基于多视觉特征的激光拼焊焊缝宽度检测
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摘要
针对激光拼焊焊缝宽度测量中,仅依据结构光单一特征进行检测鲁棒性不强的问题,提出了基于结构光光纹信息、焊缝纹理信息、图像灰度信息、图像序列信息等多视觉特征信息进行焊缝宽度测量的方法。先依据图像灰度信息确定感兴趣区域,再针对正面焊缝图像,通过骨架法提取结构光光纹中心线,计算中心线的畸变位置识别焊缝特征点;针对背面焊缝图像,采用纹理能量模板对焊缝图像滤波确定焊缝区,然后计算焊缝区和结构光条纹的交集,识别焊缝特征点;识别的特征点通过序列图像信息进行校正,最后依据特征点计算焊缝宽度。搭建了激光拼焊焊缝宽度测量系统,并分别对焊缝正面和背面的宽度进行了测量试验。试验结果表明,该方法精度高,可靠性强,实时性好,有助于实现激光拼焊高速、高精度的焊缝质量在线检测。
Weld width is one of the important evaluation indexes of weld quality. To improve the weaker robust ability in the existing method which only based on laser stripe deformation for weld width of weld shape, a new method was proposed based on combination of laser stripe, weld texture, image grey values and image series in the paper. Firstly, the region of interest of the image was based on the image grey values. Secondly, for front weld, the centre line of the laser stripe was extracted based on skeletonization and the feature points were identified according to the deformation of the centre line. For back weld, the weld region was extracted based on texture energy filter and the feature points were identified according to the intersection of the weld region and laser stripe. And then the feature points were corrected by the information of image series. Lastly, the weld width was calculated according to the features points and laser stripe. A quality inspection system of weld shape for tailored blank laser welding was built and the weld width measurement experiments of front weld and back weld were carried out respectively. The results showed that the new method had higher accuracy, better robust ability and good real-time performance which was helpful to realize high speed and high precision weld quality inspection.
Weld width is one of the important evaluation indexes of weld quality. To improve the weaker robust ability in the existing method which only based on laser stripe deformation for weld width of weld shape, a new method was proposed based on combination of laser stripe, weld texture, image grey values and image series in the paper. Firstly, the region of interest of the image was based on the image grey values. Secondly, for front weld, the centre line of the laser stripe was extracted based on skeletonization and the feature points were identified according to the deformation of the centre line. For back weld, the weld region was extracted based on texture energy filter and the feature points were identified according to the intersection of the weld region and laser stripe. And then the feature points were corrected by the information of image series. Lastly, the weld width was calculated according to the features points and laser stripe. A quality inspection system of weld shape for tailored blank laser welding was built and the weld width measurement experiments of front weld and back weld were carried out respectively. The results showed that the new method had higher accuracy, better robust ability and good real-time performance which was helpful to realize high speed and high precision weld quality inspection.
引文
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[12]张雷,赵明扬,康永军,等.一种快速获取激光拼焊焊缝错配的新算法[J].仪器仪表学报,2008,29(8):1 784-1 787.
[2]Kang Minjung,Kim Young-Min and Kim Cheolhee.Effect of heating parameters on laser welded tailored blanks of hot press forming steel[J].Journal of Materials Processing Technology,2016,228:137-144.
[3]Seung-Seok Lee,Dong-Jin Yoon,Joon-Hyun Lee,et al.Measurement of weld bead defect for shock absorber using laser vision sensor[C]//Proceedings of the 11thAsian Pacific Conference on Nondestructive Testing:Key Engineering Materials,2004:2 332-2 337.
[4]黄维,孙大为,蔡艳,等.基于激光视觉传感的焊缝三维测量[J].热加工工艺,2013,42(7):171-174.
[5]Wei Huang,Radovan Kovacevic.Development of a real-time laserbased machine vision system to monitor and control welding processes[J].The International Journal of Advanced Manufacturing Technology,2012,63:235-248.
[6]李原,徐德,李涛,等.一种基于激光结构光的焊缝跟踪视觉传感器[J].传感技术学报,2005,18(3):488-492.
[7]雷正龙,吕涛,陈彦宾,等.基于扫描激光视觉传感的焊缝图像特征信息识别[J].焊接学报,2013,34(5):54-58.
[8]White R A,Smith J S and Lucas J.Vision based gauge for online weld profile metrology[C]//IEE Proceedings:Science,Measurement and Technology,1994.
[9]Lee Junsok,Im P and Park Y.Welding bead and chamfer inspection by means of laser vision[C]//In Proceedings of SPIE:the International Society for Optical Engineering,2001.
[10]Jean-Paul Boillot,Koichi Uota and Berthiaume E.Tracking and inspection for laser welding[C]//In Proceedings of SPIE:First International Symposium on High Power Laser Macroprocessing,2003.
[11]伏喜斌,林三宝,杨春利,等.基于激光视觉传感的焊后检测技术研究综述[J].焊接,2007(6):24-27.
[12]张雷,赵明扬,康永军,等.一种快速获取激光拼焊焊缝错配的新算法[J].仪器仪表学报,2008,29(8):1 784-1 787.