水动力条件对水体中藻类生长的抑制作用
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摘要
降低换水周期可以有效抑制水华的发生,但是要达到理论平衡换水周期,城市水体所需换水量将受到当地城市水资源承载力的限制,导致其实用性不佳。为探究更加直接实用的水动力抑藻条件及其应用机理,通过建造环流河道模型,并利用推进装置调控河道模型内水流速度,研究基于指定换水周期的不同流速对水华的抑制机理。基于合肥环城水系的水流状况和通过直流河道模型得到的平衡换水周期,设定环流河道模型的换水周期为10 d时,实验结果表明,河道模型内平衡流速为80 cm/min。说明河道模型中平衡流速是存在的,而且在水华发生的理化因素均满足的情况下,运用水动力条件来抑制水华发生的方法是可行的。根据模拟得到的水动力数据,提出了存在和不存在换水周期两种模式下的水质模型。
Reducing the water exchange cycle time can effectively inhibit the growth of algae; however, due to the limitation of the carrying capacity of local urban water resource on the quantity of exchanged water of urban water bodies, it is not practical to reach the theoretical equilibrium water exchange period. In order to explore a more direct and practical hydrodynamic condition for inhibition of algae growth and its application mechanism, we constructed a circulation channel model and used propelling configuration to regulate the water velocity in the circulation channel model, to study the algae growth inhabitation mechanisms of different water velocities with a given water exchange cycle. When the water exchange period of the circulation channel model was set to 10 d in accordance to the flow condition of the water system around the city of Hefei and the equilibrium water exchange period obtained through the straight channel model, the experiment results showed that the equilibrium flow velocity(EFV) was 80 cm/min, which indicated that EFV of the channel exists and it was feasible to control algal growth by utilizing hydrodynamic condition under the condition that all the chemical and physical factors of occurrence of algal were satisfied. According to the hydrodynamic data obtained from the simulation, two water quality models with and without water exchange period were proposed respectively.
Reducing the water exchange cycle time can effectively inhibit the growth of algae; however, due to the limitation of the carrying capacity of local urban water resource on the quantity of exchanged water of urban water bodies, it is not practical to reach the theoretical equilibrium water exchange period. In order to explore a more direct and practical hydrodynamic condition for inhibition of algae growth and its application mechanism, we constructed a circulation channel model and used propelling configuration to regulate the water velocity in the circulation channel model, to study the algae growth inhabitation mechanisms of different water velocities with a given water exchange cycle. When the water exchange period of the circulation channel model was set to 10 d in accordance to the flow condition of the water system around the city of Hefei and the equilibrium water exchange period obtained through the straight channel model, the experiment results showed that the equilibrium flow velocity(EFV) was 80 cm/min, which indicated that EFV of the channel exists and it was feasible to control algal growth by utilizing hydrodynamic condition under the condition that all the chemical and physical factors of occurrence of algal were satisfied. According to the hydrodynamic data obtained from the simulation, two water quality models with and without water exchange period were proposed respectively.
引文
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[2] 梁培瑜,王烜,马芳冰. 水动力条件对水体富营养化的影响[J]. 湖泊科学,2013,25(4):455-462.
[3] 廖平安,胡秀琳. 流速对藻类生长影响的试验研究[J]. 北京水务,2005(2): 12-14.
[4] 张毅敏,张永春,张龙江,等. 湖泊水动力对蓝藻生长的影响[J]. 中国环境科学,2007,27(5):707-711.
[5] 焦世珺,钟成华,邓春光. 浅谈流速对三峡库区藻类生长的影响[J]. 微量元素与健康研究,2006,23(2):48-50.
[6] 钟国泉. 关于“泥沙输移平衡流速”的探讨[J]. 水运工程,1984(1):14-15.
[7] 黄鹏,田腾飞,张文安,等. 换水周期对直流河道藻类生长影响的研究[J]. 环境工程,2017,36(7):50-54.
[8] 戈贤平,陈家长,吴伟. 太湖蓝藻的爆发和生物治理[J]. 中国水产,2008,388(3):7-8.
[9] 高月香,张毅敏,张永春. 流速对太湖铜绿微囊藻生长的影响[J]. 生态与农村环境学报,2007,23(2):57-60.
[10] 宋洋,张陵蕾,陈旻,等. 流速对水库水华优势种铜绿微囊藻生长的影响研究[J]. 工程科学与技术,2016,48(s1):25-32.
[11] 黄钰铃,刘德富,陈明曦. 不同流速下水华生消的模拟[J]. 应用生态学报,2008,19(10):2293-2298.
[12] 蒙国湖,龙天渝,贺栋才,等. 嘉陵江重庆磁器口段藻类生长模拟研究[J]. 工业安全与环保,2009,35(4):23-25.
[13] 龙天渝,蒙国湖,吴磊,等. 水动力条件对嘉陵江重庆主城段藻类生长影响的数值模拟[J]. 环境科学,2010,31(7):1498-1503.
[14] 徐良,冯平,孙冬梅,等. 水温对藻类生长变化影响的数值模拟[J]. 安全与环境学报,2013,13(5):76-81.
[15] 焦世珺. 三峡库区低流速河段流速对藻类生长的影响[D]. 重庆: 西南大学,2007.