CeO_2添加剂对Al_2O_3-MgO-CaO耐火材料致密化的影响
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摘要
由于Al_2O_3-MgO-CaO系耐火材料在烧成过程中存在许多对烧结致密化不利的因素,进而影响其相关性能的使用.为此,在1 500～1 600℃条件下制备了Al_2O_3-MgO-CaO复合材料,并研究加入CeO_2添加剂对该系耐火材料烧结致密化的影响.实验结果表明:将CeO_2添加到Al_2O_3-MgO-CaO系耐火材料的较优烧成温度为1 600℃,当CeO_2的添加量(质量分数,下同)分别为4%和6%时,其显气孔率分别降低至3.9%和3.8%,体积密度从未添加时的2.88 g/cm~3分别升高至3.62 g/cm~3和3.68 g/cm~3;同时,通过扫描电镜观察发现添加CeO_2后该系耐火材料显微结构致密化程度较高,从而实现其良好的致密化.
There are many factors that are not conducive to densification during the sintering of Al_2O_3-MgO-CaO refractory,affecting its certain properties to be utilized.Therefore,Al_2O_3-MgO-CaO composite was prepared at 1 500～1 600℃with the addition of CeO_2micro powder to investigate the effect of CeO_2 on the densification of the composite.Experimental results show that the best sintering temperature is 1 600℃.When4%and 6% of CeO_2(mass fraction,the same below)are added,the apparent porosity reduce to 3.9%and 3.8%respectively.Meanwhile,the bulk density increases to 3.62 g/cm~3and 3.68 g/cm~3,respectively.Moreover,it is found through scanning electron microscope that the densification degree of this series of refractories'microstructure is higher after CeO_2is added.
There are many factors that are not conducive to densification during the sintering of Al_2O_3-MgO-CaO refractory,affecting its certain properties to be utilized.Therefore,Al_2O_3-MgO-CaO composite was prepared at 1 500～1 600℃with the addition of CeO_2micro powder to investigate the effect of CeO_2 on the densification of the composite.Experimental results show that the best sintering temperature is 1 600℃.When4%and 6% of CeO_2(mass fraction,the same below)are added,the apparent porosity reduce to 3.9%and 3.8%respectively.Meanwhile,the bulk density increases to 3.62 g/cm~3and 3.68 g/cm~3,respectively.Moreover,it is found through scanning electron microscope that the densification degree of this series of refractories'microstructure is higher after CeO_2is added.
引文
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[18]CINIBULK M K,HAY R S.Textured magnetoplumbite fibermatrix interphase derived from Sol-Gel fiber coatings[J].Journal of the American Ceramic Society,1996,79(5):1233-1246.
[19]CINIBULK M K.Hexaluminates as a cleavable fiber-matrix interphase:synthesis,texture development,and phase compatibility[J].Journal of the European Ceramic Society,2000,20(5):569-582.
[20]VZQUEZ B A,PENA P,DE AZA A H,et al.Corrosion mechanism of polycrystalline corundum and calcium hexaluminate by calcium silicate slags[J].Journal of the European Ceramic Society,2009,29(8):1347-1360.
[21]姜瑞霞,谢在库,张成芳,等.镁铝尖晶石的制备及在催化反应中的应用[J].工业催化,2003,11(1):47-51.
[22]TCHAMBA A B,MELO U C,LECOMTE-NANA G L,et al.Use of bauxite from Cameroon for solid state sintering and characterization of calcium dialuminate(CaO·2Al2O3)refractory cement[J].Ceramics International,2014,40(1):1961-1970.
[2]XU L,JIN L Y,YIN X L,et al.Densification and mechanical properties of reaction sintered Al2O3-MgO-CaO refractory[C]//Characterization of Minerals,Metals,and Materials 2015.Springer International Publishing,2015:337-343.
[3]XU L,CHEN M,HUANG W J,et al.Effects of CaO content on sintering and lightweight of Al2O3-MgO-CaO refractories[J].Materials Research Innovations,2015,19(5):212-217.
[4]尹雪亮,陈敏,王楠,等.Y2O3添加对MA-CA2-CA6复合材料烧结行为的影响[J].材料导报,2018(8):1357-1361.
[5]AZA A H D,PENA P,AZA S D.Ternary system Al2O3-MgO-CaO:I,primary phase field of crystallization of spinel in the subsystem MgAl2O4-CaAl4O7-CaO-MgO[J].Journal of the American Ceramic Society,2010,82(8):2193-2203.
[6]徐磊,陈敏.Al2O3-MgO-CaO系耐火材料烧结性能的研究[C]//第十七届全国冶金反应工程学学术会议论文集.中国金属学会,2013:229.
[7]YI S,HUANG Z,HUANG J,et al.Novel calcium hexaluminate/spinel-alumina composites with graded microstructures and mechanical properties[J].Scientific Reports,2014,4(1):1-7.
[8]LI L P,YAN Y,FAN X Z,et al.Low-temperature synthesis of calcium-hexaluminate/magnesium-aluminum spinel composite ceramics[J].Journal of the European Ceramic Society,2015,35(10):2923-2931.
[9]GHOSH A,DAS S K,BISWAS J R,et al.The effect of ZnOaddition on the densification and properties of magnesium aluminate spinel[J].Ceramics International,2000,26(6):605-608.
[10]TRIPATHI H S,SINGLA S,GHOSH A.Synthesis and densification behaviour of magnesium aluminate spinel:effect of Dy2O3[J].Ceramics International,2009,35(6):2541-2544.
[11]SINHAMAHAPATRA S,DANA K,GHOSH A,et al.Dynamic thermal study to rationalise the role of titania in reaction sintering of magnesia-alumina system[J].Ceramics International,2015,41(1):1073-1078.
[12]S ARKAR R,TRIPATHI H S,GHOSH A.Reaction sintering of different spinel compositions in the presence of Y2O3[J].Materials Letters,2004,58(16):2186.
[13]吴龙,吴迪,叶信宇,等.稀土氧化物复合ZrO2陶瓷的制备及应用研究进展[J].有色金属科学与工程,2012,3(4):36-42.
[14]董飘平,谢欣荣,梁福永,等.稀土有机框架材料(Ln-MOFs)的合成及应用[J].有色金属科学与工程,2016,7(3):137-150.
[15]孙丽枫,于景坤.添加轻烧氧化镁对镁铝尖晶石轻质耐火材料烧结性能的影响[J].材料与冶金学报,2004,3(2):121-123.
[16]LIU J H,LV X J,LI J,et al.Pressureless sintered magnesium aluminate spinel with enhanced mechanical properties obtained by the two-step sintering method[J].Journal of Alloys and Compounds,2016,680:133-138.
[17]GHASEMI-KAHRIZSANGI S,DEHSHEIKH H G,KARAMIAN E,et al.Effect of MgAl2O4nanoparticles addition on the densification and properties of MgO-CaO refractories[J].Ceramics International,2017,43(6):5014-5019.
[18]CINIBULK M K,HAY R S.Textured magnetoplumbite fibermatrix interphase derived from Sol-Gel fiber coatings[J].Journal of the American Ceramic Society,1996,79(5):1233-1246.
[19]CINIBULK M K.Hexaluminates as a cleavable fiber-matrix interphase:synthesis,texture development,and phase compatibility[J].Journal of the European Ceramic Society,2000,20(5):569-582.
[20]VZQUEZ B A,PENA P,DE AZA A H,et al.Corrosion mechanism of polycrystalline corundum and calcium hexaluminate by calcium silicate slags[J].Journal of the European Ceramic Society,2009,29(8):1347-1360.
[21]姜瑞霞,谢在库,张成芳,等.镁铝尖晶石的制备及在催化反应中的应用[J].工业催化,2003,11(1):47-51.
[22]TCHAMBA A B,MELO U C,LECOMTE-NANA G L,et al.Use of bauxite from Cameroon for solid state sintering and characterization of calcium dialuminate(CaO·2Al2O3)refractory cement[J].Ceramics International,2014,40(1):1961-1970.