隔热保温防磨油管在高含蜡油井的应用
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摘要
常规的高含蜡油井化学(微生物)、热洗、机械、电热等清防蜡方式,已取得了较大的进步和发展,前沿清防蜡方式正在尝试,不同材料的保温隔热油管能起到清防蜡、降凝效果已被矿场试验所证实,但均没有实现油井清防蜡与地面集油方式联作。由普通油管、35CrMo内管、隔热层、35CrMo密封套、四氟胶套、真空密封套、油管接箍等组成的隔热保温防磨油管,其隔热保温层可阻滞原油携带的地层热能在举升过程中的散失,保证举升沿程和井口温度大于原油析蜡点温度,起清防蜡作用;经冷轧加工和中频调质处理35CrMo合金内管,具有防磨防腐的功能。现场16口油井应用后,井口温度平均提高21.37℃,单井平均日耗电降低23.58 kWh,抽油机最大悬点载荷平均降低10.27 kN,免去了油井化学清防蜡和热洗清蜡措施,油井杆管偏磨得到缓解,单井集油由三管拌热向单管集油模式的转变。实现了"一管多功能",整个系统采油工艺、地面集输的传统工艺得到最大限度的简化。
Conventional paraffin cleaning methods such as chemical(microorganism), heat washing, mechanical and electrothermal cleaning methods have made great progress and development; frontier wax-cleaning and anti-waxing methods are being tried; heat insulation tubing of different materials can clear and prevent wax. The anticoagulant effect has been proved by field test, but neither of them has realized the combination of oil well cleaning and preventing wax and surface oil gathering. The heat insulation and wear resistant oil pipe composed of ordinary oil pipe 35 CrMo inner pipe, heat insulating layer 35 CrMo seal sleeve, tetrafluoroethylene rubber sleeve, vacuum seal sleeve, oil pipe coupling, etc. Its insulation layer can block the loss of formation heat energy carried by crude oil during lifting process. The lifting edge and wellhead temperature are higher than that of crude oil waxing point temperature, which has the function of anti-wear and anticorrosion after cold rolling and medium frequency tempering treatment of 35 CrMo alloy inner pipe. After the application of 16 oil wells, the wellhead temperature is increased by 21.37 ℃, the average daily power consumption of single well is reduced by 23.58 kW · h. the average maximum suspended load of pumping unit is reduced by 10.27 kN, and the chemical and thermal cleaning measures are eliminated, and the partial wear of rod and pipe is alleviated. The change of single well oil gathering mode from three-tube mixing heat to single-tube oil gathering. The "one pipe multifunction" is realized, and the traditional technology of oil recovery and ground gathering and transportation is simplified to the maximum extent.
Conventional paraffin cleaning methods such as chemical(microorganism), heat washing, mechanical and electrothermal cleaning methods have made great progress and development; frontier wax-cleaning and anti-waxing methods are being tried; heat insulation tubing of different materials can clear and prevent wax. The anticoagulant effect has been proved by field test, but neither of them has realized the combination of oil well cleaning and preventing wax and surface oil gathering. The heat insulation and wear resistant oil pipe composed of ordinary oil pipe 35 CrMo inner pipe, heat insulating layer 35 CrMo seal sleeve, tetrafluoroethylene rubber sleeve, vacuum seal sleeve, oil pipe coupling, etc. Its insulation layer can block the loss of formation heat energy carried by crude oil during lifting process. The lifting edge and wellhead temperature are higher than that of crude oil waxing point temperature, which has the function of anti-wear and anticorrosion after cold rolling and medium frequency tempering treatment of 35 CrMo alloy inner pipe. After the application of 16 oil wells, the wellhead temperature is increased by 21.37 ℃, the average daily power consumption of single well is reduced by 23.58 kW · h. the average maximum suspended load of pumping unit is reduced by 10.27 kN, and the chemical and thermal cleaning measures are eliminated, and the partial wear of rod and pipe is alleviated. The change of single well oil gathering mode from three-tube mixing heat to single-tube oil gathering. The "one pipe multifunction" is realized, and the traditional technology of oil recovery and ground gathering and transportation is simplified to the maximum extent.
引文
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[3]杨万有,李昂,郑春峰,等.动态结蜡剖面评价试验装置设计与建设[J].石油机械,2017,45(10):111-115.
[4]张淑卿,李福进,李学刚.油井清蜡用智能点滴加液装置[J].石油机械,2008,36(3):58-60.
[5]吉效科,许丽.基于物联网技术的智能油井清蜡系统开发与应用[J].自动化博览,2017(11):80-83.
[6]王秉渊,戚正风,付吉如.油管隔热保温的探讨[J].石油钻采工艺,1984,4(4):51-56.
[7]麦瑞天.高凝点原油探井侧试中保温油管下深的确定[J].石油钻采工艺,1989,9(1):37-42.
[8]白健华,刘义刚,吴华晓,等.海上高含蜡油田隔热油管防蜡优化设计[J].长江大学学报(自科版),2015,12(35):71-74.
[9]曹俊杰,李国栋,孙凤合.一种油井用隔热保温防磨油管:201610255875.5[P].2018-05-04.
[10]刘兴仁,刘悦.一种耐磨、内衬耐压、防腐、纳米隔热复合油管:201610659765.5[P].2018-02-02.
[11]付亚荣,张以明,马永忠.确定保温隔热油管井筒的温度分布的方法及装置:2016108494988[P].2017-02-15.