东濮凹陷及其周缘地区上古生界煤系沉积有机相及煤成烃潜力
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摘要
东濮凹陷上古生界具有优越的煤成烃物质基础,油气生成潜力取决于沉积有机相。通过对东濮凹陷及其周缘地区煤系沉积有机相的类型和分布特征的研究,结合烃源岩生烃热模拟实验,探讨了东濮凹陷上古生界煤成烃的潜力。研究表明:东濮凹陷上古生界沉积有机相可划分为6种类型,镜质腐殖有机相是研究区主要的有机相类型,太原组下部和太原组上部–山西组下部还发育少量的含腐泥腐殖有机相和壳质腐殖有机相等富氢有机相类型,山西组上部较发育惰质腐殖有机相,东濮凹陷北部发育富氢有机相,特别是庆古2井区和毛4、毛8井区有机相类型好,而南部则发育镜质腐殖有机相和惰质腐殖有机相。不同有机相成烃潜力存在明显差异,镜质腐殖有机相的生油气潜力可与我国典型的煤成油气盆地相媲美,而富氢有机相的生烃潜力更高。但由于东濮凹陷上古生界热演化程度的差异,各个区块油气生成可能存在较大差异,毛4井区成熟度低,油气产率低;庆古2井区Rmax在1.0%左右,处于液态烃类生成高峰期,煤成油产率较高,文古1井区处于成熟–高熟区,有较高的煤成气产率,但仍未达煤成气产率的高峰;南部马古5井处于高过成熟,具有较高的煤成气潜力,但由于南部遭受岩浆作用的影响,其煤成气潜力需要评估岩浆作用影响的程度。
Dongpu depression in the Upper Paleozoic has a superior material basis for hydrocarbon generation, and the potential of oil and gas generation depends on the sedimentary organic facies. Based on the research of coal and its periphery sedimentary organic facies types and distribution characteristics of Dongpu depression, thermal simulation experiment of hydrocarbon source rocks, coal formed hydrocarbon potential of the Upper Paleozoic in Dongpu were discussed. Research shows that the Upper Paleozoic sedimentary organic facies in Dongpu depression can be divided into 6 types, vitrinite humic organic facies is the main research field of organic facies, Taiyuan Formation and lower part of Shanxi Formation have also developed a small containing sapropelic humic organic and chitin humic organic facies and the upper part of Shanxi Formation has a relatively inert organic humic facies, while hydrogen-rich organic facies develops in the northern part of Dongpu depression. In particular, wells Qinggu 2, Mao 4 and Mao 8 have good organic types, while vitreous humus organic facies and inert atmosphere humic organic facies develop the southern part. There are obvious differences in hydrocarbon generation potential between different organic facies. The potential of vitrinite humic organic facies is comparable to that of typical coal-derived oil and gas basins in China, while the hydrogen-riched organic facies has higher hydrocarbon generation potential. Because of differences of the degree of thermal evolution in Dongpu depression, various blocks have differences in oil and gas generation, samples of well Mao 4 have low maturity and low oil and gas production; well Qinggu 2 had Rmax around 1%, was at the liquid hydrocarbon generation peak, had higher coal-derived oil yield, well Wengu 1 was in the mature and high mature area, had higher coal-derived gas yield, but did not yet reach the peak of coal gas yield; southern well Magu 5 was at high mature, had high coal gas potential, because the south suffered magmatism, for the assessment of its coal gas potential it is necessary to take the degree of influence of magma into account.
Dongpu depression in the Upper Paleozoic has a superior material basis for hydrocarbon generation, and the potential of oil and gas generation depends on the sedimentary organic facies. Based on the research of coal and its periphery sedimentary organic facies types and distribution characteristics of Dongpu depression, thermal simulation experiment of hydrocarbon source rocks, coal formed hydrocarbon potential of the Upper Paleozoic in Dongpu were discussed. Research shows that the Upper Paleozoic sedimentary organic facies in Dongpu depression can be divided into 6 types, vitrinite humic organic facies is the main research field of organic facies, Taiyuan Formation and lower part of Shanxi Formation have also developed a small containing sapropelic humic organic and chitin humic organic facies and the upper part of Shanxi Formation has a relatively inert organic humic facies, while hydrogen-rich organic facies develops in the northern part of Dongpu depression. In particular, wells Qinggu 2, Mao 4 and Mao 8 have good organic types, while vitreous humus organic facies and inert atmosphere humic organic facies develop the southern part. There are obvious differences in hydrocarbon generation potential between different organic facies. The potential of vitrinite humic organic facies is comparable to that of typical coal-derived oil and gas basins in China, while the hydrogen-riched organic facies has higher hydrocarbon generation potential. Because of differences of the degree of thermal evolution in Dongpu depression, various blocks have differences in oil and gas generation, samples of well Mao 4 have low maturity and low oil and gas production; well Qinggu 2 had Rmax around 1%, was at the liquid hydrocarbon generation peak, had higher coal-derived oil yield, well Wengu 1 was in the mature and high mature area, had higher coal-derived gas yield, but did not yet reach the peak of coal gas yield; southern well Magu 5 was at high mature, had high coal gas potential, because the south suffered magmatism, for the assessment of its coal gas potential it is necessary to take the degree of influence of magma into account.
引文
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[18]郭贵安,陈义才,张代生,等.吐哈盆地侏罗系热模拟生烃演化特征研究[J].西南石油大学学报(自然科学版),2005,27(4):13-15.GUO Gui’an,CHEN Yicai,ZHANG Daisheng,et al.The evolution characteristics of Jurassic thermal simulation in Turpan Hami basin[J].Journal of Southwest Petroleum University(Natural Science Edition),2005,27(4):13-15.
[19]秦建中,刘宝泉.海相不同类型烃源岩生排烃模式研究[C]//全国有机地球化学学术会议,2005:74-80.
[2]黄文辉,敖卫华,肖秀玲,等.鄂尔多斯盆地侏罗纪含煤岩系生烃潜力评价[J].煤炭学报,2011,36(3):461-467.HUANG Wenhui,AO Weihua,XIAO Xiuling,et al.The assesment of the capacity for producing hadrocarbon in the Jurrasic coal and associate rocks in Ordos basin[J].Journal of China Coal Society,2011,36(3):461-467.
[3]SMYTH M.Coal microlithotypes related to sedimentary environments in the Cooper basin,Australia[C]//Sedimentology of coal and coal-bearing sequences.Blackwell Publishing Ltd.,1984:331-347.
[4]赵师庆,吴观茂,李贤庆.应用荧光显微组分定量评价煤的生烃排烃潜力[J].煤田地质与勘探,1993,21(6):18-22.ZHAO Shiqing,WU Guanmao,LI Xianqing.Quantitatively evaluate hydrocarbon generating and expelling potential of coals using parameter of fluorescent macerals[J].Coal Geology&Exploration,1993,21(6):18-22.
[5]BROOKS J,WELTE D H,BROOKS J,et al.Advances in petroleum geochemistry[J].Journal of Petroleum Geology,1987,10(4):475-476.
[6]TEICHMüLLER M.The genesis of coal from the viewpoint of coal petrology[J].International Journal of Coal Geology,1989,12(1/2/3/4):1-87.
[7]姚素平,魏辉,金奎励,等.准噶尔盆地侏罗纪煤成油研究[J].沉积学报,1997,15(4):80-87.YAO Suping,WEI Hui,JIN Kuili,et al.A study on the Jurassic Oil-from coal in Junggar basin[J].Acta Sedimentologica Sinica,1997,15(4):80-87.
[8]肖斌.东濮凹陷油气资源评价问题探讨[J].石油学报,2003,24(4):17-20.XIAO Bin.Evaluation of oil and gas resources in Dongpu depression[J].Acta Petrolei Sinica,2003,24(4):17-20.
[9]朱炎铭,王晓辉,张聪,等.东濮凹陷石炭-二叠系煤系烃源岩的生烃演化[J].石油学报,2007,28(6):27-31.ZHU Yanming,WANG Xiaohui,ZHANG Cong,et al.The hydrocarbon generation and evolution of Carboniferous-Permian coal system source rocks in Dongpu depression[J].Acta Petrolei Sinica,2007,28(6):27-31.
[10]王德仁,高平,武晓玲,等.东濮凹陷上古生界成藏条件研究[J].石油石化节能,2004,20(1):1-3.WANG Deren,GAO Ping,WU Xiaoling,et al.Study on the accumulation conditions of the upper Paleozoic in Dongpu depression[J].Energy Saving Environmental,2004,20(1):1-3.
[11]HACQUEBARD P,BIRMINGHAM T,DONALDSON J.Petrography of Canadian coals in relation to environment of deposition symposium[C]//Science and Technology of Coal,Ottawa,1967:84-97.
[12]金奎励,刘大锰,肖贤明,等.中国油、气源岩有机成分划分、超微与地化特征及其成烃规律[J].中国煤田地质,1995,7(1):47-51.JIN Kuili,LIU Dameng,XIAO Xianming,et al.The organic composition,ultrastructural and geochemical characteristics of China’s oil and gas source rocks and their hydrocarbon generation rules[J].Coal Geology of China,1995,7(1):47-51.
[13]姚素平,张景荣,金奎励,等.准噶尔盆地侏罗纪含煤地层沉积有机相研究[J].西北地质科学,1996(2):75-84.YAO Suping,ZHANG Jingrong,JIN Kuili,et al.The study on sedimentary organic facies of Jurassic series in Junggar basin[J].Northwestern Geology,1996(2):75-84.
[14]史俊.我国南方龙潭煤系镜亮煤,藻烛煤,树皮煤成烃规律研究[J].中国煤田地质,1993,5(2):23-27.SHI Jun.The study on the law of light coal,algal candle coal and bark coal in South China’s Longtan coal system[J].Coal Geology of China,1993,5(2):23-27.
[15]向龙.不同环境成因腐殖煤生气潜力差异的模拟实验研究[D].荆州:长江大学,2015.
[16]黄第藩,华阿新,王铁冠,等.煤成油地球化学新进展[M].北京:石油工业出版社,1992:1-20.
[17]程克明.吐哈盆地油气生成[M].北京:石油工业出版社,1994.
[18]郭贵安,陈义才,张代生,等.吐哈盆地侏罗系热模拟生烃演化特征研究[J].西南石油大学学报(自然科学版),2005,27(4):13-15.GUO Gui’an,CHEN Yicai,ZHANG Daisheng,et al.The evolution characteristics of Jurassic thermal simulation in Turpan Hami basin[J].Journal of Southwest Petroleum University(Natural Science Edition),2005,27(4):13-15.
[19]秦建中,刘宝泉.海相不同类型烃源岩生排烃模式研究[C]//全国有机地球化学学术会议,2005:74-80.