基于热模拟实验的泥页岩黏土矿物演化及成岩阶段划分
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摘要
目前成岩作用研究主要集中于砂岩及碳酸盐岩,对泥页岩本身成岩作用及阶段划分的研究较少。随着页岩气研究的兴起,泥页岩成岩作用逐渐受到科研工作者的重视,因此,基于泥岩样品的热模拟实验,对不同演化阶段的样品分别进行X衍射分析、镜质体反射率(R_o)测试、岩石热解(T_(max))分析,应用测试及分析结果进行泥页岩黏土矿物演化的定量表征,并划分泥页岩成岩阶段,为泥页岩储层评价提供参考。研究结果表明,随着泥页岩成岩作用的进行,黏土矿物演化主要表现为高岭石向伊利石和伊/蒙(I/S)混层转化,可将泥页岩成岩作用划分为六个阶段,每个阶段对应的R_o、T_(max)临界值大于砂岩成岩作用相应的R_o、T_(max)临界值。
At present,the diagenesis is mainly focused on sandstone and carbonate rock,and little research has been done on diagenesis and stage division of mud shale. With the development of shale gas research,mud shale diagenesis has attracted the attention of more and more scientific researchers. Therefore,the thermal simulation experiment of the mudstone samples were implemented in the study,and during the experiment,the X-ray diffraction analysis,vitrinite reflectance( R_o) measurement and rock pyrolysis( T_(max)) analysis accomplished. The quantitative characterization of clay mineral evolution and the division of diagenesis stages were completed based on the above experimental results,and the study mainly provides reference for the reservoir evaluation of mud shale. The results show that with the diagenesis of clay shale,the evolution of clay minerals mainly manifested by the conversion of kaolinite into illite and I/S mixed layers. The diagenesis of shale can be divided into six stages and the critical values of R_o and T_(max) are larger than sandstone corresponding to each stage.
At present,the diagenesis is mainly focused on sandstone and carbonate rock,and little research has been done on diagenesis and stage division of mud shale. With the development of shale gas research,mud shale diagenesis has attracted the attention of more and more scientific researchers. Therefore,the thermal simulation experiment of the mudstone samples were implemented in the study,and during the experiment,the X-ray diffraction analysis,vitrinite reflectance( R_o) measurement and rock pyrolysis( T_(max)) analysis accomplished. The quantitative characterization of clay mineral evolution and the division of diagenesis stages were completed based on the above experimental results,and the study mainly provides reference for the reservoir evaluation of mud shale. The results show that with the diagenesis of clay shale,the evolution of clay minerals mainly manifested by the conversion of kaolinite into illite and I/S mixed layers. The diagenesis of shale can be divided into six stages and the critical values of R_o and T_(max) are larger than sandstone corresponding to each stage.
引文
1王琪,禚喜准,陈国俊,等.鄂尔多斯西部长6砂岩成岩演化与优质储层.石油学报,2005;26(5):17-23Wang Qi,Zhuo Xizhun,Chen Guojun,et al.Diagenetic evolution and high-quality reservoir in Chang 6 sandstone in the western Ordos Basin.Acta Petrolei Sinica,2005;26(5):17-23
2 Rogers S M.Deposition and diagenesis of Mississippian chat reservoirs,north-central Oklahoma.American Association of Petroleum Geologists Bulletin,2001;85(1):115-129
3于兴河.油气储层地质学基础.北京:石油工业出版社,2009:218-222Yu Xinghe.Basic of petroleum reservoir geology.Beijing:Petroleum Industry Press,2009:218-222
4应凤祥,罗平,何东博,等.中国含油气盆地碎屑岩储集层成岩作用与成岩数值模拟.北京:石油工业出版社,2004:31-36Ying Fengxiang,Luo Ping,He Dongbo,et al.Diagenetic and diagenetic numerical simulation of clastic rock in China oil and gas basin.Beijing:Petroleum Industry Press,2004:31-36
5佩蒂庄F.J.沉积岩.李汉瑜,徐怀大,译.北京:石油工业出版社,1981:254-260Pettijohn F J.Sedimentary rock.Li Hanyu,Xu Huaida,translated.Beijing:Petroleum Industry Press,1981:254-260
6奇林格G V.碳酸盐岩.冯增昭,译.北京:石油化工出版社,1978:30-31Chilingar G V.Carbonate rock.Feng Zengzhao,translated.Beijing:Petroleum Industry Press,1978:30-31
7 Kossovskaya A G,Shutov V D.Main aspects of the epigenesist problem.Sedimentology,2010;15(15):11-40
8夏文杰,李秀华.沉积成岩作用阶段划分的有关问题.地质论评,1995;41(5):444-451Xia Wenjie,Li Xiuhua.A review of the classification of diagenesis.Geological Review,1995;41(5):444-451
9沃克马·施密特,戴维A·麦克唐纳.砂岩成岩过程中的次生储集孔隙.陈荷立,汤锡元,译.北京:石油工业出版社,1982:1-30Schmidt V,Mc Donald D A.Secondary reservoir porosity in the course of sandstone diagenesis.Chen Heli,Tang Xiyuan,translated.Beijing:Petroleum Industry Press,1982:1-30
10刘宝珺,张锦泉.沉积成岩作用.北京:科学出版社,1992:2-14Liu Baojun,Zhang Jinquan.Sedimentary diagenesis.Beijing:Science Press,1992:2-14
11纪友亮.油气储层地质学.2版.东营:中国石油大学出版社,2009:63-72Ji Youliang.Petroleum reservoir geology.2nd ed.Dongying:China University of Petroleum Press,2009:63-72
12 Bowker K A.Barnett shale gas production,Fort Worth Basin:Issues and discussion.American Association of Petroleum Geologists Bulletin,2007;91(4):523-533
13 Ross D J K,Bustin R M.Characterizing the shale gas resource potential of Devonian-Mississippian strata in the Western Canada sedimentary basin:Application of an integrated formation evaluation.American Association of Petroleum Geologists Bulletin,2008;92(1):87-125
14 Horsfield B,Schulz H M.Shale gas exploration and exploitation.Marine and Petroleum Geology,2012;31(1):1-2
15贾承造,郑民,张永峰.中国非常规油气资源与勘探开发前景.石油勘探与开发,2012;39(2):129-136Jia Chengzao,Zheng Min,Zhang Yongfeng.Unconventional hydrocarbon resource in China and the prospect of exploration and development.Petroleum Exploration and Development,2012;39(2):129-136
16张金川,徐波,聂海宽,等.中国页岩气资源勘探潜力.天然气工业,2008;28(6):136-140Zhang Jinchuan,Xu Bo,Nie Haikuan,et al.The exploration potential of shale gas resources in China.Natural Gas Industry,2008;28(6):136-140
17邹才能,董大忠,王社教,等.中国页岩气形成机理、地质特征及资源潜力.石油勘探与开发,2010;37(6):641-653Zou Caineng,Dong Dazhong,Wang Shejiao,et al.Geological chracteristics,formation mechanism and resource potential of shale gas in China.Petroleum Exploration and Development,2010;37(6):641-653
18 Hao F,Zou H,Lu Y.Mechanisms of shale gas storage:Implications for shale gas exploration in China.American Association of Petroleum Geologists Bulletin,2013;97(8):1325-1346
19范文斐,侯读杰,梁钰.中国南方页岩气牛蹄塘组与龙马溪组成藏条件对比研究-以渝东南地区为例.科学技术与工程,2015;15(27):13-22Fan Wenfei,Hou Dujie,Liang Yu.Comparative study on reservoir forming conditions between Niutitang and Longmaxi Formation of shale gas in South China:Taking southeast Chongqing area for example.Science Technology and Engineering,2015;15(27):13-22
20冯小龙,敖卫华.鄂尔多斯盆地中生界页岩气形成条件及勘探潜力.科学技术与工程,2017;17(14):131-140Feng Xiaolong,Ao Weihua.Shale gas accumulation condition and exploration potential of Mesozoic in Ordos Basin.Science Technology and Engineering,2017;17(14):131-140
21潘涛,杨宝刚,高铁成,等.海相页岩有利储集条件分析-以四川盆地长宁区块龙马溪组为例.科学技术与工程,2016;16(20):37-46Pan Tao,Yang Baogang,Gao Tiecheng,et al.The analysis for Sichuan Basin Changning Block Longmaxi shale reservoirs favorable conditions.Science Technology and Engineering,2016;16(20):37-46
22孟元林,周玥,付静茹,等.歧南凹陷下第三系成岩阶段划分.地学前缘,2004;11(1)Meng Yuanlin,Zhou Yue,Fu Jingru,et al.The diagenetic stages division of Lower Tertiary in Qinan Sag.Geoscience Frontiers,2004;11(1)
23张琴,朱筱敏,董国栋,等.苏北盆地金湖凹陷戴南组成岩阶段划分及其油气地质意义.石油实验地质,2013;35(1):53-59Zhang Qin,Zhu Xiaomin,Dong Guodong,et al.Diagenesis stage division and petroleum geologic significances of Dainan Formation in Jinhu Sag,Northern Jiangsu Basin.Petroleum Geology and Experiment,2013;35(1):53-59
24何东博,应凤祥,郑浚茂,等.碎屑岩成岩作用数值模拟及其应用.石油勘探与开发,2004;31(6):66-68He Dongbo,Ying Fengxiang,Zheng Junmao,et al.Numerical simulation of clastic diagenesis and its application.Petroleum Exploration and Development,2004;31(6):66-68
25 Taylor T R,Giles M R,Hathon L A,et al.Sandstone diagenesis and reservoir quality prediction:Models,myths,and reality.American Association of Petroleum Geologists Bulletin,2010;94(8):1093-1132
26 Connan J.Time-temperature relation in oil genesis.American Association of Petroleum Geologists Bulletin,1976;58(12):2516-2521
27 Waples D.Time and temperature in petroleum formation:Application of Lopatin's Method to petroleum exploration.American Association of Petroleum Geologists Bulletin,1980;64(6):228-235
28 Mastalerz M,Schimmelmann A,Drobniak A,et al.Porosity of Devonian and Mississippian New Albany Shale across a maturation gradient:Insights from organic petrology,gas adsorption,and mercury intrusion.American Association of Petroleum Geologists Bulletin,2013;97(10):1621-1643
29 Chen J,Xiao X.Evolution of nanoporosity in organic-rich shales during thermal maturation.Fuel,2014;129(4):173-181
30 Chalmers G R L,Bustin R M.Lower Cretaceous gas shales in northeastern British Columbia,Part I:Geological controls on methane sorption capacity.Bulletin of Canadian Petroleum Geology,2008;56(1):1-21
31侯读杰,冯子辉.油气地球化学.北京:石油工业出版社,2011:79-82Hou Dujie,Feng Zihui.Oil and gas geochemistry.Beijing:Petroleum Industry Press,2011:79-82
32 Banerjee A,Sinha A K,Jain A K,et al.A mathematical representation of Rock-Eval hydrogen index vs Tmax,profiles.Organic Geochemistry,1998;28(1-2):43-55
33 Sykes R,Snowdon L R.Guidelines for assessing the petroleum potential of coaly source rocks using Rock-Eval pyrolysis.Organic Geochemistry,2002;33(12):1441-1455
2 Rogers S M.Deposition and diagenesis of Mississippian chat reservoirs,north-central Oklahoma.American Association of Petroleum Geologists Bulletin,2001;85(1):115-129
3于兴河.油气储层地质学基础.北京:石油工业出版社,2009:218-222Yu Xinghe.Basic of petroleum reservoir geology.Beijing:Petroleum Industry Press,2009:218-222
4应凤祥,罗平,何东博,等.中国含油气盆地碎屑岩储集层成岩作用与成岩数值模拟.北京:石油工业出版社,2004:31-36Ying Fengxiang,Luo Ping,He Dongbo,et al.Diagenetic and diagenetic numerical simulation of clastic rock in China oil and gas basin.Beijing:Petroleum Industry Press,2004:31-36
5佩蒂庄F.J.沉积岩.李汉瑜,徐怀大,译.北京:石油工业出版社,1981:254-260Pettijohn F J.Sedimentary rock.Li Hanyu,Xu Huaida,translated.Beijing:Petroleum Industry Press,1981:254-260
6奇林格G V.碳酸盐岩.冯增昭,译.北京:石油化工出版社,1978:30-31Chilingar G V.Carbonate rock.Feng Zengzhao,translated.Beijing:Petroleum Industry Press,1978:30-31
7 Kossovskaya A G,Shutov V D.Main aspects of the epigenesist problem.Sedimentology,2010;15(15):11-40
8夏文杰,李秀华.沉积成岩作用阶段划分的有关问题.地质论评,1995;41(5):444-451Xia Wenjie,Li Xiuhua.A review of the classification of diagenesis.Geological Review,1995;41(5):444-451
9沃克马·施密特,戴维A·麦克唐纳.砂岩成岩过程中的次生储集孔隙.陈荷立,汤锡元,译.北京:石油工业出版社,1982:1-30Schmidt V,Mc Donald D A.Secondary reservoir porosity in the course of sandstone diagenesis.Chen Heli,Tang Xiyuan,translated.Beijing:Petroleum Industry Press,1982:1-30
10刘宝珺,张锦泉.沉积成岩作用.北京:科学出版社,1992:2-14Liu Baojun,Zhang Jinquan.Sedimentary diagenesis.Beijing:Science Press,1992:2-14
11纪友亮.油气储层地质学.2版.东营:中国石油大学出版社,2009:63-72Ji Youliang.Petroleum reservoir geology.2nd ed.Dongying:China University of Petroleum Press,2009:63-72
12 Bowker K A.Barnett shale gas production,Fort Worth Basin:Issues and discussion.American Association of Petroleum Geologists Bulletin,2007;91(4):523-533
13 Ross D J K,Bustin R M.Characterizing the shale gas resource potential of Devonian-Mississippian strata in the Western Canada sedimentary basin:Application of an integrated formation evaluation.American Association of Petroleum Geologists Bulletin,2008;92(1):87-125
14 Horsfield B,Schulz H M.Shale gas exploration and exploitation.Marine and Petroleum Geology,2012;31(1):1-2
15贾承造,郑民,张永峰.中国非常规油气资源与勘探开发前景.石油勘探与开发,2012;39(2):129-136Jia Chengzao,Zheng Min,Zhang Yongfeng.Unconventional hydrocarbon resource in China and the prospect of exploration and development.Petroleum Exploration and Development,2012;39(2):129-136
16张金川,徐波,聂海宽,等.中国页岩气资源勘探潜力.天然气工业,2008;28(6):136-140Zhang Jinchuan,Xu Bo,Nie Haikuan,et al.The exploration potential of shale gas resources in China.Natural Gas Industry,2008;28(6):136-140
17邹才能,董大忠,王社教,等.中国页岩气形成机理、地质特征及资源潜力.石油勘探与开发,2010;37(6):641-653Zou Caineng,Dong Dazhong,Wang Shejiao,et al.Geological chracteristics,formation mechanism and resource potential of shale gas in China.Petroleum Exploration and Development,2010;37(6):641-653
18 Hao F,Zou H,Lu Y.Mechanisms of shale gas storage:Implications for shale gas exploration in China.American Association of Petroleum Geologists Bulletin,2013;97(8):1325-1346
19范文斐,侯读杰,梁钰.中国南方页岩气牛蹄塘组与龙马溪组成藏条件对比研究-以渝东南地区为例.科学技术与工程,2015;15(27):13-22Fan Wenfei,Hou Dujie,Liang Yu.Comparative study on reservoir forming conditions between Niutitang and Longmaxi Formation of shale gas in South China:Taking southeast Chongqing area for example.Science Technology and Engineering,2015;15(27):13-22
20冯小龙,敖卫华.鄂尔多斯盆地中生界页岩气形成条件及勘探潜力.科学技术与工程,2017;17(14):131-140Feng Xiaolong,Ao Weihua.Shale gas accumulation condition and exploration potential of Mesozoic in Ordos Basin.Science Technology and Engineering,2017;17(14):131-140
21潘涛,杨宝刚,高铁成,等.海相页岩有利储集条件分析-以四川盆地长宁区块龙马溪组为例.科学技术与工程,2016;16(20):37-46Pan Tao,Yang Baogang,Gao Tiecheng,et al.The analysis for Sichuan Basin Changning Block Longmaxi shale reservoirs favorable conditions.Science Technology and Engineering,2016;16(20):37-46
22孟元林,周玥,付静茹,等.歧南凹陷下第三系成岩阶段划分.地学前缘,2004;11(1)Meng Yuanlin,Zhou Yue,Fu Jingru,et al.The diagenetic stages division of Lower Tertiary in Qinan Sag.Geoscience Frontiers,2004;11(1)
23张琴,朱筱敏,董国栋,等.苏北盆地金湖凹陷戴南组成岩阶段划分及其油气地质意义.石油实验地质,2013;35(1):53-59Zhang Qin,Zhu Xiaomin,Dong Guodong,et al.Diagenesis stage division and petroleum geologic significances of Dainan Formation in Jinhu Sag,Northern Jiangsu Basin.Petroleum Geology and Experiment,2013;35(1):53-59
24何东博,应凤祥,郑浚茂,等.碎屑岩成岩作用数值模拟及其应用.石油勘探与开发,2004;31(6):66-68He Dongbo,Ying Fengxiang,Zheng Junmao,et al.Numerical simulation of clastic diagenesis and its application.Petroleum Exploration and Development,2004;31(6):66-68
25 Taylor T R,Giles M R,Hathon L A,et al.Sandstone diagenesis and reservoir quality prediction:Models,myths,and reality.American Association of Petroleum Geologists Bulletin,2010;94(8):1093-1132
26 Connan J.Time-temperature relation in oil genesis.American Association of Petroleum Geologists Bulletin,1976;58(12):2516-2521
27 Waples D.Time and temperature in petroleum formation:Application of Lopatin's Method to petroleum exploration.American Association of Petroleum Geologists Bulletin,1980;64(6):228-235
28 Mastalerz M,Schimmelmann A,Drobniak A,et al.Porosity of Devonian and Mississippian New Albany Shale across a maturation gradient:Insights from organic petrology,gas adsorption,and mercury intrusion.American Association of Petroleum Geologists Bulletin,2013;97(10):1621-1643
29 Chen J,Xiao X.Evolution of nanoporosity in organic-rich shales during thermal maturation.Fuel,2014;129(4):173-181
30 Chalmers G R L,Bustin R M.Lower Cretaceous gas shales in northeastern British Columbia,Part I:Geological controls on methane sorption capacity.Bulletin of Canadian Petroleum Geology,2008;56(1):1-21
31侯读杰,冯子辉.油气地球化学.北京:石油工业出版社,2011:79-82Hou Dujie,Feng Zihui.Oil and gas geochemistry.Beijing:Petroleum Industry Press,2011:79-82
32 Banerjee A,Sinha A K,Jain A K,et al.A mathematical representation of Rock-Eval hydrogen index vs Tmax,profiles.Organic Geochemistry,1998;28(1-2):43-55
33 Sykes R,Snowdon L R.Guidelines for assessing the petroleum potential of coaly source rocks using Rock-Eval pyrolysis.Organic Geochemistry,2002;33(12):1441-1455