汽车B柱碰撞失效变形过程仿真重现
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摘要
为了预测整车侧面碰撞试验中B柱的碰撞性能,应用Hypermesh/Ls-Dyna软件建立B柱零部件级碰撞仿真模型。根据整车碰撞试验中B柱的变形情况设置仿真模型中B柱约束条件,并依据整车和蜂窝铝质量以及蜂窝铝形状选择合适的冲击块的形状和质量,调整B柱和冲击块的相对高度位置以符合真实碰撞试验。由于B柱含有多种不同材料,故综合考虑多种强度焊点失效和多种材料断裂失效,根据不同金属材料间的极限焊点力的大小和材料的极限断裂应变来设置仿真中焊点和材料的失效。最终结果表明,仿真准确地复现了焊点失效和板料断裂失效现象。该仿真分析也为B柱及类似零部件的碰撞仿真提供了合理方法,提高了仿真的合理性。
To predict the collision performance of B-pillars in the vehicle side collision test,Hypermesh/Ls-Dyna software was used to establish B-pillar component-level collision simulation model.The B-pillar constraints were set in the simulation model according to the deformation of the B-pillar in the vehicle collision test,and the appropriate shape and mass of the impact block were selected according to the mass of the vehicle and honeycomb aluminum and the shape of the honeycomb aluminum,the relative height position of the B-pillar and the impact block was adjusted to match the true crash test.Since the B-pillar contains many different materials,multiple strength solder joint failures and multiple materials fracture failures were considered,the solder joint and material failure in the simulation were set according to the ultimate solder joint force between different metallic materials and the ultimate fracture strain of the material.The final result shows that the simulation accurately reproduce the solder joint failure and the sheet fracture failure phenomenon.The simulation analysis also provides a reasonable method for the collision simulation of B-pillar and similar parts,improves the rationality of the simulation.
To predict the collision performance of B-pillars in the vehicle side collision test,Hypermesh/Ls-Dyna software was used to establish B-pillar component-level collision simulation model.The B-pillar constraints were set in the simulation model according to the deformation of the B-pillar in the vehicle collision test,and the appropriate shape and mass of the impact block were selected according to the mass of the vehicle and honeycomb aluminum and the shape of the honeycomb aluminum,the relative height position of the B-pillar and the impact block was adjusted to match the true crash test.Since the B-pillar contains many different materials,multiple strength solder joint failures and multiple materials fracture failures were considered,the solder joint and material failure in the simulation were set according to the ultimate solder joint force between different metallic materials and the ultimate fracture strain of the material.The final result shows that the simulation accurately reproduce the solder joint failure and the sheet fracture failure phenomenon.The simulation analysis also provides a reasonable method for the collision simulation of B-pillar and similar parts,improves the rationality of the simulation.
引文
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[13]王敏,张春,肖海峰,等.高强钢热冲压成形破裂行为的变形速率效应[J].锻压技术,2017,42(1):23-26.WANG Min,ZHANG Chun,XIAO Haifeng,et al.Influences of deformation velocity on fracture behavior of high strength steel in hot stamping forming[J].Forging&Stamping Technology,2017,42(1):23-26.
[2]郭文浩,沈剑平,朱西产,等.基于整车碰撞仿真的B柱零部件试验设计[J].汽车技术,2013,(12):40-45.GUO Wenhao,SHEN Jianping,ZHU Xichan,et al.Component test design and optimization of B-pillar based on vehicle simulation[J].Automobile Technology,2013,(12):40-45.
[3]XU S,DENG X.An evaluation of simplified finite element models for spot-welded joints[J].Finite Elements in Analysis&Design,2004,40(9):1175-1194.
[4]杨济匡,叶映台,彭倩,等.实体单元焊点模型在前纵梁碰撞仿真中的应用[J].吉林大学学报(工学版),2011,41(6):1542-1548.YANG Jikuang,YE Yingtai,PENG Qian,et al.Application of spot weld model using solid element insimulation of front longitudinal beam crash[J].Journal of Jilin University(Engineering and Technology Edition),2011,41(6):1542-1548.
[5]秦雪峰.基于碰撞仿真的车身焊点简化模型研究[D].大连:大连理工大学,2010.QIN Xuefeng.Research on simplified spot weld model of the automotive body based on crashworthiness simulation[D].Dalian:Dalian University of Technology,2010.
[6]XIN L J,MIN J Y,LIN J P,et al.Investigation on the failure mechanism of DP590-22MnB5(quenched)and DP590-DP590spot-welding joints[J].Journal of Iron and Steel Research(International),2011,18(S1):936-940.
[7]CHOI H S,PARK G H,LIM W S,et al.Evaluation of weld ability for resistance spot welded single-lap joint between GA780DP and hot-stamped 22MnB5 steel sheets[J].Journal of Mechanical Science&Technology,2011,25(6):1543-1550.
[8]ZHANG H,WEI A,QIU X,et al.Microstructure and mechanical properties of resistance spot welded dissimilar thickness DP780/DP600 dual-phase steel joints[J].Materials and Design,2014,54(2):443-449.
[9]MARYA M,WANG K,HECTOR L G,et al.Tensile-shear forces and fracture modes in single and multiple weld specimens in dualphase steels[J].Journal of Manufacturing Science&Engineering,2006,128(1):287-298.
[10]许钢碧.DP780高强钢板材温热成形性能的研究[D].南昌:南昌航空大学,2016.XU Gangbi.Study on warm formability of DP780 high strength steel sheets[D].Nanchang:Nanchang Hangkong University,2016.
[11]刘大海,许钢碧,常春.DP780高强钢板温热成形极限图及其计算模型[J].塑性工程学报,2017,24(2):192-197.LIU Dahai,XU Gangbi,CHANG Chun.Forming limit diagram and its calculation model for DP780 high strength steel sheet at elevated temperatures[J].Journal of Plasticity Engineering,2017,24(2):192-197.
[12]杜雪林.双相高强钢板DP780的成形性能与变形速率关系的研究[D].上海:上海工程技术大学,2015.DU Xuelin.Research on the relationship between the forming properties of dual phase high strength steel DP780 and strain rate[D].Shanghai:Shanghai University of Engineering Science,2015.
[13]王敏,张春,肖海峰,等.高强钢热冲压成形破裂行为的变形速率效应[J].锻压技术,2017,42(1):23-26.WANG Min,ZHANG Chun,XIAO Haifeng,et al.Influences of deformation velocity on fracture behavior of high strength steel in hot stamping forming[J].Forging&Stamping Technology,2017,42(1):23-26.