煤气化渣对水泥混凝土性能的影响
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摘要
为探讨煤气化渣应用于水泥混凝土的可行性,将2种类型的煤气化渣分别制备混凝土试件并对其性能进行研究。采用扫描电镜和能谱仪分析煤气化渣微观结构与元素组成,并测试其基本物理性能;进一步研磨煤气化渣,制备掺煤气化渣混凝土试件,测试混凝土的抗压强度、干缩性能,并与普通混凝土性能进行比较。结果表明:煤气化渣组分中含有大量非晶态胶凝活性物质,在混凝土中掺入研磨后的粗渣,其抗压强度远高于基准混凝土,且随着龄期延长后期强度持续上升;掺细渣混凝土强度低于基准混凝土,且细渣研磨后对强度增长不大;掺煤气化渣有利于减小混凝土干缩率,煤气化渣研磨后比表面积增大,混凝土干缩率略有增大;综合考虑,推荐在混凝土中使用研磨后的粗渣部分替代天然砂作为混凝土细集料。
In order to investigate the feasibility of coal gasification slag used in cement concrete,two types of coal gasification slags were prepared separately for concrete specimens and their performances were studied.The microstructure and element composition of slags were analyzed by scanning electron microscopy and energy dispersive spectroscopy,and their basic physical properties were tested.The coal gasification slags were further milled and then prepared for concrete specimens,the compressive strength and dry shrinkage performance were tested and compared with those of common concrete.The results show that the coal gasification slags contain lots of amorphous cement active materials.The compressive strength of concrete with milled coarse slag is much higher than that of the reference concrete,and its later strength increases as the curing time extending.The compressive strength of concrete with milled fine slag is lower than that of reference concrete and its strength isn't improved obviously for milled fine slag.The coal gasification slag is helpful to reduce the shrinkage of concrete,but the specific surface area of coal gasification slag increases after milling and leads to the dry shrinkage rate of concrete rising slightly.In consideration of the above results,it is recommended to replace the natural sand as the fine aggregate in concrete by using the milled coarse slag.
In order to investigate the feasibility of coal gasification slag used in cement concrete,two types of coal gasification slags were prepared separately for concrete specimens and their performances were studied.The microstructure and element composition of slags were analyzed by scanning electron microscopy and energy dispersive spectroscopy,and their basic physical properties were tested.The coal gasification slags were further milled and then prepared for concrete specimens,the compressive strength and dry shrinkage performance were tested and compared with those of common concrete.The results show that the coal gasification slags contain lots of amorphous cement active materials.The compressive strength of concrete with milled coarse slag is much higher than that of the reference concrete,and its later strength increases as the curing time extending.The compressive strength of concrete with milled fine slag is lower than that of reference concrete and its strength isn't improved obviously for milled fine slag.The coal gasification slag is helpful to reduce the shrinkage of concrete,but the specific surface area of coal gasification slag increases after milling and leads to the dry shrinkage rate of concrete rising slightly.In consideration of the above results,it is recommended to replace the natural sand as the fine aggregate in concrete by using the milled coarse slag.
引文
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[15]刘建忠,孙伟,缪昌文,等.矿物掺合料对低水胶比混凝土干缩和自收缩的影响[J].东南大学学报:自然科学版,2009,39(3):580-585.LIU Jian-zhong,SUN Wei,MIAO Chang-wen,et al.Effect of Mineral Admixtures on Drying and Autogenous Shrinkage of Concrete with Low Water-to-binder Ratio[J].Journal of Southeast University:Natural Science Edition,2009,39(3):580-585.
[16]朱鹏,李宗阳,屈文俊,等.掺稻壳灰活性粉末混凝土配合比试验[J].建筑科学与工程学报,2015,32(6):58-65.ZHU Peng,LI Zong-yang,QU Wen-jun,et al.Experiment on Mix Proportion of Reactive Powder Concrete with Rice Husk Ash[J].Journal of Architecture and Civil Engineering,2015,32(6):58-65.
[2]许慎启.煤气化反应动力学及渣中残碳反应活性研究[D].上海:华东理工大学,2010.XU Shen-qi.Gasification Kinetics Study of Coal Char and Unburned Carbon in Slag[D].Shanghai:East China University of Science and Technology,2010.
[3]王辅臣,于广锁,龚欣,等.大型煤气化技术的研究与发展[J].化工进展,2009,28(2):173-180.WANG Fu-chen,YU Guang-suo,GONG Xin,et al.Research and Development of Large-scale Coal Gasification Technology[J].Chemical Industry and Engineering Progress,2009,28(2):173-180.
[4]杨帅,石立军.煤气化细渣组分分析及其综合利用探讨[J].煤化工,2013(4):29-31,38.YANG Shuai,SHI Li-jun.Composition Analysis of the Fine Slag from Coal Gasification and Its Comprehensive Utilization[J].Coal Chemical Industry,2013(4):29-31,38.
[5]赵永彬,吴辉,蔡晓亮,等.煤气化残渣的基本特性研究[J].洁净煤技术,2015,21(3):110-113,74.ZHAO Yong-bin,WU Hui,CAI Xiao-liang,et al.Basic Characteristics of Coal Gasification Residual[J].Clean Coal Technology,2015,21(3):110-113,74.
[6]HORIGUCHI I,SHIRAI A,WATANABE M,et al.Fundamental Study on Concrete with Coal Gasification Slag[J].Cement Science and Concrete Technology,2012,66(1):615-621.
[7]POMYKALA R.The Mechanical Properties of Coal Gasification Slag as a Component of Concrete and Binding Mixtures[J].Polish Journal of Environmental Studies,2014,23(4):1403-1406.
[8]于遵宏,王辅臣.煤炭气化技术[M].北京:化学工业出版社,2010.YU Zun-hong,WANG Fu-chen.Coal Gasification Technology[M].Beijing:Chemical Industry Press,2010.
[9]吴治国.煤气化原理及其技术发展方向[J].石油炼制与化工,2015,46(4):22-28.WU Zhi-guo.Coal Gasification Principle and Its Technology Development Direction[J].Petroleum Processing and Petrochemicals,2015,46(4):22-28.
[10]WU S Y,HUANG S,JI L Y,et al.Structure Characteristics and Gasification Activity of Residual Carbon from Entrained-flow Coal Gasification Slag[J].Fuel,2014,122:67-75.
[11]ZHAO X D,ZENG C,MAO Y Y,et al.The Surface Characteristics and Residual Carbon in Coal Gasification Slag[J].Energy and Fuels,2009,24(1):91-94.
[12]高旭霞,郭晓镭,龚欣.气流床煤气化渣的特征[J].华东理工大学学报:自然科学版,2009,35(5):677-683.GAO Xu-xia,GUO Xiao-lei,GONG Xin.Characterization of Slag from Entrained-flow Coal Gasification[J].Journal of East China University of Science and Technology:Natural Science Edition,2009,35(5):677-683.
[13]JTG E30—2005,公路工程水泥及水泥混凝土试验规程[S].JTG E30—2005,Test Methods of Cement and Concrete for Highway Engineering[S].
[14]GB/T 50082—2009,普通混凝土长期性能和耐久性能试验方法标准[S].GB/T 50082—2009,Standard for Test Methods of Long-term Performance and Durability of Ordinary Concrete[S].
[15]刘建忠,孙伟,缪昌文,等.矿物掺合料对低水胶比混凝土干缩和自收缩的影响[J].东南大学学报:自然科学版,2009,39(3):580-585.LIU Jian-zhong,SUN Wei,MIAO Chang-wen,et al.Effect of Mineral Admixtures on Drying and Autogenous Shrinkage of Concrete with Low Water-to-binder Ratio[J].Journal of Southeast University:Natural Science Edition,2009,39(3):580-585.
[16]朱鹏,李宗阳,屈文俊,等.掺稻壳灰活性粉末混凝土配合比试验[J].建筑科学与工程学报,2015,32(6):58-65.ZHU Peng,LI Zong-yang,QU Wen-jun,et al.Experiment on Mix Proportion of Reactive Powder Concrete with Rice Husk Ash[J].Journal of Architecture and Civil Engineering,2015,32(6):58-65.