超声波协同处理对桉木抽提物及尺寸稳定性的影响
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摘要
目的探究不同频率超声波辅助去离子水溶液的抽提处理对巨尾桉木抽提物得率、成分以及试件尺寸稳定性的影响。方法分别以频率为0,25,59 kHz的超声波辅助去离子水、质量分数为1%的盐酸溶液、质量分数为1%的氢氧化钠溶液,在60℃条件下抽提巨尾桉试件2h,计算抽提物得率,采用GC/MS检测抽提物成分,测算试件的湿胀率和抗湿胀率。结果在频率为59kHz的超声波辅助下,氢氧化钠溶液(1%)处理组的抽提物得率最高,达7.67%;3种溶液处理所得抽提物成分差异虽较大,但超声波辅助抽提时,烷烃类、酯类物质的种类及相对含量变化明显;抽提处理提高了试件的尺寸稳定性,59 kHz的超声波辅助盐酸溶液(1%)处理组试件的抗湿胀率最高,达到65.39%。结论超声波协同热水溶液的抽提处理能够提高巨尾桉尺寸稳定性,且有利于抽提物的抽出。
The paper aims to explore the effects of extraction treatment of ultrasonic with different frequencies assisted with deionized aqueous solution on extractive yield, components and dimensional stability of E.grandis×E.urophylla. The E.grandis×E.urophylla samples were extracted in deionized water, 1% hydrochloric acid solution and 1% sodium hydroxide solution at 60 ℃ for 2 h at ultrasonic frequency of 0, 25 and 59 kHz, respectively. The extractive yield, the sample swelling ratio and the anti-swelling efficacy were calculated, and the extractive components were detected by GC/MS. The sample with the frequency of 59 kHz ultrasound assisted with 1% sodium hydroxide solution had the highest extractive yield, up to 7.67%. The components of the extractives obtained by three kinds of solutions had a large difference, but the types and relative contents of alkanes and esters changed apparently during ultrasonic-assisted extraction; the extraction treatment improved the dimensional stability of the samples. The sample with the frequency of 59 kHz ultrasound assisted with 1%hydrochloric acid solution had the highest anti-swelling efficacy, up to 65.39%. The extraction treatment by ultrasonic synergistic hot aqueous solution can improve the dimensional stability of the E.grandis×E.urophylla and facilitate the extraction of the extractive.
The paper aims to explore the effects of extraction treatment of ultrasonic with different frequencies assisted with deionized aqueous solution on extractive yield, components and dimensional stability of E.grandis×E.urophylla. The E.grandis×E.urophylla samples were extracted in deionized water, 1% hydrochloric acid solution and 1% sodium hydroxide solution at 60 ℃ for 2 h at ultrasonic frequency of 0, 25 and 59 kHz, respectively. The extractive yield, the sample swelling ratio and the anti-swelling efficacy were calculated, and the extractive components were detected by GC/MS. The sample with the frequency of 59 kHz ultrasound assisted with 1% sodium hydroxide solution had the highest extractive yield, up to 7.67%. The components of the extractives obtained by three kinds of solutions had a large difference, but the types and relative contents of alkanes and esters changed apparently during ultrasonic-assisted extraction; the extraction treatment improved the dimensional stability of the samples. The sample with the frequency of 59 kHz ultrasound assisted with 1%hydrochloric acid solution had the highest anti-swelling efficacy, up to 65.39%. The extraction treatment by ultrasonic synergistic hot aqueous solution can improve the dimensional stability of the E.grandis×E.urophylla and facilitate the extraction of the extractive.
引文
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[19]JIANG J X,LI J Z,GAO Q.Effect of Flame Retardant Treatment on Dimensional Stability and Thermal Degradation of Wood[J].Construction and Building Materials,2015(75):74-81.
[20]HE Z B,ZHANG Y,WANG Z Y,et al.Reducing Wood Drying Time by Application of Ultrasound Pretreatment[J].Drying Technology,2016,34(10):1141-1146.
[21]裴继诚.植物纤维化学[M].北京:中国轻工业出版社,2014.PEI Ji-cheng.Lignocellulosic Chemistry[M].Beijing:China Light Industry Press,2014.
[2]陈松武,刘晓玲,陈柏旭,等.桉木干燥技术研究现状[J].陕西林业科技,2018(5):99-104.CHEN Song-wu,LIU Xiao-ling,CHEN Bai-xu,et al.Research Status of Drying Technology of Eucalyptus Robusta Wood[J].Shaanxi Forest Science and Technology,2018(5):99-104.
[3]江泽慧,费本华,王喜明,等.桉树木材干燥特性与工艺及其皱缩研究现状[J].木材工业,2002,16(4):3-6.JIANG Ze-hui,FEI Ben-hua,WANG Xi-ming,et al.Study on Reduction of Collapse of Eucalyptus Wood in Drying[J].China Wood Industry,2002,16(4):3-6.
[4]王喜明,贺勤,赵喜龙.桉树人工林木材干燥皱缩特性的研究[J].内蒙古农业大学学报(自然科学版),2013,34(1):123-127.WANG Xi-ming,HE Qin,ZHAO Xi-long.Study on Drying and Collapse Properties of Eucalypts Plantation[J].Journal of Inner Mongolia Agricultural University(Natural Science Edition),2013,34(1):123-127.
[5]周永东,傅峰,李贤军,等.微波处理对桉木应力及微观构造的影响[J].北京林业大学学报,2009,31(2):146-150.ZHOU Yong-dong,FU Feng,LI Xian-jun,et al.Effects of Microwave Treatment on Residue Growth Stress and Microstructure of Eucalyptus Urophylla[J].Journal of Beijing Forestry University,2009,31(2):146-150.
[6]李怡欣,曹永建,马红霞,等.桉木基复合材料研究进展[J].林业与环境科学,2017,33(6):114-118.LI Yi-xin,CAO Yong-jian,MA Hong-xia,et al.Progress on Eucalyptus-based Composite Materials[J].Forestry and Environmental Science,2017,33(6):114-118.
[7]张仲凤,彭万喜,李凯夫.抽提处理对尾巨桉木材干缩性的影响[J].中南林业科技大学学报,2009,29(4):165-168.ZHANG Zhong-feng,PENG Wan-xi,LI Kai-fu.Influence of Extraction Technology on Eucalyptus Urophydis Wood Shrinkage[J].Journal of Central South University of Forestry&Technology,2009,29(4):165-168.
[8]FAN F,GALLAO M I,RODRIGUES S.Effect of Osmotic Dehydration and Ultrasound Pre-treatment on Cell Structure:Melon Dehydration[J].LWT-Food Science and Technology,2008,41(4):604-610.
[9]WANG Z Y,HE Z B,ZHAO Z J,et al.Influence of Ultrasound-assisted Extraction on the Pyrolysis Characteristics and Kinetic Parameters of Eucalyptus[J].Ultrasonics Sonochemistry,2017,37:47-55.
[10]GB/T 1931-2009,木材含水率测定方法[S].GB/T 1931-2009,Method for Determination of the Moisture Content of Wood[S].
[11]GB/T 1934.2-2009,木材湿胀性测定方法[S].GB/T 1934.2-2009,Method for determination of the swelling of wood[S].
[12]陈茜文.湖南主要树种木材的化学成分分析[J].中南林业科技大学学报,1995,15(2):190-194.CHEN Qian-wen.Analysis of Chemical Constituents of Main Tree Species in Hunan[J].Journal of Central South Forestry College,1995,15(2):190-194.
[13]吕霞付,杨海麟,王武.超声波在生物发酵工程中的应用[J].生物技术通讯,2001,12(4):310-313.LYU Xia-fu,YANG Hai-lin,WANG Wu.The Application of Ultrasonic in Fermentation Engineering[J].Letters in Biotechnology,2001,12(4):310-313.
[14]李银花,宋卉.超声波法水抽提葛根素工艺研究[J].食品研究与开发,2010,31(6):14-16.LI Yin-hua,SONG Hui.Ultrasound Water Extraction Process of the Effective Ingredient of Puerarin[J].Food Research and Development,2010,31(6):14-16.
[15]刘培义,孟国忠.木材的尺寸稳定性处理[J].木材工业,2003,17(2):24-26.LIU Pei-yi,MENG Guo-zhong.Treatment for Wood Dimensional Stability[J].China Wood Industry,2003,17(2):24-26.
[16]MITANI A,BARBOUTIS I.Changes Caused by Heat Treatment in Color and Dimensional Stability of Beech(Fagus Sylvatica l.)Wood[J].Drvna Industrija,2014,65(3):225-232.
[17]PETR P,ALES D.Moisture Absorption and Dimensional Stability of Poplar Wood Impregnated with Sucrose and Sodium Chloride[J].Maderas Ciencia YTecnología,2014,16(3):299-311.
[18]ABUIN ROUCO M C,RIESCO MUNOZ G.Influence of Blue Stain on Density and Dimensional Stability of Pinus Radiata Timber from Northern Galicia(Spain)[J].Holzforschung,2015,69(1):97-102.
[19]JIANG J X,LI J Z,GAO Q.Effect of Flame Retardant Treatment on Dimensional Stability and Thermal Degradation of Wood[J].Construction and Building Materials,2015(75):74-81.
[20]HE Z B,ZHANG Y,WANG Z Y,et al.Reducing Wood Drying Time by Application of Ultrasound Pretreatment[J].Drying Technology,2016,34(10):1141-1146.
[21]裴继诚.植物纤维化学[M].北京:中国轻工业出版社,2014.PEI Ji-cheng.Lignocellulosic Chemistry[M].Beijing:China Light Industry Press,2014.