热带山地雨林3个演替阶段幼树叶片特征比较
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摘要
在海南岛热带山地雨林的演替早期、中期和后期样地共选择30个物种,应用Li-6400光合测定系统测量其光合作用的光响应曲线。计算得出最大光合速率(Amax)、光补偿点(LCP)、表观量子效率(Ф)和暗呼吸速率(Rd)。并测量叶片的比叶面积(SLA)、氮(LN)和磷(LP)含量。结果表明:随着演替进行,最大光合速率(单位面积或单位重量)逐渐下降,次序为演替早期>演替中期>演替后期,但差异不显著(P>0.05);暗呼吸速率(单位面积或单位重量)和表观量子效率逐渐升高,差异也不显著(P>0.05);叶片的比叶面积、叶片氮含量和叶片磷含量都逐渐升高。3个演替阶段共有物种:子楝树(Decaspermum gracilentum)和鱼骨木(Canthium dicoccum)的单位干重最大光合速率、单位干重暗呼吸速率、比叶面积和叶片氮含量随演替进行而逐渐升高,次序为演替早期<演替中期<演替后期。整体上,单位干重最大光合速率和单位干重暗呼吸速率与比叶面积显著正相关(P<0.01);单位干重暗呼吸速率和光补偿点与叶片氮含量显著正相关(P<0.01)。在演替过程中,植物表现出了共同的形态反应,但子楝树和鱼骨木显示出不同的适应策略。
Thirty species were selected from 3 successional stages in Hainan Island tropical montane rain forest,and their light response curves were measured using a Li-6400 portable photosynthesis system.The maximal photosynthesis rate(Amax),light compensation point(LCP),apparent quantum yield(Ф),day-time dark respiration rate(Rd) were calculated from these light response curves.And leaf nitrogen(LN),leaf phosphorus(LP) and specific leaf area(SLA) of these species were also measured.The value of Amax(A-area,per unit leaf area,and A-mass,per unit leaf dry mass) gradually decreased in the progress of succession,had the order of early successional stage(ES)>middle successional stage(MD)>latter successional stage(LS),but no significant difference exited(P>0.05);the value of Rd(both Rd-area and Rd-mass) and Ф were opposite,with the order of ES0.05).The values of SLA,LN and LP gradually increased in the progress of succession.But for Decaspermum gracilentum and Canthium dicoccum(common species of 3 successional stages),values of A-mass,Rd-mass,SLA and LN gradually increased in the progress,had the order of ES
Thirty species were selected from 3 successional stages in Hainan Island tropical montane rain forest,and their light response curves were measured using a Li-6400 portable photosynthesis system.The maximal photosynthesis rate(Amax),light compensation point(LCP),apparent quantum yield(Ф),day-time dark respiration rate(Rd) were calculated from these light response curves.And leaf nitrogen(LN),leaf phosphorus(LP) and specific leaf area(SLA) of these species were also measured.The value of Amax(A-area,per unit leaf area,and A-mass,per unit leaf dry mass) gradually decreased in the progress of succession,had the order of early successional stage(ES)>middle successional stage(MD)>latter successional stage(LS),but no significant difference exited(P>0.05);the value of Rd(both Rd-area and Rd-mass) and Ф were opposite,with the order of ES
引文
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[14]Koike,T.Leaf structure and photosynthetic performance as related to the forest succession of deciduous broad-leaved trees[J].Plant Species Biology,1988(3):77-87.
[15]梁春,林植芳,孔国辉.不同光强下生长的亚热带树苗的光合-光响应特性的比较[J].应用生态学报,1997(8):7-11.
[16]Braatne,J.H.,L.C.Bliss.Comparative physiological ecology of lupines colonizing early successional habitats on Mount St.Helens[J].Ecology,1999(80):891-907.
[17]张守仁,高荣孚.光胁迫下植物光合生理生态研究进展[M]∥李承森.植物科学进展:第2卷.北京:高等教育出版社,1999.
[18]Bazzaz,F.A.,R.W.Carlson.Phtotosynthetic acclimation to variability in the light environment of early and late successional plants[J].Oecologia,1982(54):313-316.
[19]Osmond,C.B.Interactions between irradiance,nitrogen nutrition,and water-stress in the sun-shade responses of Solanum dulcamara[J].Oecologia,1983(57):316-321.
[20]Evans,J.R.Photosynthesis and nitrogen relationships in leaves of C3plants[J].Oecologia,1989(78):9-19.
[21]王博轶,冯玉龙.生长环境光强对两种热带雨林树种幼苗光合作用的影响[J].生态学报,2005,25(1):23-30.
[22]Lima J.D.,Mosquim P.R.,Da Matta F.M.Leaf gas exchange and chlorophyll fluorescence parameters in Phaseol us v ulgaris as affected by nitrogen and phosphorus deficiency[J].Photosynthetica,1999(37):113-121.
[23]吴楚,王政权,孙海龙,等.氮磷供给对长白落叶松叶绿素合成、叶绿素荧光和光合速率的影响[J].林业科学,2005,41(4):31-36.
[2]臧润国,安树青,陶建平,等.海南岛热带林生物多样性维持机制[M].北京:科学出版社,2004.
[3]毛培利.海南岛热副山地雨林不同演替阶段植物功能群光生态适应性研究[D].北京:中国林业科学研究院,2007.
[4]张明,王文进,刘福德,等.海南岛热带山地雨林幼苗幼树的光合能力与水分利用效率[J].应用生态学报,2007,18(10):2160-2166.
[5]刘福德,王中生,张明,等.海南岛热带山地雨林幼苗幼树光合与叶氮、叶磷及比叶面积的关系[J].生态学报,2007,27(11):4651-4661.
[6]Bazzaz,F.A.,R.W.Carlson.Phtotosynthetic acclimation to variability in the light environment of early and late successional plants[J].Oecologia,1982(54):313-316.
[7]Nogueira A.,Martinez C.A.,Ferreira L.L.,et al.Photosynthesis and water use efficiency in twenty tropical tree species of differing succession status in a Brazilian reforestation[J].Photosynthetica,2004,42(3):351-356.
[8]王文进,张明,刘福德,等.海南岛吊罗山热带山地雨林2个演替阶段的种间联结性[J].生物多样性,2007,15(3):257-263.
[9]张明,刘福德,王中生,等.热带山地雨林演替早期先锋树种与非先锋树种叶片特征的差异[J].南京林业大学学报:自然科学版,2008,32(4),28-32.
[10]安树青,王铮峰,曾繁敬,等.海南吊罗山热带山地雨林植物种类多样性研究[J].中山大学学报,1999,38(6):78-83.
[11]陈飞宇,罗天祥,张林,等.江西九连山常绿阔叶林主要树种叶建成消耗的比较[J].生态学报,2006,26(8):2485-2493.
[12]Prioul J.L.,Chartier P.Partitioning of transfer and carboxylation components of intercellular resistance to photosynthetic CO2fixation:a critical analysis of the method used[J].Ann.Bot.,1977(41):789-800.
[13]Bazzaz,F.A.Plants in changing environments:linking physiological,population,and community ecology[M].New York:Cambridge University Press,1996:264-280.
[14]Koike,T.Leaf structure and photosynthetic performance as related to the forest succession of deciduous broad-leaved trees[J].Plant Species Biology,1988(3):77-87.
[15]梁春,林植芳,孔国辉.不同光强下生长的亚热带树苗的光合-光响应特性的比较[J].应用生态学报,1997(8):7-11.
[16]Braatne,J.H.,L.C.Bliss.Comparative physiological ecology of lupines colonizing early successional habitats on Mount St.Helens[J].Ecology,1999(80):891-907.
[17]张守仁,高荣孚.光胁迫下植物光合生理生态研究进展[M]∥李承森.植物科学进展:第2卷.北京:高等教育出版社,1999.
[18]Bazzaz,F.A.,R.W.Carlson.Phtotosynthetic acclimation to variability in the light environment of early and late successional plants[J].Oecologia,1982(54):313-316.
[19]Osmond,C.B.Interactions between irradiance,nitrogen nutrition,and water-stress in the sun-shade responses of Solanum dulcamara[J].Oecologia,1983(57):316-321.
[20]Evans,J.R.Photosynthesis and nitrogen relationships in leaves of C3plants[J].Oecologia,1989(78):9-19.
[21]王博轶,冯玉龙.生长环境光强对两种热带雨林树种幼苗光合作用的影响[J].生态学报,2005,25(1):23-30.
[22]Lima J.D.,Mosquim P.R.,Da Matta F.M.Leaf gas exchange and chlorophyll fluorescence parameters in Phaseol us v ulgaris as affected by nitrogen and phosphorus deficiency[J].Photosynthetica,1999(37):113-121.
[23]吴楚,王政权,孙海龙,等.氮磷供给对长白落叶松叶绿素合成、叶绿素荧光和光合速率的影响[J].林业科学,2005,41(4):31-36.