发射率可变的智能热控涂层研究进展
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摘要
热控涂层是一类用于调节固体表面光学、热学性能从而达到热控制目的的功能涂层,是航天器热控系统所采用的一种非常重要的材料。航天器由于任务的多样性及所处环境的复杂性,必然要具备更高程度的智能化。因此,具有质量轻、体积小、功耗低、控制精度高等优点的智能型热控涂层已成为航天器热控领域的主要发展方向之一,在未来航天器上具有广阔的应用前景。本文综述了基于热致变色和电致变色的可变发射率智能热控涂层的基本概念和原理、材料体系、制备方法的研究进展,并阐述了目前存在的问题及未来航天器用智能热控涂层的发展趋势。
Thermal control coatings are one of the greatly important materials used in spacecraft thermal control system which can regulate the optical and thermal properties of solid surfaces to achieve thermal control. In view of the diversity of the task and the complexity of the environment, Spacecraft must have a higher level of intelligence. Therefore, intelligent thermal control coatings, due to their lightness, low energy consumption andhigh precision control, etc., have become one of the main development trends of spacecraft thermal control. Intelligent thermal control coatings have a broad application prospects in the future spacecraft. The basic concepts, principles, materials system and preparation methods of intelligent thermal control coatings based on thermochromism and electro-chromism variable emissivity are reviewed in this paper. The existing problems and development trend of future thermal control coatings are discussed finally.
Thermal control coatings are one of the greatly important materials used in spacecraft thermal control system which can regulate the optical and thermal properties of solid surfaces to achieve thermal control. In view of the diversity of the task and the complexity of the environment, Spacecraft must have a higher level of intelligence. Therefore, intelligent thermal control coatings, due to their lightness, low energy consumption andhigh precision control, etc., have become one of the main development trends of spacecraft thermal control. Intelligent thermal control coatings have a broad application prospects in the future spacecraft. The basic concepts, principles, materials system and preparation methods of intelligent thermal control coatings based on thermochromism and electro-chromism variable emissivity are reviewed in this paper. The existing problems and development trend of future thermal control coatings are discussed finally.
引文
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[5]Ma D,Wang H,Zhang Q,et al.Self-weaving WO3nanoflake film with grratly enhanced electro-chromic performance[J].Journal of Materials Chemistry,2012,22(32):16633-16639.
[6]Zheng F,Guo M,Zhang M.Hydrothermal preparation and optical properties of orientation-controlled WO3nanorod arrays on ITO substrates[J].Cryst.Eng.Comm.,2013,15(2):277-284.
[7]Zhang J,Tu J P,Xia X H,et al.Hydro-thermally synthesized WO3 nanowire arrays with highly improved electro-chromic performance[J].Journal of Materials Chemistry,2011,21(14):5492-5498.
[8]Wu Z,Diao X,Dong G.Preparation and properties of all-solidstate inorganic thin film glass/ITO/WO3/Li Nb O3/Ni Ox/ITO electro-chromic device[J].International Society for Optics and Photonics,2016:979612-979617.
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[13]Patil P S,Mujawar S H,Inamdar A I,et al.Electro-chromic properties of spray deposited Ti O2-doped WO3 thin films[J].Applied Surface Science,2005,250(1):117-123.
[14]Wang Z,Hu X.Electromic properties of Ti O-doped WO3 films spin-coated from Ti-stabilized peroxotungstic acid[J].Eletrochimica Acta,2001,46(13-14):1951-1956.
[15]Fu C,Foo C,Lee P S.One-step facile electrochemical preparation of WO_3/graphenenano-composites with improved electro-chromic properties[J].Electro-chimica Acta,2014,117(4):139-144.
[16]Yao D D,Field M R,Mullane A P,et al.Electro-chromic properties of Ti O2 nanotubes coated electro deposited Mo O3[J].Nano-scale,2013,5(21):10353-10359.
[17]蔡国发.金属氧化物基电致变色薄膜的制备及性能改善[D].浙江大学,2014.
[18]Sonavane A C,Inamdar A I,Dalavi D S,et al.Simple and rapid synthesis of Ni O/PPy thin films with improved electrochromic performance[J].Electro-chimica Acta,2010,55(7):2344-2351.
[19]黄士勇,曲风钦,苗晔,等.全固态电致变色器件工艺技术研究[J].真空科学与技术学报,2001,21(2):170-172.
[20]Wu C H,Qiu J W,Wang J B,et al.Thermo-chromic property of La0.8Sr0.2Mn O3 thin-film material sputtered on quartz glass[J].J.Alloy.Compd.,2010,506(2):22-24.
[21]Liu D Q,Zheng W W,Cheng H F,et al.Thermo-chromic VO2 Thin Film Prepared by Post Annealing Treatment of V2O5Thin Film[J].Advanced Materials Research,2009,79-82:747-750.
[22]Kruzelecky R V,Haddad E,Wong B,et al.Variable emittance thermo-chromic material and satellite system:US,US 7761053 B2[P].2010.
[23]Phan M H,Yu S C.Review of the manetoealoric effect in mnagnaite materials[J].Journal of Magnetism and Magnetie Materials,2007,308:325-340.
[24]Urushibara A,Moritomo Y,Arima T,et al.InsulatorMetal Transition and Giant Magnetoresistance in La1-xSrxMn O3[J].Physical Review B,1995,51(20):14103-14109.
[25]Shimazaki K,Ohnishi A,Nagasaka Y.Development of spectral selective mulilayer film for a variable emittance device and its radiation properties measurements[J].International Journal of Thermo-physics,2003,24(3):757-769.
[26]Shimazaki K,Tachikawa S,Ohnishi A,et al.Temperature dependence of total hemispherical emittance in perovskite-type manganese oxides,La_1-xSrx MnO_3[J].High Temperatures-High Pressures,2001,33(5):525-531.
[27]Ochi A,Mori T,Shimakawa Y,et a1.Variable thermal emittance radiator using metal-insulator phase transition in Lalx Srx Mn O3[J].Japanese journal of applied physics,2002,41(11):7263-7265.
[28]Nagano H,Tachikawa S,Ohnishi A.Passive and Active Thermal control devices-variable emittance radiator and reversible control panel[C]//4th Space and Astronautical Symposium,2004:573-576.
[29]Shimakawa Y,Yoshitake T,Kubo Y,et al.A variableemittance radiator based on a metal–insulator transition of(La,Sr)Mn O3 thin films[J].Applied Physics Letters,2002,80(25):4864-4866.
[30]郑勤,江伟辉,于云,等.涂料型La_(1-x)Sr_xMn O_3智能热控涂层的研究[J].无机材料学报,2012,27(3):245-248.
[31]纪元.镧系钙钛矿氧化物涂层的制备工艺与电性能研究[D].山东大学,2012.
[32]郭丽,范德松,李强,等.低温固化热致变色涂层辐射特性[J].科学通报,2017,62(5):432-438.
[33]Shiota T,Mori Y,Sugiyama J,et al.Preparation of(La1-xSrx)Mn O3-δ,thin films on Si(100)substrates by a metal-organic decomposition method for smart radiation devices[J].Thin Solid Films,2017,626:154-158.
[34]Fan D S,Li Q,Yi M X,et al.Thermal radiation from silicon micro-cavity coated with thermal-chromic film[J].Solar Energy Materials and Solar Cells,2016,144:331-338.
[35]Ye S L,Song W H,Dai J M,et al.Large room-temperature and phase separation in La1-xNaxMn O3 with 0.1≤x≤0.3.Journal of Applied Physics,2001,90(6):2943-2948.
[36]申星梅.掺杂型镧锰氧化物的制备及其红外发射率研究[D].南京航空航天大学,2010.
[37]Ammar M R,Napierala C,Laffez P.Infrared thermo-chromic behaviour of a composite Sm_0.65Ca_0.35MnO_3-poly(styrene-coacrylonitrile)film[J].Smart Materials&Structures,2009,18(5):550-559.
[38]Tachikawa S,Shimazaki K,Ohnishi A,et al.Smart Radiation Device based on a perovskite manganese oxide[C]//Materials in a Space Environment,2003:41-47.
[39]范德松,李强,宣益民.航天用热致变色材料低太阳吸收率研究[J].工程热物理学报,2012,33(6):1016-1018.
[40]范德松.基于热致变色原理的表面热辐射特性及其控制方法研究[D].南京理工大学,2013.
[41]Tachikawa S,Ohnishi A,Shimazaki K,et al.Design and Ground Test Results of a Variable Emittance Radiator[C]//International Conference On Environmental Systems,2000:8-13.
[42]Sahu D R,Mishra D K,Hung S H,et al.La 0.67Ca 0.33Mn O3,thin films on Si(100)by DC magnetron sputtering technique using nano-sized powder compacted target[J].Materials Research Bulletin,2007,42(6):1119-1127.
[43]Heinrich A,H?rner A L,Wixforth A,et al.Pulsed laser deposition of La 0.67Ca0.33 Mn O3,thin films on Li Nb O3,and surface acoustic wave studies[J].Thin Solid Films,2006,510(1-2):77-81.
[44]Zhang J,Wang X L,Xia X H,et al.Enhanced electrochromic performance of macroporous WO3,films formed by anodic oxidation of DC-sputtered tungsten layers[J].Electrochimica Acta,2010,55(23):6953-6958.
[45]Rougier A,Sauvet K,Sauques L.Electro-chromic materials from the visible to the infrared region:an example WO3[J].Ionics,2008,14(2):99-105.
[46]Huang Y S,Zhang Y Z,Zeng X T,et al.Study on Raman spectra of electro-chromic c-WO3,films and their infrared emittance modulation characteristics[J].Applied Surface Science,2002,202(1-2):104-109.
[47]Yang L,Ge D,Zhao J,et al.Improved electro-chromic performance of ordered macroporous tungsten oxide films for IR electro-chromic device[J].Solar Energy Materials&Solar Cells,2012,100(4):251-257.
[48]Granqvist C G.Handbook of inorganic electro-chromic materials[M].Elsevier,1995.
[49]夏雨淳.微结构表面热致变色薄膜的制备与辐射特性研究[D].南京理工大学,2015.
[50]Shimazaki K,Tachikawa S,Ohnishi A,et al.Temperature dependence of total hemispherical emittance in perovskite-type manganese oxides,La_1-xSrxMnO_3[J].High Temperatures-High Pressures,2001,33(5):525-531.
[2]Avendano E,Berggren L,Niklasson G A,et al.Electrochromic materials and devices:Brief survey and new data on optical absorption in tungsten oxide and nickel oxide films[J].Thin Solid Films,2006,496(1):30-36.
[3]Tachikawa S,Ohnishi A,Shimakawa Y,et al.Development of a variable emittance radiator based on a perovskite manganese oxide[J].Journal of Thermo-physics and Heat Transfer,2003,17(2):264-268.
[4]Zheng F,Zhang M,Guo M.Controllable preparation of WO3nanorod arrays by hydrothermal method[J].Thin Solid Film,2013,534:45-53.
[5]Ma D,Wang H,Zhang Q,et al.Self-weaving WO3nanoflake film with grratly enhanced electro-chromic performance[J].Journal of Materials Chemistry,2012,22(32):16633-16639.
[6]Zheng F,Guo M,Zhang M.Hydrothermal preparation and optical properties of orientation-controlled WO3nanorod arrays on ITO substrates[J].Cryst.Eng.Comm.,2013,15(2):277-284.
[7]Zhang J,Tu J P,Xia X H,et al.Hydro-thermally synthesized WO3 nanowire arrays with highly improved electro-chromic performance[J].Journal of Materials Chemistry,2011,21(14):5492-5498.
[8]Wu Z,Diao X,Dong G.Preparation and properties of all-solidstate inorganic thin film glass/ITO/WO3/Li Nb O3/Ni Ox/ITO electro-chromic device[J].International Society for Optics and Photonics,2016:979612-979617.
[9]何延春,邱家稳,许旻,等.电致变色热控薄膜的制备与性能[C]//真空冶金与表面工程学术会议,2009.
[10]Chandrasekhar P,Zay B J,Birur G C,et al.Large,Switchable Electro-chromism in the Visible Through FarInfrared in Conducting Polymer Devices[J].Advanced Functional Materials,2002,12(2):95-103.
[11]Chandrasekhar P,Dooley T J.Far-IR transparency and dynamic infrared signature control with novel conducting polymer systems[C]//SPIE's 1995 International Symposium on Optical Science,Engineering,and Instrumentation,International Society for Optics and Photonics,1995:169-180.
[12]Chandrasekhar P,Zay B J,Mc Queeney T,et al.Conducting polymer(CP)infrared electro-chromics in spacecraft thermal control andmilitary applications[J].Synthetic metals,2003,135(881):23-24.
[13]Patil P S,Mujawar S H,Inamdar A I,et al.Electro-chromic properties of spray deposited Ti O2-doped WO3 thin films[J].Applied Surface Science,2005,250(1):117-123.
[14]Wang Z,Hu X.Electromic properties of Ti O-doped WO3 films spin-coated from Ti-stabilized peroxotungstic acid[J].Eletrochimica Acta,2001,46(13-14):1951-1956.
[15]Fu C,Foo C,Lee P S.One-step facile electrochemical preparation of WO_3/graphenenano-composites with improved electro-chromic properties[J].Electro-chimica Acta,2014,117(4):139-144.
[16]Yao D D,Field M R,Mullane A P,et al.Electro-chromic properties of Ti O2 nanotubes coated electro deposited Mo O3[J].Nano-scale,2013,5(21):10353-10359.
[17]蔡国发.金属氧化物基电致变色薄膜的制备及性能改善[D].浙江大学,2014.
[18]Sonavane A C,Inamdar A I,Dalavi D S,et al.Simple and rapid synthesis of Ni O/PPy thin films with improved electrochromic performance[J].Electro-chimica Acta,2010,55(7):2344-2351.
[19]黄士勇,曲风钦,苗晔,等.全固态电致变色器件工艺技术研究[J].真空科学与技术学报,2001,21(2):170-172.
[20]Wu C H,Qiu J W,Wang J B,et al.Thermo-chromic property of La0.8Sr0.2Mn O3 thin-film material sputtered on quartz glass[J].J.Alloy.Compd.,2010,506(2):22-24.
[21]Liu D Q,Zheng W W,Cheng H F,et al.Thermo-chromic VO2 Thin Film Prepared by Post Annealing Treatment of V2O5Thin Film[J].Advanced Materials Research,2009,79-82:747-750.
[22]Kruzelecky R V,Haddad E,Wong B,et al.Variable emittance thermo-chromic material and satellite system:US,US 7761053 B2[P].2010.
[23]Phan M H,Yu S C.Review of the manetoealoric effect in mnagnaite materials[J].Journal of Magnetism and Magnetie Materials,2007,308:325-340.
[24]Urushibara A,Moritomo Y,Arima T,et al.InsulatorMetal Transition and Giant Magnetoresistance in La1-xSrxMn O3[J].Physical Review B,1995,51(20):14103-14109.
[25]Shimazaki K,Ohnishi A,Nagasaka Y.Development of spectral selective mulilayer film for a variable emittance device and its radiation properties measurements[J].International Journal of Thermo-physics,2003,24(3):757-769.
[26]Shimazaki K,Tachikawa S,Ohnishi A,et al.Temperature dependence of total hemispherical emittance in perovskite-type manganese oxides,La_1-xSrx MnO_3[J].High Temperatures-High Pressures,2001,33(5):525-531.
[27]Ochi A,Mori T,Shimakawa Y,et a1.Variable thermal emittance radiator using metal-insulator phase transition in Lalx Srx Mn O3[J].Japanese journal of applied physics,2002,41(11):7263-7265.
[28]Nagano H,Tachikawa S,Ohnishi A.Passive and Active Thermal control devices-variable emittance radiator and reversible control panel[C]//4th Space and Astronautical Symposium,2004:573-576.
[29]Shimakawa Y,Yoshitake T,Kubo Y,et al.A variableemittance radiator based on a metal–insulator transition of(La,Sr)Mn O3 thin films[J].Applied Physics Letters,2002,80(25):4864-4866.
[30]郑勤,江伟辉,于云,等.涂料型La_(1-x)Sr_xMn O_3智能热控涂层的研究[J].无机材料学报,2012,27(3):245-248.
[31]纪元.镧系钙钛矿氧化物涂层的制备工艺与电性能研究[D].山东大学,2012.
[32]郭丽,范德松,李强,等.低温固化热致变色涂层辐射特性[J].科学通报,2017,62(5):432-438.
[33]Shiota T,Mori Y,Sugiyama J,et al.Preparation of(La1-xSrx)Mn O3-δ,thin films on Si(100)substrates by a metal-organic decomposition method for smart radiation devices[J].Thin Solid Films,2017,626:154-158.
[34]Fan D S,Li Q,Yi M X,et al.Thermal radiation from silicon micro-cavity coated with thermal-chromic film[J].Solar Energy Materials and Solar Cells,2016,144:331-338.
[35]Ye S L,Song W H,Dai J M,et al.Large room-temperature and phase separation in La1-xNaxMn O3 with 0.1≤x≤0.3.Journal of Applied Physics,2001,90(6):2943-2948.
[36]申星梅.掺杂型镧锰氧化物的制备及其红外发射率研究[D].南京航空航天大学,2010.
[37]Ammar M R,Napierala C,Laffez P.Infrared thermo-chromic behaviour of a composite Sm_0.65Ca_0.35MnO_3-poly(styrene-coacrylonitrile)film[J].Smart Materials&Structures,2009,18(5):550-559.
[38]Tachikawa S,Shimazaki K,Ohnishi A,et al.Smart Radiation Device based on a perovskite manganese oxide[C]//Materials in a Space Environment,2003:41-47.
[39]范德松,李强,宣益民.航天用热致变色材料低太阳吸收率研究[J].工程热物理学报,2012,33(6):1016-1018.
[40]范德松.基于热致变色原理的表面热辐射特性及其控制方法研究[D].南京理工大学,2013.
[41]Tachikawa S,Ohnishi A,Shimazaki K,et al.Design and Ground Test Results of a Variable Emittance Radiator[C]//International Conference On Environmental Systems,2000:8-13.
[42]Sahu D R,Mishra D K,Hung S H,et al.La 0.67Ca 0.33Mn O3,thin films on Si(100)by DC magnetron sputtering technique using nano-sized powder compacted target[J].Materials Research Bulletin,2007,42(6):1119-1127.
[43]Heinrich A,H?rner A L,Wixforth A,et al.Pulsed laser deposition of La 0.67Ca0.33 Mn O3,thin films on Li Nb O3,and surface acoustic wave studies[J].Thin Solid Films,2006,510(1-2):77-81.
[44]Zhang J,Wang X L,Xia X H,et al.Enhanced electrochromic performance of macroporous WO3,films formed by anodic oxidation of DC-sputtered tungsten layers[J].Electrochimica Acta,2010,55(23):6953-6958.
[45]Rougier A,Sauvet K,Sauques L.Electro-chromic materials from the visible to the infrared region:an example WO3[J].Ionics,2008,14(2):99-105.
[46]Huang Y S,Zhang Y Z,Zeng X T,et al.Study on Raman spectra of electro-chromic c-WO3,films and their infrared emittance modulation characteristics[J].Applied Surface Science,2002,202(1-2):104-109.
[47]Yang L,Ge D,Zhao J,et al.Improved electro-chromic performance of ordered macroporous tungsten oxide films for IR electro-chromic device[J].Solar Energy Materials&Solar Cells,2012,100(4):251-257.
[48]Granqvist C G.Handbook of inorganic electro-chromic materials[M].Elsevier,1995.
[49]夏雨淳.微结构表面热致变色薄膜的制备与辐射特性研究[D].南京理工大学,2015.
[50]Shimazaki K,Tachikawa S,Ohnishi A,et al.Temperature dependence of total hemispherical emittance in perovskite-type manganese oxides,La_1-xSrxMnO_3[J].High Temperatures-High Pressures,2001,33(5):525-531.