烟草品种不同生育期抗旱性评价方法探讨
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摘要
为了探究烟草品种不同生育期适宜的抗旱性评价方法,以7个烟草品种为供试材料,采用盆栽试验,分别在苗期4叶1心、还苗期、伸根期和旺长中期等4个时期设置干旱胁迫处理,进行烟草品种不同时期抗旱评价方法筛选及抗旱评价关键时期研究。结果表明,抗旱性度量值(drought resistance comprehensive evaluation values,D)和加权抗旱系数(weight drought resistance coefficient,WDC)均适用于评价烟草品种不同时期抗旱性强弱。烟草不同生育期,烟叶叶绿素a、b、类胡萝卜素和丙二醛(MDA)含量可作为其还苗期抗旱评价指标,计算烟叶D值可鉴定还苗期烟草品种抗旱性强弱。烟草伸根期为抗旱评价关键时期,以叶绿素a、b和类胡萝卜素含量为伸根期抗旱评价指标,计算烟叶其D值或WDC值鉴定伸根期烟草品种抗旱性,并可预测旺长中期烟草品种抗旱性强弱。
In order to explore a suitable evaluation method for drought tolerance of tobacco varieties at different developmental stages, seven tobacco varieties were used as research materials in the present investigation. Pot experiments were conducted to set up drought stress treatments in 4 leaves and 1 heart leaf at seedling stage, seedling restitution stage, root spreading stage and fast growing medium stage. The results showed that,the drought resistance comprehensive evaluation values(D) and the weighted drought resistance coefficient(WDC) were both suitable for evaluating the drought tolerance of tobacco varieties at different developmental stages. At different developmental stages of tobacco varieties, the contents of chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b, carotenoid and malondialdehyde(MDA) were used as drought tolerance evaluation indexes at seedling restitution stage. D value could identify the strength and weakness of the drought tolerance of tobacco varieties at seedling restitution stage. The root spreading stage was the key stage for drought tolerance identification, in which the drought tolerance of tobacco varieties was evaluated by calculating D value or WDC value with the contents of chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b as well as carotenoid as root extension evaluation indexes, and the strength of the mid-fast growing stage also might be predicted.
In order to explore a suitable evaluation method for drought tolerance of tobacco varieties at different developmental stages, seven tobacco varieties were used as research materials in the present investigation. Pot experiments were conducted to set up drought stress treatments in 4 leaves and 1 heart leaf at seedling stage, seedling restitution stage, root spreading stage and fast growing medium stage. The results showed that,the drought resistance comprehensive evaluation values(D) and the weighted drought resistance coefficient(WDC) were both suitable for evaluating the drought tolerance of tobacco varieties at different developmental stages. At different developmental stages of tobacco varieties, the contents of chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b, carotenoid and malondialdehyde(MDA) were used as drought tolerance evaluation indexes at seedling restitution stage. D value could identify the strength and weakness of the drought tolerance of tobacco varieties at seedling restitution stage. The root spreading stage was the key stage for drought tolerance identification, in which the drought tolerance of tobacco varieties was evaluated by calculating D value or WDC value with the contents of chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b as well as carotenoid as root extension evaluation indexes, and the strength of the mid-fast growing stage also might be predicted.
引文
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[42] 王仁刚,林世锋,张吉顺,等.主成分分析鉴定烟草品种抗旱性的生理指标筛选[J].湖南农业科学,2015(11):7-9.
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[3] 李凤.贵州省发展烤烟产业的比较优势分析[J].贵州农业科学,2012,40(8):231-233.
[4] 姚玉璧,张强,王劲松,等.中国西南干旱对气候变暖的响应特征[J].生态环境学报,2014(9):1409-1417.
[5] 王飞.贵州干旱特征及预警模型研究[D].郑州:华北水利水电大学,2016.
[6] 慎东方,商崇菊,方小宇,等.贵州省干旱历时和干旱烈度的时空特征分析[J].干旱区资源与环境,2016,30(7):138-143.
[7] 陈尧,袁有波,丁福章.贵州植烟土壤水分特性分析[J].贵州农业科学,2010,38(5):42-45.
[8] 李军,周家升.对贵州省烤烟灌溉制度的研究[J].灌溉排水学报,2007(s1):71-72.
[9] 郝再彬.植物生理实验[M].哈尔滨:哈尔滨工业大学出版社,2006.
[10] 白志英,李存东,孙红春,等.干旱胁迫对小麦叶片叶绿素和类胡萝卜素含量的影响及染色体调控[J].华北农学报,2009,24(1):1-6.
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[12] 吴奇,周宇飞,高悦,等.不同高粱品种萌发期抗旱性筛选与鉴定[J].作物学报,2016,42(8):1233-1246.
[13] 祁旭升,王兴荣,许军,等.胡麻品种资源成株期抗旱性评价[J].中国农业科学,2010,43(15):3076-3087.
[14] 罗俊杰,欧巧明,叶春雷,等.重要胡麻栽培品种的抗旱性综合评价及指标筛选[J].作物学报,2014,40(7):1259-1273.
[15] 盛业龙,王莎莎,许美玲,等.应用隶属函数法综合评价不同烤烟品种苗期抗旱性[J].南方农业学报,2014,45(10):1751-1758.
[16] 汪志威,刘仁祥,石妙妙,等.基于称重法的烟草伸根期抗旱性鉴定[J].西南农业学报,2016,29(4):959-965.
[17] 王俊,赵宇,张建会,等.不同基因型烤烟大田前期抗旱指标分析[J].浙江农业科学,2017,58(1):27-30.
[18] 张慧,何玉杰,陈铁山,等.长期水分胁迫对不同基因型烟草生长旺盛期生理特性的影响[J].西北农业学报,2009,18(2):144-148.
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[20] 汪志威.烟草抗旱性状配合力研究及抗性材料的筛选[D].贵阳:贵州大学,2016.
[21] 张宪政.作物生理研究法[M].北京:农业出版社,1992.
[22] 李合生.植物生理生化实验原理和技术[M].北京:高等教育出版社,2000.
[23] 尹利,逯晓萍,傅晓峰,等.高丹草杂交种灰色关联分析与评判[J].中国草地学报,2006,28(3):21-25.
[24] 孟庆立,关周博,冯佰利,等.谷子抗旱相关性状的主成分与模糊聚类分析[J].中国农业科学,2009,42(8):2667-2675.
[25] 谢小玉,张霞,张兵.油菜苗期抗旱性评价及抗旱相关指标变化分析[J].中国农业科学,2013,46(3):476-485.
[26] 李国龙,吴海霞,温丽,等.作物抗旱生理与分子作用机制研究进展[J].中国农学通报,2010,26(23):185-191.
[27] 钮福祥,华希新,郭小丁,等.甘薯品种抗旱性生理指标及其综合评价初探[J].作物学报,1996,22(4):392-398.
[28] 徐蕊,王启柏,张春庆,等.玉米自交系抗旱性评价指标体系的建立[J].中国农业科学,2009,42(1):72-84.
[29] 朱宗河,郑文寅,张学昆,等.甘蓝型油菜耐旱相关性状的主成分分析及综合评价[J].中国农业科学,2011,44(9):1775-1787.
[30] 李国瑞,马宏亮,胡雯媚,等.西南麦区小麦品种萌发期抗旱性的综合鉴定及评价[J].麦类作物学报,2015,35(4):479-487.
[31] 路之娟,张永清,张楚,等.不同基因型苦荞苗期抗旱性综合评价及指标筛选[J].中国农业科学,2017,50(17):3311-3322.
[32] 黎冬华,刘文萍,张艳欣,等.芝麻耐旱性的鉴定方法及关联分析[J].作物学报,2013,39(8):1425-1433.
[33] 吴迪,汪志威,刘仁祥,等.烟草苗期抗旱性鉴定指标筛选与评价[J].西南农业学报,2017,30(6):1309-1314.
[34] 盛业龙,马文广,段胜智,等.20个烟草品种抗旱性的比较筛选与综合评价[J].安徽农业科学,2013,41(11):4766-4769.
[35] 马文广,崔华威,李永平,等.20个烟草品种干旱胁迫下发芽和苗期生理特性及耐旱性评价[J].种子,2012,31(2):25-30.
[36] 赵洪春,焦芳蝉,王莎莎,等.六个烤烟品种苗期抗旱性与抗寒性的比较鉴定与综合评价[J].分子植物育种,2018(3):1011-1019.
[37] 汪灿,周棱波,张国兵,等.薏苡品种资源苗期抗旱性鉴定及抗旱指标筛选[J].中国农业科学,2017,50(15):2872-2887.
[38] 汪灿,周棱波,张国兵,等.薏苡品种资源成株期抗旱性鉴定及抗旱指标筛选[J].作物学报,2017,43(9):1381-1394.
[39] 杨志晓,丁燕芳,张小全,等.赤星病胁迫对不同抗性烟草品种光合作用和叶绿素荧光特性的影响[J].中国烟草学报,2015,35(2):4146-4154.
[40] 童文杰,邓小鹏,谢贺,等.烤烟伸根期生理特性对干旱胁迫的响应及其抗旱性评价[J].中国农业科技导报,2018,20(6):28-40.
[41] Shtereva L,Stoimenova E,Drumeva-Yoncheva M,et al. Response of Virginia (flue-cured)tobacco genotypes to water-deficit stress[J].Archives of Biological Sciences,2017(69):85-85.
[42] 王仁刚,林世锋,张吉顺,等.主成分分析鉴定烟草品种抗旱性的生理指标筛选[J].湖南农业科学,2015(11):7-9.