磁极偏移对无齿槽无刷电动机振动与噪声影响研究
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摘要
无齿槽无刷电动机转子磁极用整体充磁磁环制成,但充磁时磁环每极磁化分布可能出现偏移,导致N,S极的宽度不一致,会对电机产生振动噪声的不利影响。以实验室研制的一对极无齿槽无刷电动机样机为对象,研究转子磁极偏移对振动噪声的影响。运用解析模型计算磁极偏移时电机的空载气隙磁密、径向电磁力波,并与仿真结果做比较;应用有限元方法分析电机磁极偏移的振动与噪声;对样机的模态、振动加速度及噪声进行了测试及分析。
The magnetic pole of rotor in the brushless motor was usually made by integral magneticing ring,magnetization distribution of magnetic rings at each pole might be offset when magnetized,which made the inconsistent width of the N and S poles,so it would have an adverse influence on the vibration and noise of motor. A pair of high-speed brushless motor prototype developed in the laboratory was used as the research object,and the influence of rotor magnetic pole shift on vibration and noise has been studied. The analytical model was applied to calculate the no-load air gap flux density,radial electromagnetic force and motor mode of magnetic pole shifting,which was in agreement with the simulation results of the finite element analysis. The finite element method was used to analyze the electromagnetic vibration and noise of the pole shift brushless motor. The experiment results of the motor mode,vibration acceleration and noise of the prototype were compared with the simulation results.
The magnetic pole of rotor in the brushless motor was usually made by integral magneticing ring,magnetization distribution of magnetic rings at each pole might be offset when magnetized,which made the inconsistent width of the N and S poles,so it would have an adverse influence on the vibration and noise of motor. A pair of high-speed brushless motor prototype developed in the laboratory was used as the research object,and the influence of rotor magnetic pole shift on vibration and noise has been studied. The analytical model was applied to calculate the no-load air gap flux density,radial electromagnetic force and motor mode of magnetic pole shifting,which was in agreement with the simulation results of the finite element analysis. The finite element method was used to analyze the electromagnetic vibration and noise of the pole shift brushless motor. The experiment results of the motor mode,vibration acceleration and noise of the prototype were compared with the simulation results.
引文
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[2]YOON T,LIEU D K.A method to verify accuracy of predicted magnetic orientation of a permanent ring magnet in a brushless DCmotor[J].IEEE Transactions on Magnetics,2007,43(9):3638-3644.
[3]WON S H,KIM W H,JU L.Effect of the incomplete magnetization of permanent magnet in the characteristics of BLDC motor[J].IEEE Transactions on Magnetics,2009,45(6):2847-2850.
[4]PARK S C,YOON T H,KWON B I,et al.Influence on brushless DC motor performance due to unsymmetric magnetization distribution in permanent magnet[J].IEEE Transactions on Magnetics,2000,36(4):1898-1901.
[5]李艳明,郭宏,谢清明,等.充磁导致的超高速永磁同步电机不平衡磁拉力[J].北京航空航天大学学报,2013,39(6):771-775.
[6]张家思.山地车永磁无刷电机振动与噪声研究[D].武汉:湖北工业大学,2017:30-31.
[7]ZHU Z Q,HOWE D.Instantaneous magnetic field distribution in brushless permanent magnet DC motors,Part I:Open-circuit Field[J].IEEE Transactions on Magnetics,1993,29(1):143-151.
[8]ZHU Z Q,HOWE D.Electromagnetic noise radiated by brushless permanent magnet DC drives[C]//International Conference on E-lectrical Machines and Drives.IET,2012:606-611.
[9]SUN T,KIM J M,LEE G H,et al.Effect of pole and slot combination on noise and vibration in permanent magnet synchronous motor[J].IEEE Transactions on Magnetics,2011,47(5):1038-1041.
[10]ISLAM M S,ISLAM R,SEBASTIAN T.Noise and vibration characteristics of permanent-magnet synchronous motors using electromagnetic and structural analyses[J].IEEE Transactions on Industry Applications,2011,50(5):3214-3222.
[11]KO H S,KIM K J.Characterization of noise and vibration sources in interior permanent-magnet brushless DC motors[J].IEEETransactions on Magnetics,2004,40(6):3482-3489.
[12]陈阳生,林友仰.永磁电机气隙磁密的分析计算[J].中国电机工程学报,1994(5):17-26.
[13]HUANG S,AYDIN M,LIPO T A.Electromagnetic vibration and noise assessment for surface mounted PM machines[C]//IEEE.Power Engineering Society Summer Meeting.2001(3):1417-1426.
[14]YANG H,CHEN Y.Influence of radial force harmonics with low mode number on electromagnetic vibrationof PMSM[J].IEEETransactions on Energy Conversion,2014,29(1):38-45.
[15]代颖,崔淑梅,宋立伟.车用电机的有限元模态分析[J].中国电机工程学报,2011,31(9):100-104.