基于机器视觉的焊缝宽度测量方法
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摘要
针对焊缝检验尺对焊缝宽度检测精度差和效率低的特点,提出一种基于机器视觉的焊缝宽度测量方法。通过测量设备获取目标图像,使用直方图均衡化和分段线性变换相结合的算法对图像进行增强。采用基于最大阈值Ostu的图像分割算法经过膨胀腐蚀等形态学的处理提取目标轮廓,再利用霍夫变换检测焊缝边缘,计算焊缝宽度。实验结果表明,该算法对焊缝的宽度检测精度可达0.01mm,效率更高。
A method of measuring the width of welds based on machine vision is proposed for the characteristics of weld inspection scale and low detection accuracy. Through the measurement equipment to obtain the target image,the image is enhanced by the combination of histogram equalization and piecewise linear transformation,using the maximum threshold Ostu image segmentation algorithm~[1],swelling and other morphological processing to extract the target contour,useing the Hough transform to check the edge of the weld,and then calculating the width of weld. The experimental results show that the accuracy of the weld width detection can be reached to 0.01 mm,which made the calculation more efficient,and it provides a referential meaning for other areas of mechanical automation.
A method of measuring the width of welds based on machine vision is proposed for the characteristics of weld inspection scale and low detection accuracy. Through the measurement equipment to obtain the target image,the image is enhanced by the combination of histogram equalization and piecewise linear transformation,using the maximum threshold Ostu image segmentation algorithm~[1],swelling and other morphological processing to extract the target contour,useing the Hough transform to check the edge of the weld,and then calculating the width of weld. The experimental results show that the accuracy of the weld width detection can be reached to 0.01 mm,which made the calculation more efficient,and it provides a referential meaning for other areas of mechanical automation.
引文
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[2]王慧玲.基于机器视觉的焊缝缺陷检测技术的研究[D].哈尔滨:哈尔滨理工大学,2008.
[3]邓辉,谢俊,孟广月,等.基于机器视觉的重复定位精度测量技术[J].电子测量技术,2014,37(12):45-48.
[4]张杨.基于双目立体视觉的CCD测距系统设计[D].长春:长春理工大学,2010.
[5]方明,李洪娜,雷立宏,等.低照度视频图像增强算法综述[J].长春理工大学学报:自然科学版,2016,39(3):56-64.
[6]Sim KS,Tso CP,Tan YY.Recursive sub-image histogram equalization applied to gray scale images[J].Pattern Recognit.Letters,2007,28(10):1209-1221.
[7]Bhatnagar G,Jonathan Wu QM,Liu Z.Directive contrast based multimodal medical image fusion in NSCT domain[J].IEEE Transactions on Multimedia,2013,15(5):1014-1024
[8]Rani S,Kumar M.Contrast enhancement using improved adaptive gamma correction with weighting distribution technique[J].International Journal of Computer Applications,2014,101(11):47-53.
[9]路建方,王新赛,肖志洋,等.基于FPGA的红外图像自适应分段线性增强算法[J].红外技术,2013,35(2):102-106.
[10]Barnich O,Van Droogenbroeck M.Vi Be.A universal background subtraction algorithm for video sequences[J].IEEE Transactions on Image Processing,2011,20(6):1709-1724.
[11]秦雪,王欢,严晔,等.基于图像边缘检测的图像识别算法[J].长春理工大学学报:自然科学版,2015,38(4):127-131.
[12]闫怀仁,杨慕升.基于改进的Hough变换的直线提取算法[J].红外技术,2015,37(11):970-975.
[13]杨顺辽.基Hough变换提取直线的改进方法研究[J].电脑与信息技术,2006,14(5):29-31.
[14]乔晓鹏,梁淑艳,丁克勤,等.用于微焊缝宽度测量的射线检测图像边缘处理方法[J].无损检测,2009,31(7):560-562.
[15]邹媛媛,甘洪岩,张琦.基于多视觉特征的激光拼焊焊缝宽度检测[J].焊接技术,2017,46(01):64-69.