海南岛热带云雾林植物枝条和叶片氮、磷、可溶性糖分配规律
|
摘要
研究热带云雾林植物N、P及可溶性糖分配规律,对了解植物生长及对环境的适应性有重要意义。通过测定海南岛3个林区热带云雾林282种植物的枝条与叶片中N、P和可溶性糖含量,比较枝条、叶片中各个养分的差异,分析养分间的关联性。结果表明,植物叶片N、P和可溶性糖含量均显著高于枝条,其中枝条和叶片可溶性糖含量分别为(15.06±9.4)和(32.14±19.57)g·kg~(-1),氮含量分别为(3.48±1.02)和(9.51±5.26)g·kg~(-1),磷含量分别为(0.23±0.15)和(0.56±0.44)g·kg~(-1)。黎母山植物枝条、叶片的N和P含量最高,霸王岭植物最低;霸王岭植物枝条可溶性糖含量显著高于黎母山和尖峰岭,而霸王岭植物叶片可溶性糖含量显著低于黎母山和尖峰岭。在植物枝条、叶片中,N与P含量均呈显著正相关,而可溶性糖与P含量无显著相关性;在枝条与叶片之间,可溶性糖含量无显著相关,而N含量和P含量显著正相关。此外,P元素是海南岛热带云雾林植物生长及种群发育的主要限制性因子。
Studies on allocation of nitrogen( N),phosphorus( P) and soluble sugar in plants of tropical cloud forest play an important role in understanding the growth and adaptation of plants to the environment. We measured the contents of N,P and soluble sugar in the twigs and leaves from the 282 species of tropical cloud forests in three sites( i.e.,Bawangling Mountain( BWL),Jianfengling Mountain( JFL) and Limushan Mountain( LMS)) of Hainan Island,aiming to clarify the correlations of N,P,and soluble sugar in different vegetative organs. The results showed that the contents of N,P and soluble sugar in leaves were significantly higher than those in twigs.In twigs and leaves,the contents of soluble sugar were( 15. 06 ± 9. 4) and( 32. 14 ± 19. 57) g·kg~(-1),the contents of N were( 3.48±1.02) and( 9.51±5.26) g·kg~(-1),and the contents of P were( 0.23±0.15) and( 0.56±0.44) g·kg~(-1),respectively. The contents of N and P in the leaves and stems were the highest in LMS and the lowest in BWL. The content of soluble sugar in the twigs of BWL was significantly higher than that in LMS and JFL,whereas the content of soluble sugar in leaves was significantly lower than that of LMS and JFL. In twigs and leaves,there were significantly positive correlations between N and P contents,while soluble sugar contents were not significantly related to P contents. Moreover,N and P contents in twigs were significantly positive correlated with that in leaves,while there was no significant correlation in soluble sugar content between twigs and leaves. In addition,we found that P was a main limiting factor for plant growth and population development in the tropical cloud forests of Hainan Island.
Studies on allocation of nitrogen( N),phosphorus( P) and soluble sugar in plants of tropical cloud forest play an important role in understanding the growth and adaptation of plants to the environment. We measured the contents of N,P and soluble sugar in the twigs and leaves from the 282 species of tropical cloud forests in three sites( i.e.,Bawangling Mountain( BWL),Jianfengling Mountain( JFL) and Limushan Mountain( LMS)) of Hainan Island,aiming to clarify the correlations of N,P,and soluble sugar in different vegetative organs. The results showed that the contents of N,P and soluble sugar in leaves were significantly higher than those in twigs.In twigs and leaves,the contents of soluble sugar were( 15. 06 ± 9. 4) and( 32. 14 ± 19. 57) g·kg~(-1),the contents of N were( 3.48±1.02) and( 9.51±5.26) g·kg~(-1),and the contents of P were( 0.23±0.15) and( 0.56±0.44) g·kg~(-1),respectively. The contents of N and P in the leaves and stems were the highest in LMS and the lowest in BWL. The content of soluble sugar in the twigs of BWL was significantly higher than that in LMS and JFL,whereas the content of soluble sugar in leaves was significantly lower than that of LMS and JFL. In twigs and leaves,there were significantly positive correlations between N and P contents,while soluble sugar contents were not significantly related to P contents. Moreover,N and P contents in twigs were significantly positive correlated with that in leaves,while there was no significant correlation in soluble sugar content between twigs and leaves. In addition,we found that P was a main limiting factor for plant growth and population development in the tropical cloud forests of Hainan Island.
引文
贺金生,韩兴国.2010.生态化学计量学:探索从个体到生态系统的统一化理论.植物生态学报,34(1):2-6.
胡玉佳,李玉杏.1992.海南岛热带雨林.广州:广东高等教育出版社.
李迈和,Norbert Kruchi.2005.全球高山林线研究现状与发展方向.四川林业科技,26(4):36-42.
龙文兴,丁易,臧润国,等.2011.海南岛霸王岭热带云雾林雨季的环境特征.植物生态学报,35(2):137-146.
潘庆民.2002.羊草草原群落氮素平衡和碳水化合物贮藏对氮素添加的响应(博士学位论文).北京:中国科学院植物研究所.
王茜茜,龙文兴,杨小波,等.2016.海南岛3个林区热带云雾林植物多样性变化.植物生态报,40(5):469-479.
徐冰,程雨曦,甘慧洁,等.2010.内蒙古锡林河流域典型草原植物叶片与细根性状在种间及种内水平上的关联.植物生态学报,34(1):29-38.
印婧婧,郭大立,何思源,等.2009.内蒙古半干旱区树木非结构性碳、氮、磷的分配格局.北京大学学报:自然科学版,45(3):519-527.
曾德慧,陈广生.2005.生态化学计量学:复杂生命系统奥秘的探索.植物生态学报,29(6):1007-1019.
张江平,郭颖,孙吉慧,等.2015.贵州主要森林植被养分含量及其分配特征.北京林业大学学报,37(4):48-55.
郑云普,王贺新,娄鑫,等.2014.木本植物非结构性碳水化合物变化及其影响因子研究进展.应用生态学报,25(4):1188-1196.
Ackerly DD,Donoghue MJ.1998.Leaf size,sapling allometry,and Corner’s rules:Phylogeny and correlated evolution in maples(Acer).American Naturalist,152:767-791.
Aerts R,Iii FSC.2000.The mineral nutrition of wild plants revisited:A re-evaluation of processes and patterns.Advances in Ecological Research,30:1-67.
Bubb P,May I,Miles L,et al.2004.Cloud Forest Agenda.Cambridge:UNEP-WCMC.
Cannell MGR,Thornley JHM.2000.Modelling the components of plant respiration:Some guiding principles.Annals of Botany,85:45-54.
Chapin F,Matson P,Mooney H.2002.Principles of Terrestrial Ecosystem Ecology.New York:Springer.
Comas LH,Eissenstat DM.2004.Linking fine root traits to maximum potential growth rate among 11 mature temperate tree species.Functional Ecology,18:388-397.
Dawson TP,Curran PJ.1998.Technical note:A new technique for interpolating the reflectance red edge position.International Journal of Remote Sensing,19:2133-2139.
Duarte CM.1992.Nutrient concentration of aquatic plants:Patterns across species.Limnology&Oceanography,37:882-889.
Ericsson T,Rytter L,Vapaavuori E.1996.Physiology of carbon allocation in trees.Biomass&Bioenergy,11:115-127.
Field CB,Mooney HA.1986.The photosynthesis-nitrogen relationship.Princeton:Princeton University Press.
Güsewell S.2004.N∶P ratios in terrestrial plants:Variation and functional significance.New Phytologist,164:243-266.
Han W,Fang J,Guo D,et al.2005.Leaf nitrogen and phosphorus stoichiometry across 753 terrestrial plant species in China.New Phytologist,168:377-385.
Jackson RB,Mooney HA.1997.A global budget for fine root biomass,surface area,and nutrient contents.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America,94:7362-7366.
Kerkhoff AJ,Fagan WF,Elser JJ,et al.2006.Phylogenetic and growth form variation in the scaling of nitrogen and phosphorus in the seed plants.American Naturalist,168:E103-E122.
Koerselman W.1996.The vegetation N∶P ratio:A new tool to detect the nature of nutrient limitation.Journal of Applied Ecology,33:1441-1450.
Lambers H,Iii FSC,Pons TL.1998.Life Cycles:Environmental Influences and Adaptations.New York:Springer.
Long W,Zang R,Ding Y.2011.Air temperature and soil phosphorus availability correlate with trait differences between two types of tropical cloud forests.Flora,206:896-903.
Long W,Zang R,Ding Y,et al.2013.Effects of competition and facilitation on species assemblage in two types of tropical cloud forest.PLo S ONE,8:e60252.
Mc Groddy M,Daufresne T,Hedin L.2004.Scaling of CBNBPstoichiometry in forest ecosystems worldwide.Ecology,85:2390-2401.
Price CA,Weitz JS.2012.Allometric covariation:A hallmark behavior of plants and leaves.New Phytologist,193:882-889.
Reich P,Schoettle A.1988.Role of phosphorus and nitrogen in photosynthetic and whole plant carbon gain and nutrient use efficiency in eastern white pine.Oecologia,77:25-33.
Reich PB,Walters MB,Tjoelker MG,et al.1998.Photosynthesis and respiration rates depend on leaf and root morphology and nitrogen concentration in nine boreal tree species differing in relative growth rate.Functional Ecology,12:395-405.
Reich PB,Oleksyn J.2004.Global patterns of plant leaf N and P in relation to temperature and latitude.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America,101:11001-11006.
Reich PB.2005.Global biogeography of plant chemistry:Filling in the blanks.New Phytologist,168:263-266.
Reich P,Tjoelker M,Pregitzer K,et al.2008.Scaling of respiration to nitrogen in leaves,stems and roots of higher land plants.Ecology Letters,11:93-801.
Sardans J,Pe1uelas J.2013.Tree growth changes with climate and forest type are associated with relative allocation of nutrients,especially phosphorus,to leaves and wood.Global Ecology&Biogeography,22:494-507.
Stadtmueller T.1987.Cloud forests in the humid tropics.Tokyo:The United Nations University.
Suding K,Lavorel S,Chapin F,et al.2008.Scaling environmental change through the community-level:A trait-based response-and-effect framework for plants.Global Change Biology,14:112-1140.
Vitousek P.1982.Nutrient cycling and nutrient use efficiency.American Naturalist,119:553-572.
Westoby M,Falster DS,Moles AT,et al.2002.Plant ecological strategies:Some leading dimensions of variation between species.Annual Review of Ecology and Systematics,33:125-159.
Wright IJ,Westoby M,Reich PB.2002.Convergence towards higher leaf mass per area in dry and nutrient-poor habitats has different consequences for leaf life span.Journal of Ecology,90:534-543.
Wright IJ,Reich PB,Westoby M,et al.2004.The worldwide leaf economics spectrum.Nature,428:821-827.
Würth MK,Pelez-Riedl S,Wright SJ,et al.2005.Non-structural carbohydrate pools in a tropical forest.Oecologia,143:11-24.
Yang X,Tang Z,Ji C,et al.2014.Scaling of nitrogen and phosphorus across plant organs in shrubland biomes across Northern China.Scientific Reports,4:5448.
胡玉佳,李玉杏.1992.海南岛热带雨林.广州:广东高等教育出版社.
李迈和,Norbert Kruchi.2005.全球高山林线研究现状与发展方向.四川林业科技,26(4):36-42.
龙文兴,丁易,臧润国,等.2011.海南岛霸王岭热带云雾林雨季的环境特征.植物生态学报,35(2):137-146.
潘庆民.2002.羊草草原群落氮素平衡和碳水化合物贮藏对氮素添加的响应(博士学位论文).北京:中国科学院植物研究所.
王茜茜,龙文兴,杨小波,等.2016.海南岛3个林区热带云雾林植物多样性变化.植物生态报,40(5):469-479.
徐冰,程雨曦,甘慧洁,等.2010.内蒙古锡林河流域典型草原植物叶片与细根性状在种间及种内水平上的关联.植物生态学报,34(1):29-38.
印婧婧,郭大立,何思源,等.2009.内蒙古半干旱区树木非结构性碳、氮、磷的分配格局.北京大学学报:自然科学版,45(3):519-527.
曾德慧,陈广生.2005.生态化学计量学:复杂生命系统奥秘的探索.植物生态学报,29(6):1007-1019.
张江平,郭颖,孙吉慧,等.2015.贵州主要森林植被养分含量及其分配特征.北京林业大学学报,37(4):48-55.
郑云普,王贺新,娄鑫,等.2014.木本植物非结构性碳水化合物变化及其影响因子研究进展.应用生态学报,25(4):1188-1196.
Ackerly DD,Donoghue MJ.1998.Leaf size,sapling allometry,and Corner’s rules:Phylogeny and correlated evolution in maples(Acer).American Naturalist,152:767-791.
Aerts R,Iii FSC.2000.The mineral nutrition of wild plants revisited:A re-evaluation of processes and patterns.Advances in Ecological Research,30:1-67.
Bubb P,May I,Miles L,et al.2004.Cloud Forest Agenda.Cambridge:UNEP-WCMC.
Cannell MGR,Thornley JHM.2000.Modelling the components of plant respiration:Some guiding principles.Annals of Botany,85:45-54.
Chapin F,Matson P,Mooney H.2002.Principles of Terrestrial Ecosystem Ecology.New York:Springer.
Comas LH,Eissenstat DM.2004.Linking fine root traits to maximum potential growth rate among 11 mature temperate tree species.Functional Ecology,18:388-397.
Dawson TP,Curran PJ.1998.Technical note:A new technique for interpolating the reflectance red edge position.International Journal of Remote Sensing,19:2133-2139.
Duarte CM.1992.Nutrient concentration of aquatic plants:Patterns across species.Limnology&Oceanography,37:882-889.
Ericsson T,Rytter L,Vapaavuori E.1996.Physiology of carbon allocation in trees.Biomass&Bioenergy,11:115-127.
Field CB,Mooney HA.1986.The photosynthesis-nitrogen relationship.Princeton:Princeton University Press.
Güsewell S.2004.N∶P ratios in terrestrial plants:Variation and functional significance.New Phytologist,164:243-266.
Han W,Fang J,Guo D,et al.2005.Leaf nitrogen and phosphorus stoichiometry across 753 terrestrial plant species in China.New Phytologist,168:377-385.
Jackson RB,Mooney HA.1997.A global budget for fine root biomass,surface area,and nutrient contents.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America,94:7362-7366.
Kerkhoff AJ,Fagan WF,Elser JJ,et al.2006.Phylogenetic and growth form variation in the scaling of nitrogen and phosphorus in the seed plants.American Naturalist,168:E103-E122.
Koerselman W.1996.The vegetation N∶P ratio:A new tool to detect the nature of nutrient limitation.Journal of Applied Ecology,33:1441-1450.
Lambers H,Iii FSC,Pons TL.1998.Life Cycles:Environmental Influences and Adaptations.New York:Springer.
Long W,Zang R,Ding Y.2011.Air temperature and soil phosphorus availability correlate with trait differences between two types of tropical cloud forests.Flora,206:896-903.
Long W,Zang R,Ding Y,et al.2013.Effects of competition and facilitation on species assemblage in two types of tropical cloud forest.PLo S ONE,8:e60252.
Mc Groddy M,Daufresne T,Hedin L.2004.Scaling of CBNBPstoichiometry in forest ecosystems worldwide.Ecology,85:2390-2401.
Price CA,Weitz JS.2012.Allometric covariation:A hallmark behavior of plants and leaves.New Phytologist,193:882-889.
Reich P,Schoettle A.1988.Role of phosphorus and nitrogen in photosynthetic and whole plant carbon gain and nutrient use efficiency in eastern white pine.Oecologia,77:25-33.
Reich PB,Walters MB,Tjoelker MG,et al.1998.Photosynthesis and respiration rates depend on leaf and root morphology and nitrogen concentration in nine boreal tree species differing in relative growth rate.Functional Ecology,12:395-405.
Reich PB,Oleksyn J.2004.Global patterns of plant leaf N and P in relation to temperature and latitude.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America,101:11001-11006.
Reich PB.2005.Global biogeography of plant chemistry:Filling in the blanks.New Phytologist,168:263-266.
Reich P,Tjoelker M,Pregitzer K,et al.2008.Scaling of respiration to nitrogen in leaves,stems and roots of higher land plants.Ecology Letters,11:93-801.
Sardans J,Pe1uelas J.2013.Tree growth changes with climate and forest type are associated with relative allocation of nutrients,especially phosphorus,to leaves and wood.Global Ecology&Biogeography,22:494-507.
Stadtmueller T.1987.Cloud forests in the humid tropics.Tokyo:The United Nations University.
Suding K,Lavorel S,Chapin F,et al.2008.Scaling environmental change through the community-level:A trait-based response-and-effect framework for plants.Global Change Biology,14:112-1140.
Vitousek P.1982.Nutrient cycling and nutrient use efficiency.American Naturalist,119:553-572.
Westoby M,Falster DS,Moles AT,et al.2002.Plant ecological strategies:Some leading dimensions of variation between species.Annual Review of Ecology and Systematics,33:125-159.
Wright IJ,Westoby M,Reich PB.2002.Convergence towards higher leaf mass per area in dry and nutrient-poor habitats has different consequences for leaf life span.Journal of Ecology,90:534-543.
Wright IJ,Reich PB,Westoby M,et al.2004.The worldwide leaf economics spectrum.Nature,428:821-827.
Würth MK,Pelez-Riedl S,Wright SJ,et al.2005.Non-structural carbohydrate pools in a tropical forest.Oecologia,143:11-24.
Yang X,Tang Z,Ji C,et al.2014.Scaling of nitrogen and phosphorus across plant organs in shrubland biomes across Northern China.Scientific Reports,4:5448.