高能脉冲精密冷焊的电弧特性和增材制造成形能力
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摘要
进行了高能脉冲精密冷焊的电弧特性试验和各类零件的增材制造试验,根据脉冲电流和电压波形分析了脉冲电弧的特性,根据堆焊零件的成形情况分析了其增材制造成形能力。结果表明,高能脉冲精密冷焊的输出电流为脉冲方波,产生断续的脉冲电弧;其脉冲时间短,电弧能量密度高,冷却时间长,热输入小,零件变形小;在堆焊成形过程中,工件处于冷态,熔池存在时间短,不会出现焊缝熔池流淌现象,堆焊零件的成形精度高,具有复杂零件的增材制造成形能力;该方法可用于较小的几何形状复杂零件的增材制造,也可用于精密零件的增材制造成形修复。
The arc characteristics test of high-energy pulsed precision cold welding and additive manufacturing test of various parts were carried out,and the characteristics of pulsed arc were analyzed based on the pulsed current and voltage waveform. According to the forming characteristics of the surfacing parts,the additive manufacturing forming ability was analyzed. The results show that the output current of high-energy pulsed precision cold welding is pulsed square wave and the pulsed arc is intermittent. The pulsed arc has short pulse time,high arc energy density and long cooling time makes heat input less,thus the deformation of parts is small. During the surfacing forming process,the workpiece is in a cold state,and the molten pool exists for a short time and does not flow out. The surfacing forming parts have high forming accuracy.This method has the forming ability of complex parts,which can be used for additive manufacturing of complex parts with small geometric and additive forming repair of precision parts.
The arc characteristics test of high-energy pulsed precision cold welding and additive manufacturing test of various parts were carried out,and the characteristics of pulsed arc were analyzed based on the pulsed current and voltage waveform. According to the forming characteristics of the surfacing parts,the additive manufacturing forming ability was analyzed. The results show that the output current of high-energy pulsed precision cold welding is pulsed square wave and the pulsed arc is intermittent. The pulsed arc has short pulse time,high arc energy density and long cooling time makes heat input less,thus the deformation of parts is small. During the surfacing forming process,the workpiece is in a cold state,and the molten pool exists for a short time and does not flow out. The surfacing forming parts have high forming accuracy.This method has the forming ability of complex parts,which can be used for additive manufacturing of complex parts with small geometric and additive forming repair of precision parts.
引文
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[4]Song J L,Li Y T,Deng Q L,et al.Rapid prototyping manufacturing of silica sand patterns based on selective laser sintering[J].Journal of Materials Processing Technology,2007,187-188:614-618.
[5]田彩兰,陈济轮,董鹏,等.国外电弧增材制造技术的研究现状及展望[J].航天制造技术,2015(2):57-59.
[6]Ding D,Pan Z,Cuiuri D,et al.Wire-feed additive manufacturing of metal components:technologies,developments and future interests[J].International Journal of Advanced Manufacturing Technology,2015(81):465-481.
[7]李玉龙,张华,张光云,等.基于TIG堆焊技术的低碳钢零件精密快速成形[J].焊接学报,2009,30(9):37-40.
[8]Ding J,Colegrove P,Mehnen J,et al.Thermo-mechanical analysis of wire and arc additive layer manufacturing process on large multi-layer parts[J].Computational Materials Science,2011,50(12):3315-3322.
[9]杨春利,林三宝.电弧焊基础[M].哈尔滨:哈尔滨工业大学出版社,2003.
[10]赵家瑞.逆变焊接与切割电源[M].北京:机械工业出版社,1996.
[11]刘一博,孙清洁,姜云禄,等.基于冷金属过渡技术快速成形工艺[J].焊接学报,2014,35(7):1-4.
[12]张萍,刘德波,柏久阳,等.电弧增材制造的沉积态TC4钛合金薄壁零件组织特征[J].焊接,2015(11):53-56.
[13]Martina F,Mehnen J,Williams S W,et al.Investigation of the benefits of plasma deposition for the additive layer manufacture of Ti-6Al-4V[J].Journal of Materials Processing Technology,2012,212(6):1377-1386.