挤压工艺对6013铝合金组织和力学性能的影响
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摘要
以半连续铸造、挤压获得的6013铝合金为研究对象,通过金相显微镜、扫描电镜、室温拉伸以及硬度等组织性能检测手段,对比研究不同挤压温度和挤压速度对6013铝合金组织与性能的影响。结果表明,挤压温度和挤压速度对6013铝合金的组织和力学性能均有显著影响,挤压温度越高、挤压速度越快,越有利于获得再结晶组织。在速度较低时,抗拉强度在500℃时获得最大值;在不同的速度下,6013铝合金的伸长率以及硬度均随着温度的升高而降低。断口分析表明,断口韧窝尺寸较大、较深,且伴有大量撕裂棱,说明合金具有较好的塑性。
6013 aluminium alloy sheets obtained by semi-continuous casting and extrusion were investigated,focusing on the effects of extrusion temperature and speed on the structure and properties,by optical microscopy,scanning electron microscopy,tensile and hardness testing.The results reveal that both extrusion temperature and extrusion speed have significant effects on the microstructure and mechanical properties of the 6013 aluminum alloy.Recrystallized structure is trend to be generated at higher extrusion temperature or speed.At a lower extrusion speed,the tensile strength of the alloy reaches its maximum at 500℃.The elongation and hardness of the alloy are decreased with the increase in temperature at various extrusion speed.Moreover,fractographic analysis reveals that the alloy with large and deep dimples accompanied with tearing edges observed in the fractography presents the higher plasticity.
6013 aluminium alloy sheets obtained by semi-continuous casting and extrusion were investigated,focusing on the effects of extrusion temperature and speed on the structure and properties,by optical microscopy,scanning electron microscopy,tensile and hardness testing.The results reveal that both extrusion temperature and extrusion speed have significant effects on the microstructure and mechanical properties of the 6013 aluminum alloy.Recrystallized structure is trend to be generated at higher extrusion temperature or speed.At a lower extrusion speed,the tensile strength of the alloy reaches its maximum at 500℃.The elongation and hardness of the alloy are decreased with the increase in temperature at various extrusion speed.Moreover,fractographic analysis reveals that the alloy with large and deep dimples accompanied with tearing edges observed in the fractography presents the higher plasticity.
引文
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[16]薛杰,王有为,张志豪,等.挤压温度对Al-Zn-Mg-Cu合金动态再结晶、时效组织和力学性能的影响[J].中国有色金属学报,2017,27(11):2 204-2 211.
[17]胡煌辉,栾国红,柴鹏.6063铝合金搅拌摩擦焊接头性能及组织分析[J].机车车辆工艺,2006(4):4-6.
[18]聂祚仁.铝材中合金元素的作用与发展[J].中国有色金属,2009(22):56-57.
[19]刘继华,李荻,刘培英.热处理对7075铝合金应力腐蚀及断口形貌的影响[J].材料热处理学报,2010,31(7):109-113.
[2]BIROL Y.Preaging to improve bake hardening in a twin-roll cast Al-Mg-Si alloy[J].Materials Science and Engineering,2005,A391(1):175-180.
[3]李竞舟,郑子樵.6013合金的力学性能及微观结构特点[J].铝加工,1997(2):50-55.
[4]NAMI H,HALVAEE A,ADGI H,et al.Investigation on microstructure and mechanical properties of diffusion bonded Al/Mg2Si metal matrix composite using copper interlayer[J].Journal of Materials Processing Technology,2010,210(10):1 282-1 289.
[5]HAN Y,SAMUEL A M,DOTY H W,et al.Optimizing the tensile properties of Al-Si-Cu-Mg 319-type alloys:Role of solution heat treatment[J].Materials&Design,2014,58(6):426-438.
[6]JENISKI R A,THANABOONSOMBUT B,SANDERS T H.The effect of iron and manganese on the recrystallization behavior of hotrolled and solution-heat-treated aluminum alloy 6013[J].Metallurgical&Materials Transactions,1996,A27(1):19-27.
[7]LIU M P,JIANG T H,WANG J,et al.Aging behavior and mechanical properties of 6013aluminum alloy processed by severe plastic deformation[J].Transactions of Nonferrous Metals Society of China,2014,24(12):3 858-3 865.
[8]ABDALA M R W S,BLAS J C G D,BARBOSA C,et al.Thermoelectrical power analysis of precipitation in 6013aluminum alloy[J].Materials Characterization,2008,59(3):271-277.
[9]薛学功.6013铝合金性能与组织的研究[D].长沙:中南大学,2003.
[10]陈康敏,艾世杰,许晓静.固溶温度对6013铝合金组织和抗晶间腐蚀性能的影响[J].材料热处理学报,2013,34(4):46-50.
[11]叶拓,李落星,唐徐,等.固溶和时效处理对挤压态6013铝合金显微组织及动态力学行为的影响[J].机械工程材料,2017,41(6):1-4.
[12]陈准,谭澄宇.热处理制度对6013和6061合金拉伸性能的影响[J].轻合金加工技术,2001,29(4):25-27,22.
[13]张福豹,许晓静,张允康,等.反复镦压6013型铝合金的组织和性能[J].稀有金属材料与工程,2014,43(11):2 819-2 823.
[14]JIANG J W,LIU M P,LIU Y,et al.Microstructure and mechanical properties of 6013aluminium alloy processed by a combination of ECAP and preaging treatment[A].The 15th International Conference on Aluminum Alloys[C].Chongqing,2016.
[15]FURU T,SDAHL,NES E,et al.The influence of the extrusion speed on texture in the surface layer of aluminium profiles investigated by the EBSP technique[J].Materials Science Forum,1994,157-162:1 197-1 204.
[16]薛杰,王有为,张志豪,等.挤压温度对Al-Zn-Mg-Cu合金动态再结晶、时效组织和力学性能的影响[J].中国有色金属学报,2017,27(11):2 204-2 211.
[17]胡煌辉,栾国红,柴鹏.6063铝合金搅拌摩擦焊接头性能及组织分析[J].机车车辆工艺,2006(4):4-6.
[18]聂祚仁.铝材中合金元素的作用与发展[J].中国有色金属,2009(22):56-57.
[19]刘继华,李荻,刘培英.热处理对7075铝合金应力腐蚀及断口形貌的影响[J].材料热处理学报,2010,31(7):109-113.