多层压机热压过程液压伺服控制原理及系统设计
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摘要
针对多层热压机压制板坯过程中液压缸出现的运动速度不同步、热压板闭合位置存在偏差等问题,指明了其成因主要在于压机的液压系统缺乏对液压缸输入流量的控制能力。结合人造板热压工艺在不同阶段对压机液压缸运动状态的要求,提出了以液压伺服控制为基础对多层压机液压系统进行性能改进的思路,设计了以三通伺服阀控制非对称液压缸为执行机构、热压板位移为目标参数的多层压机阀控缸闭环液压控制系统,阐述了该系统以热压板位移作为反馈量、由伺服阀控制液压缸运动状态进而对热压板运动位置予以控制的原理,有效提高了多层压机热压板的闭合位置精度。进一步结合三通伺服阀控制非对称液压缸的结构,分析了该执行机构达成多层压机油缸位移控制的过程与原理,并结合多层压机对液压系统总体功能的要求,设计了多层压机热压过程液压伺服系统的回路结构,对该回路的组成及功能进行了说明。该回路可同时满足多层压机快速闭合阶段的油缸运动速度要求和板坯热压阶段的热压板位置精度要求,提高了多层压机的整体性能。
In the working process of the multilayer press,there can be some problems such as the unsynchronized motion of the hydraulic cylinders and position deviation between different hot press plates at the closed position. The main reason is that the hydraulic system of the multilayer press can't control the input flow of the hydraulic cylinder. According to the requirements on hydraulic cylinder motion at different stages of wood-based panel pressing process,improving the performance of the multilayer press hydraulic system based on the hydraulic servo control is proposed,and the closed loop hydraulic servo control system on the main cylinder of multilayer press is designed in this study. The actuator in the system is based on non-symmetrical hydraulic cylinder with three-way valve,and the target parameter is the displacement of the hot platen. This system takes the displacement of the platens as feedback signal,and controls the movement state of the hydraulic cylinders. Furthermore,combined with the structure of the non-symmetrical hydraulic cylinder with three-way valve,the working process and the operating principle of the displacement control system is analyzed. According to the main function requirements on the hydraulic system of the multilayer press,the circuit structure of the hydraulic servo system used in the hot pressing process is designed,and the composition and function of this system is introduced. This circuit meets the demand for both the quick movement of the hydraulic cylinders and the position accuracy of the hydraulic cylinder in the hot pressing stage. The overall performance of the multilayer press hydraulic system is effectively improved.
In the working process of the multilayer press,there can be some problems such as the unsynchronized motion of the hydraulic cylinders and position deviation between different hot press plates at the closed position. The main reason is that the hydraulic system of the multilayer press can't control the input flow of the hydraulic cylinder. According to the requirements on hydraulic cylinder motion at different stages of wood-based panel pressing process,improving the performance of the multilayer press hydraulic system based on the hydraulic servo control is proposed,and the closed loop hydraulic servo control system on the main cylinder of multilayer press is designed in this study. The actuator in the system is based on non-symmetrical hydraulic cylinder with three-way valve,and the target parameter is the displacement of the hot platen. This system takes the displacement of the platens as feedback signal,and controls the movement state of the hydraulic cylinders. Furthermore,combined with the structure of the non-symmetrical hydraulic cylinder with three-way valve,the working process and the operating principle of the displacement control system is analyzed. According to the main function requirements on the hydraulic system of the multilayer press,the circuit structure of the hydraulic servo system used in the hot pressing process is designed,and the composition and function of this system is introduced. This circuit meets the demand for both the quick movement of the hydraulic cylinders and the position accuracy of the hydraulic cylinder in the hot pressing stage. The overall performance of the multilayer press hydraulic system is effectively improved.
引文
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[14]胡永涛,曹跃进.柱塞缸电液伺服系统性能分析与控制策略研究[J].机床与液压,2012,40(11):47-49,53.HU Y T,CAO Y J.Performance analysis and control strategy study for piston cylinder electro-hydraulic servo system[J].Machine Tool&Hydraulics,2012,40(11):47-49,53.
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[16]朱瑞华.中纤板多层压机液压系统配置方案比较[J].林产工业,2004,31(2):26-31.ZHU R H.Comparison of the designs for hydraulic unit of MDF multiple-opening[J].China Wood Industry,2004,31(2):26-31.
[2]张晓文,赵改宾,杨仁全,等.农作物秸秆在循环经济中的综合利用[J].农业工程学报,2006(S1):107-109.ZHANG X W,ZHAO G B,YANG R Q,et al.Comprehensive utilization of agricultural straws in recycle economy[J].Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering,2006(S1):107-109.
[3]侯伦灯.我国人造板材料的研究与发展趋势[J].林业科技开发,2002,16(5):6-8.HOU L D.Current situation and development of wood based panel material in China[J].China Forestry Scinence and Technology,2002,16(5):6-8.
[4]倪敬,项占琴,潘晓弘,等.多缸同步提升电液系统建模和控制[J].机械工程学报,2006,42(11):81-87.NI J,XIANG Z Q,PAN X H,et al.Motion synchronization modeling and control for multi-cylinder electro-hydraulic elevating system[J].Journal of Mechanical Engineering,2006,42(11):81-87.
[5]田艳青,徐凯宏,刘喜玲.中密度纤维板热压过程的工艺仿真建模[J].东北林业大学学报,2010,38(12):121-123.TIAN Y Q,XU K H,LIU X L.Simulation modeling for hot pressing process of medium density fiberboard[J].Journal of Northeast Forestry University,2010,38(12):121-123.
[6]保昆雁.中密度纤维板热压工艺的研究[D].哈尔滨:东北林业大学,2006.BAO K Y.Research of hot-pressing technology for medium density firberboard(MDF)[D].Harbin:Northeast Forestry University,2006.
[7]李绍昆,姜仁龙.中密度纤维板多层热压机的热压过程分析[J].中国人造板,2008,13(6):20-23.
[8]于海英,花军.热压过程多传感器数据融合方法[J].东北林业大学学报,2013,41(6):168-171.YU H Y,HUA J.Multisensor data fusion methods in hot-pressing process[J].Journal of Northeast Forestry University,2013,41(6):168-171.
[9]宋云艳.双液压缸同步精确控制技术研究[J].制造业自动化,2014,36(14):19-22.SONG Y Y.Research on synchronous control technology of dual hydraulic cylinders[J].Manufacturing Automation,2014,36(14):19-22.
[10]胡广斌.人造板热压机的发展历程[J].林产工业,2005,32(1):50-53.HU G B.The review of the development of wood-based panel press[J].China Wood Industry,2005,32(1):50-53.
[11]张建成,毛智勇,刘建.阀控不对称液压缸系统改进控制策略研究[J].现代制造工程,2015(5):120-125.ZHANG J C,MAO Z Y,LIU J.Improvement of unsymmetrical cylinder control tactics research based on servo valve control[J].Modern Manufacturing Engineering,2015(5):120-125.
[12]邵俊鹏,王仲文,李建英,等.电液位置伺服系统的规则自校正模糊PID控制器[J].中南大学学报(自然科学版),2010,41(3):960-965.SHAO J P,WANG Z W,LI J Y,et al.Rule self-tuning fuzzy-PID controller of electro-hydraulic position servo system[J].Journal of Central South University(Science and Technology),2010,41(3):960-965.
[13]李军伟,赵克定.液压仿真转台中框等同式同步控制系统的研究[J].液压与气动,2004(12):31-32.LI J W,ZHAO K D.Research on the synchro-driven system of hydraulic simulator based on equal-state[J].Chinese Hydraulics&Pneumatics,2004(12):31-32.
[14]胡永涛,曹跃进.柱塞缸电液伺服系统性能分析与控制策略研究[J].机床与液压,2012,40(11):47-49,53.HU Y T,CAO Y J.Performance analysis and control strategy study for piston cylinder electro-hydraulic servo system[J].Machine Tool&Hydraulics,2012,40(11):47-49,53.
[15]高殿荣.液压与气压传动[M].北京:机械工业出版社,2013.
[16]朱瑞华.中纤板多层压机液压系统配置方案比较[J].林产工业,2004,31(2):26-31.ZHU R H.Comparison of the designs for hydraulic unit of MDF multiple-opening[J].China Wood Industry,2004,31(2):26-31.