2A12硬铝合金板热拉深成形极限图研究
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摘要
通过自主设计的热拉深成形专用模具,进行了在350~450℃范围内的2A12硬铝合金极限应变实验,并获得了其在该温度范围内的成形极限图,进而分析了在热拉深成形过程中温度对2A12硬铝合金成形极限的影响规律。基于MSC.MARC软件,分别应用最大载荷判断法、应变路径法以及二者相结合的3种失稳准则,对板材热拉深成形极限进行数值模拟分析。通过将数值模拟结果和实验结果进行对比,发现基于二者相结合的方法与实验结果吻合较好。并且基于不同的温度建立了2A12硬铝合金的热拉深成形极限的预测模型,为2A12硬铝合金在不同温度下进行构件实验奠定了理论基础。
The ultimate strain experiment of hard aluminum alloy 2 A12 at 350-450 ℃ was carried out by special thermal drawing die of independent design,and its forming limit diagram of strain at this temperature ranges was obtained. Then,the influences of temperature on the forming limit diagrams of hard aluminum alloy 2 A12 in the thermal drawing process were analyzed,and the thermal drawing forming limit of sheet metal was numerically simulated by three wrinkle criterions such as the maximum load judgement method,strain path method and combination of the above two methods based on MSC. MARC software. Comparing the numerical simulation results with the experimental results,it is found that the combination of two methods are in good agreement with the experimental results. Based on different temperatures,a prediction model of thermal drawing limit of hard aluminum alloy 2 A12 was established,which provides a theoretical basis for the forming experiment of hard aluminum alloy 2 A12 at different temperatures.
The ultimate strain experiment of hard aluminum alloy 2 A12 at 350-450 ℃ was carried out by special thermal drawing die of independent design,and its forming limit diagram of strain at this temperature ranges was obtained. Then,the influences of temperature on the forming limit diagrams of hard aluminum alloy 2 A12 in the thermal drawing process were analyzed,and the thermal drawing forming limit of sheet metal was numerically simulated by three wrinkle criterions such as the maximum load judgement method,strain path method and combination of the above two methods based on MSC. MARC software. Comparing the numerical simulation results with the experimental results,it is found that the combination of two methods are in good agreement with the experimental results. Based on different temperatures,a prediction model of thermal drawing limit of hard aluminum alloy 2 A12 was established,which provides a theoretical basis for the forming experiment of hard aluminum alloy 2 A12 at different temperatures.
引文
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[10]郭亮,湛利华.6061-T6铝合金板材热冲压成形极限图研究[J].热加工工艺,2017,46(5):131-134.Guo L,Zhan L H.Study on the hot stamping limit of 6061-T6aluminum alloy sheet[J].Hot Working Technology,2017,46(5):131-134.
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[12]白雪飘,王耀奇,侯红亮,等.Ti-6Al-4V钛合金热成形极限图及其应用[J].塑性工程学报,2013,20(3):102-105.Bai X P,Wang Y Q,Hou H L,et al.Forming limit diagram and its application for Ti-6Al-4V alloy sheet at elevated temperature[J].Journal of Plasticity Engineering,2013,20(3):102-105.
[13]程逸明,拓雷锋.管材加尾垫热挤压成形工艺[J].锻压技术,2017,42(10):69-72.Chen Y M,Tuo L F.Hot extrusion forming process of pipe with tail cushion[J].Forging&Stamping Technology,2017,42(10):69-72.
[14]王辉,高霖,赵明琦.一种基于有限元仿真的板料成形极限预测方法[J].山东大学学报:工学版,2006,36(2):95-98.Wang H,Gao L,Zhao M Q.A new method to predict the forming limit of sheet metal based on finite element simulation[J].Journal of Shandong University:Engineering Science,2006,36(2):95-98.
[15]陈光南,胡世光.板材拉伸成形中损伤、失稳与成形极限曲线的建立[J].塑性工程学报,1994,1(1):31-36.Chen G N,Hu S G.Damage,instability and construction of forming limit curve in sheet metal stretch forming[J].Journal of Plasticity Engineering,1994,1(1):31-36.
[2]Goodwin G M.Application of Strain Analysis to Sheet Metal Forming Problems in the Press Shop[M].New York:Society of Automotive Engineers,1968.
[3]Alistair Foster,Travor A Dean,Lin J G.Process for forming aluminum alloy sheet components[P].United States of America:US2012/0152416Al,2012-06-21.
[4]刘春燕,邱义伦,王斌.2A12铝合金热处理工艺研究[J].热处理,2008,23(5):59-61.Liu C Y,Qiu Y L,Wang B.Heat treatment process for 2A12 aluminum alloy[J].Heat treatment,2008,23(5):59-61.
[5]刘毅.AZ31镁合金板材热态下成形极限图的试验研究与数值模拟[D].太原:太原理工大学,2012.Liu Y.Experimental and Numerical Study of Forming Limit Diagram of AZ31 Magnesium Alloy Sheet at Elevated Temperatures[D].Taiyuan:Taiyuan University of Technology,2012.
[6]黄华.高强铝合金板材温热成形实验与理论研究[D].上海:上海交通大学,2010.Huang H.Experimental and Theoretical Investigation of Warm Forming of High-strength Aluminum Alloy Sheet[D].Shanghai:Shanghai Jiao Tong University,2010.
[7]Raghavan K S.A simple technique to generate in-plane forming limit curves and selected applications[J].Metallurgical&Materials Transactions A,1995,26(8):2075-2084.
[8]Zdzislaw Marciniak,Kazimierz Kuczynski.Limit strains in the processes of stretch-forming sheet metal[J].International Journal of Mechanical Science,1967,9(9):609-620.
[9]GB/T 15825.8—2008,金属薄板成形性能与试验方法第8部分:成形极限图(FLD)测定指南[S].GB/T 15825.8—2008,Sheet metal formability and test methods—Part 8:Guidelines for the determination of forming-limit diagrams[S].
[10]郭亮,湛利华.6061-T6铝合金板材热冲压成形极限图研究[J].热加工工艺,2017,46(5):131-134.Guo L,Zhan L H.Study on the hot stamping limit of 6061-T6aluminum alloy sheet[J].Hot Working Technology,2017,46(5):131-134.
[11]刘振勇,李亚光,李大勇.5754-H111铝合金板材成形极限实验及数值模拟[J].锻压技术,2014,39(1):35-40.Liu Z Y,Li Y G,Li D Y.Forming limit experiment and numerical simulation of 5754-H111 aluminum alloy sheet[J].Forging&Stamping Technology,2014,39(1):35-40.
[12]白雪飘,王耀奇,侯红亮,等.Ti-6Al-4V钛合金热成形极限图及其应用[J].塑性工程学报,2013,20(3):102-105.Bai X P,Wang Y Q,Hou H L,et al.Forming limit diagram and its application for Ti-6Al-4V alloy sheet at elevated temperature[J].Journal of Plasticity Engineering,2013,20(3):102-105.
[13]程逸明,拓雷锋.管材加尾垫热挤压成形工艺[J].锻压技术,2017,42(10):69-72.Chen Y M,Tuo L F.Hot extrusion forming process of pipe with tail cushion[J].Forging&Stamping Technology,2017,42(10):69-72.
[14]王辉,高霖,赵明琦.一种基于有限元仿真的板料成形极限预测方法[J].山东大学学报:工学版,2006,36(2):95-98.Wang H,Gao L,Zhao M Q.A new method to predict the forming limit of sheet metal based on finite element simulation[J].Journal of Shandong University:Engineering Science,2006,36(2):95-98.
[15]陈光南,胡世光.板材拉伸成形中损伤、失稳与成形极限曲线的建立[J].塑性工程学报,1994,1(1):31-36.Chen G N,Hu S G.Damage,instability and construction of forming limit curve in sheet metal stretch forming[J].Journal of Plasticity Engineering,1994,1(1):31-36.