural University,2000,31(1):80-85.
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[4]刘丹,黎定军,陈武,等.8种杀菌剂对烟草赤星病菌的室内毒力测定[J].湖南农业科学,2010,(9):72-74.LIU Dan,LI Dingjun,CHEN Wu,et al.Indoor toxicity test of eight fungicides on Alternaria alternata[J].Hunan Agricultural Sciences,2010,(9):72-74.
[5]孟建玉,曹毅,陆宁,等.贵州省烟草赤星病菌对菌核净的抗药性[J].植物保护学报,2013,40(5):479-480.MENG Jianyu,CAO Yi,LU Ning,et al.Resistance of Alternaria alternata to dimethachlon in Guizhou province[J].Acta Phytophylacica Sinica,2013,40(5):479-480.
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[7]雷飞斌.烟草赤星病菌的抗药性及替代药剂的研究[D].江苏:浙江农林大学,2016.LEI Feibin.Studies on the resistance and alternative fungicides of tobacco brown spot(Alternaria alternata)[D].Jiangsu:Zhejiang A&F University,2016.
[8]骆焱平,李元祥,赵培亮,等.甲氧丙烯酸酯类杀菌剂的研究进展[J].中国科技论文在线,2006,1(1):20-26.LUO Yanping,LI Yuanxiang,ZHAO Peiliang,et al.Research progress on the fungicidal strobilurin derivatives[J].Sciencepaper Online,2006,1(1):20-26.
[9]GISI U,CHIN K M,KNAPOVA G,et al.Recent developments in elucidating modes of resistance to phenylamide,DMI and strobilurin fungicides[J].Crop Protection,2000,19(8):863-872.
[10]JOSEPH-HORNE T,HOLLOMON D W.Functional diversity within the mitochondrial electron transport chain of plant pathogenic fungi[J].Pest Management Science,2000,56(1):24-30.
[11]汪汉成,周浩,张之矾,等.烟草灰霉病菌嘧菌酯抗药性突变菌株的诱导及其生物学习性分析[J/OL].中国烟草学报:1-12[2018-03-16].https://doi.org/10.16472/j.chinatobacco.2017.328.WANG Hancheng,ZHOU Hao,ZHANG Zhifan,et al.Induction and biological characters of laboratory mutants of Botrytis cinerea resistant to azoxystrobin[J/OL].Acta Tabacaria Sinica:1-12[2018-03-16].https://doi.org/10.16472/j.chinatobacco.2017.328.
[12]贾丽,何玲,王李斌,等.嘧菌酯在我国登记情况以及抗性研究现状[J].农药科学与管理,2014,35(10):19-22,38.JIA Li,HE Ling,WANG Libin,et al.Status of registration and resistance of azoxystrobin in China[J].Pesticide Science and Administration,2014,35(10):19-22,38.
[13]张晓.黄瓜霜霉病菌和番茄早疫病菌对嘧菌酯的抗药性研究[D].南京:南京农业大学,2008.ZHANG Xiao.Resistance research of Pseudoperonospora cubensis and Alternria solani to azoxystrobin[D].Nanjng:Nanjing Agricultural University,2008.
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[15]皇甫运红,戴德江,时浩杰,等.浙江省果蔬灰霉病菌对嘧菌酯的抗药性研究[J].农药学学报,2013,15(5):504-510.HUANGFU Yunhong,DAI Dejiang,SHI Haojie,et al.Study on resistance of Botrytis cinerea to azoxystrobin collected from fruits and vegetables in Zhejiang province[J].Chinese Journal of Pesticide Science,2013,15(5):504-510.
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[17]金丽华,陈长军,王建新,等.旁路氧化作用对嘧菌酯抑制辣椒炭疽菌孢子萌发和菌丝生长的影响[J].植物病理学报,2007,37(3):289-295.JIN Lihua,CHEN Changjun,WANG Jianxin,et al.Impact of alternative respiration on response of conidial germination and mycelial growth of Colletotrichum capsici to azoxystrobin[J].Acta Phytopathologica Sinica,2007,37(3):289-295.
[18]杨维,朱洁,戴贤君.旁路氧化抑制剂对2种Strobilurin类杀菌剂的增效作用[J].农药,2014,53(6):439-441.YANG Wei,ZHU Jie,DAI Xianjun.Synergistic effect of bypass oxidase inhibitor on two kinds of strobilurins[J].Agrochemicals,2014,53(6):439-441.
[19]冯希杰,马慧霞,陈长军,等.嘧菌酯对油菜菌核病菌的抗菌活性及抗菌机制研究[J].农药学学报,2009,11(2):186-190.FENG Xijie,MA Huixia,CHEN Changjun,et al.Study on fungicidal activity and mechanism of azoxystrobin against Sclerotinia sclerotiorum[J].Chinese Journal of Pesticide Science,2009,11(2):186-190.
[20]金丽华,陈长军,王建新,等.嘧菌酯及SHAM对4种植物病原真菌的活性和作用方式研究[J].中国农业科学,2007,40(10):2206-2213.JIN Lihua,CHEN Changjun,WANG Jianxin,et a1.Activity of azoxystrobin and SHAM of four plant pathogens[J].Scientia Agricultura Sinica,2007,40(10):2206-2213.
[21]HINCAPIE M,WANG N Y,PERES N A,et al.Baseline sensitivity of Guignardia citricarpa isolates from Florida to azoxystrobin and pyraclostrobin[J].Plant Disease,2014,98(6):780-789.
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