热能储存材料承载体钎焊
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摘要
从传统能源储量有限的大背景出发,简述了太阳能的战略意义,介绍了热能储存材料的类型、作用及其承载体的结构及成型方式。以钨、钼和TZM合金为例,介绍了承载体基体的理化性质,引出了可用于钎焊热能储存材料承载体的钎料体系,并对他们的可行性进行了系统评价,提出了通过调控元素来获取理想的钎料熔点与接头组织这一解决目前技术瓶颈的方案。介绍了热能储存材料承载体所需要用到的钎焊设备——真空钎焊炉,并对钎焊炉的种类进行了详细探讨。研究表明,感应钎焊具有加热速度快、能源利用率高的特点,针对感应钎焊温度不能精确控制的缺点,引入模糊控制来实现控温,具有良好的发展前景。
Based on the background of traditional energy reserves,the strategic significance of solar energy was briefly described,the type and function of heat storage materials and their structure and forming method were introduced. Being taken the tungsten,molybdenum and TZM alloys as an example,the physical and chemical properties of the matrix of the carrier were introduced,and the brazing filler metals that can be used to braze the heat storage material carrier were drawn out and their feasibility was systematically evaluated. The solution to the current technical bottleneck was proposed by regulating elements to get the ideal melting point of filler metals and the microstructures of joints. After that,the brazing equipment-vacuum brazing furnace needed for the heat storage material carrier was introduced,and the type of brazing furnace was discussed in detail. The results show that the induction brazing has the characteristics of fast heating speed and high energy utilization rate. Aiming at the shortcomings that the induction brazing temperature can not be precisely controlled,fuzzy control can be introduced to achieve temperature control,and which has a good development prospects.
Based on the background of traditional energy reserves,the strategic significance of solar energy was briefly described,the type and function of heat storage materials and their structure and forming method were introduced. Being taken the tungsten,molybdenum and TZM alloys as an example,the physical and chemical properties of the matrix of the carrier were introduced,and the brazing filler metals that can be used to braze the heat storage material carrier were drawn out and their feasibility was systematically evaluated. The solution to the current technical bottleneck was proposed by regulating elements to get the ideal melting point of filler metals and the microstructures of joints. After that,the brazing equipment-vacuum brazing furnace needed for the heat storage material carrier was introduced,and the type of brazing furnace was discussed in detail. The results show that the induction brazing has the characteristics of fast heating speed and high energy utilization rate. Aiming at the shortcomings that the induction brazing temperature can not be precisely controlled,fuzzy control can be introduced to achieve temperature control,and which has a good development prospects.
引文
[1]韩桂海,赵洪运,付伟,等.钎焊时间对TZM合金与Zr Cp-W复合材料接头界面组织及性能的影响[J].焊接学报,2017,38(1):69-72.
[2]龙伟民,程亚芳,钟素娟,等.提高中国钎焊材料质量的技术途径[J].焊接,2010(1):20-25.
[3]熊华平,李红,毛唯,等.国际钎焊技术最新进展[J].焊接学报,2011,32(5):108-112.
[4]薛松柏,张亮,皋利利,等.航空器制造中的焊接技术[J].航空制造技术,2009(19):26-29.
[5]田骁.Ti-Ni钎料钎焊TZM合金工艺及机理研究[D].哈尔滨:哈尔滨工业大学硕士学位论文,2016.
[6]徐庆元,李宁,熊国刚,等.钎焊工艺对钛钎焊石墨与TZM合金接头组织性能的影响[J].焊接学报,2006,27(7):37-40.
[7]牛超楠,韩桂海,宋晓国,等.Ti Zr Ni Cu钎料真空钎焊TZM合金接头界面组织及力学性能[J].稀有金属,2014,38(6):283-289.
[8]龙飞,胡庆贤,徐华,等.铜磷钎料热拉拔过程加热工艺对钎料组织和塑性的影响[J].焊接学报,2015,36(9):31-34.
[9]Chan H Y,Liaw D W,Shiue R K,et al.The microstructural observation of brazing Ti-6Al-4V and TZM using the BAg-8 braze alloy[J].International Journal of Refractory Metals and Hard Materials.2004,22(1):27-33.
[10]何鹏,张玲.智能钎焊技术进展[J].焊接学报,2017,38(4):31-34.
[2]龙伟民,程亚芳,钟素娟,等.提高中国钎焊材料质量的技术途径[J].焊接,2010(1):20-25.
[3]熊华平,李红,毛唯,等.国际钎焊技术最新进展[J].焊接学报,2011,32(5):108-112.
[4]薛松柏,张亮,皋利利,等.航空器制造中的焊接技术[J].航空制造技术,2009(19):26-29.
[5]田骁.Ti-Ni钎料钎焊TZM合金工艺及机理研究[D].哈尔滨:哈尔滨工业大学硕士学位论文,2016.
[6]徐庆元,李宁,熊国刚,等.钎焊工艺对钛钎焊石墨与TZM合金接头组织性能的影响[J].焊接学报,2006,27(7):37-40.
[7]牛超楠,韩桂海,宋晓国,等.Ti Zr Ni Cu钎料真空钎焊TZM合金接头界面组织及力学性能[J].稀有金属,2014,38(6):283-289.
[8]龙飞,胡庆贤,徐华,等.铜磷钎料热拉拔过程加热工艺对钎料组织和塑性的影响[J].焊接学报,2015,36(9):31-34.
[9]Chan H Y,Liaw D W,Shiue R K,et al.The microstructural observation of brazing Ti-6Al-4V and TZM using the BAg-8 braze alloy[J].International Journal of Refractory Metals and Hard Materials.2004,22(1):27-33.
[10]何鹏,张玲.智能钎焊技术进展[J].焊接学报,2017,38(4):31-34.