摘要
为验证内构件移动床反应器处理低阶碎煤制取高品质油气效果,在煤处理量为1 000t/a的中试平台上对0mm~10mm神木煤进行了连续运行热解实验,重点考察了炉温900℃条件下的煤热解产物分布及其基本特性。结果表明:在控制反应器底部最低排料温度530℃时,焦油产率可以达到格金干馏焦油产率的82.9%,焦油含尘量0.16%,焦油中360℃以下轻质组分含量为67.0%;半焦产率73.36%,其含S量有所降低,而发热量变化不大;热解气产率11.88%,其中富含甲烷和氢气,CH_4+H_2达73.0%。中试实验证明内构件移动床反应器可以有效处理碎煤热解,实现连续稳定运行,以较高收率制取高品质油气。
To verify the feasibility of moving bed reactor with internals for the production of tar and gas in high yield and high quality,a 1 000 t/apilot platform was designed,built and commissioned into successful running.Fine coal in size of 0 mm-10 mm were processed in the pilot plant and the distribution and basic characteristics of coal pyrolysis products under the condition of 900℃furnace temperature were investigated.The results show that tar yield can reach82.9% of the Gray-King tar yield when the minimum discharging temperature of char is controlled at 530℃,dust content in tar is about 0.16%,and light tar content is 67.0%.The yield of char is 73.36%,and the content of S in char decreases,but calorific value of char does not change much.Pyrolysis gas is rich in methane and hydrogen with CH4+H2>73.0%.Pilot-scale experiments show that the moving bed reactor with internals can effectively run for crushed coal pyrolysis for producing high-quality oil and gas with high yield with continuous and stable operation.
引文
[1]张相平,周秋成,马宝岐,等.榆林兰炭内热式直立炉工艺现状及发展趋势[J].煤炭加工与综合利用,2017(4):22-26.ZHANG Xiangping,ZHOU Qiucheng,MA Baoqi,et al.The Present Situation and Development Trend of Vertical Internally Heated Retort Furnace for Char in Yulin[J].Coal Processing&Comprehensive Utilization,2017(4):22-26.
[2]赵俊学,李惠娟,李小明,等.低变质煤低温干馏生产兰炭的技术进展与分析[J].洁净煤技术,2010,16(6):20-23.ZHAO Junxue,LI Huijuan,LI Xiaoming,et al.Technical Progress and Analysis of Semicoke Production with Low Metamorphic Degree Coal[J].Clean Coal Technology,2010,16(6):20-23.
[3]宋景涛,张磊.小粒煤内热式直立炭化炉技术改造探讨[J].煤化工,2017,45(4):27-29.SONG Jingtao,ZHANG Lei.Discussion on Technical Renovation of Small Grained Coal Vertical Internally Heated Retort Furnace[J].Coal Chemical Industry,2017,45(4):27-29.
[4]吴鹏,苗文华,滕济林,等.多段直立炉用于陕北低阶碎煤热解的适用性研究[J].煤炭转化,2018,41(1):27-32.WU Peng,MIAO Wenhua,TENG Jilin,et al.Applicability Study on Vertical Furnace for Shanbei Crushed Low-rank Coal Pyrolysis[J].Coal Conversion,2018,41(1):27-32.
[5]MUHAMMAD Nadeem Amin,LI Yi,RAUF Razzaq,et al.Pyrolysis of Low Rank Coal by Nickel Based Zeolite Catalysts in the Two-staged Bed Reactor[J].Journal of Analytical and Applied Pyrolysis,2016,118:54-62.
[6]吴雷,周军,梁坤,等.成型压力对低变质粉煤微波催化共热解的影响[J].煤炭转化,2018,41(4):7-13.WU Lei,ZHOU Jun,LIANG Kun,et al.Effects of Molding Pressure on Microwave Catalytic Co-pyrolysis of Low Rank Pulverized Coal[J].Coal Conversion,2018,41(4):7-13.
[7]CHIHIRO Fushimi,SHUHEI Okuyama,MIHO Kobayashi,et al.Pyrolysis of Low-rank Coal with Heat-carrying Particles in a Downer Reactor[J].Fuel Processing Technology,2017,167(1):136-145.
[8]张勇奇.低变质煤热解技术分析[J].化学工业,2012,30(3):23-25.ZHANG Yongqi.Analysis on Pyrolysis Technology of Low Rank Coal[J].Chemical Industry,2012,30(3):23-25.
[9]王向辉,门卓武,许明,等.低阶煤粉煤热解提质技术研究现状及发展建议[J].洁净煤技术,2014,20(6):36-41.WANG Xianghui,MEN Zhuowu,XU Ming,et al.Research Status and Development Proposals on Pyrolysis Techniques of Low Rank Pulverized Coal[J].Clean Coal Technology,2014,20(6):36-41.
[10]刘巧霞,张月明,黄勇,等.煤热解技术概述及问题分析[J].山西化工,2015(4):40-44.LIU Qiaoxia,ZHANG Yueming,HUANG Yong,et al.The Overview of Coal Pyrolysis Technology[J].Shanxi Chemical Industry,2015(4):40-44.
[11]陈兆辉,高士秋,许光文.煤热解过程分析与工艺调控方法[J].化工学报,2017(10):3693-3708.CHEN Zhaohui,GAO Shiqiu,XU Guangwen.Analysis and Control Methods of Coal Pyrolysis Process[J].CIESC Journal,2017(10):3693-3708.
[12]胡二峰,张纯,武荣成,等.内构件固定床反应器中不同水分煤的热解特性[J].化工学报,2015(7):2656-2663.HU Erfeng,ZHANG Chun,WU Rongcheng,et al.Pyrolysis of Coal with Different Moisture Contents in Fixed-bed Reactor with Internals[J].CIESC Journal,2015(7):2656-2663.
[13]胡二峰,武荣成,张纯,等.间热径向流反应器料层厚度对煤热解特性的影响[J].化工学报,2015(2):738-745.HU Erfeng,WU Rongcheng,ZHANG Chun,et al.Effect of Coal Bed Thickness on Pyrolysis Behavior in Indirectly Heated Radial Flow Fixed-bed Reactor[J].CIESC Journal,2015(2):738-745.
[14]ZHANG Chun,WU Rongcheng,XU Guangwen.Coal Pyrolysis for High-quality Tar in a Fixed-bed Pyrolyzer Enhanced with Internals[J].Energy and Fuels,2014,28:236-244.
[15]ZHANG Chun,WU Rongcheng,HU Erfeng,et al.Coal Pyrolysis for High-quality Tar and Gas in 100kg Fixed Bed Enhanced with Internals[J].Energy and Fuels,2014,28:7294-7302.
[16]LIN Lanxin,ZHANG Chun,LAI Dengguo,et al.Pyrolysis in Indirectly Heated Fixed Bed with Internals-the First Application to Oil Shale[J].Fuel Processing Technology,2015,138:147-155.
[17]李红星,李祥远.煤焦油加氢技术与工艺选择[J].化学工业,2014,32(7):23-26.LI Hongxing,Li Xiangyuan.Coal Tar Hydrogenation Technology and Process Selecting[J].Chemical Industry,2014,32(7):23-26.
[18]朱豫飞.煤焦油加氢转化技术[J].洁净煤技术,2014,20(3):43-48.ZHU Yufei.Hydro-conversion Technologies of Coal Tar[J].Clean Coal Technology,2014,20(3):43-48.
[19]郑化安.中低温煤热解技术研究进展及产业化方向[J].洁净煤技术,2018,24(1):13-18.ZHENG Huaan.Research Status and Industrial Direction of Middle and Low Temperature Coal Pyrolysis Technology[J].Clean Coal Technology,2018,24(1):13-18.