基于幅频特性的振动弛张筛工况调试的研究
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摘要
振动弛张筛工况的合理性与稳定性对其筛分性能和处理能力有很大的影响。本文基于双质体有阻尼线性振动理论建立反映其振动特性的力学模型,通过数学和动力学分析,揭示其主要动态参数:剪切弹簧阻尼比ξ_2、偏心质量矩M_r、剪切刚度k_(2x)和质量比μ(浮动筛框与主动筛框的质量比)对工况点幅频特性的影响规律,并通过试验进行分析验证。结果表明:工况频域内可以忽略阻尼比对相对振幅的影响;质量比约为0.3时既不会过多增加参振质体质量,又可以降低物料对振动系统的影响;调整剪切刚度,使其工况位于稳定的频域;增减偏心质量矩,可线性增减其相对振幅。提出了一种合理的调试方法,先调节质量比,再调整剪切刚度,最后增减偏心质量矩,保证工业弛张筛在达到合理相对振幅时工况点位于稳定的频域区间,完善振动弛张筛在工况调试时的理论和技术支持。
The rationality and stability of the vibrating flip-flow screen have a great influence on its screening performance and processing capability.In this paper,we established a mechanical model to reflect its vibration characteristics based on the theory of double-body damping linear vibration.Through mathematical and dynamic analysis,the main dynamic parameters such as:damping ratio ξ_2,eccentricity mass moment M_r,shear stiffness k_(2x),and mass ratio μ(mass ratio of floating screen frame and main screen frame) on the amplitude-frequency characteristics of the operating point are verified through tests.The results show that the damping ratio has negligible influence on the relative amplitude in the frequency domain,and the mass ratio μ≈0.3 is appropriate,which could not increase the mass of the vibrating flip-flow screen,but also reduce the impact of the material on the vibration system.Adjusted shear stiffness could make the working condition in the stable frequency domain;Increasing or decreasing the eccentricity mass moment can increase or decrease the relative amplitude linearly.The method of first regulating μ,then adjusting k_(2x),and finally increasing or decreasing M_r is proposed to ensure that the industrial flip-flow screen is located in a stable frequency domain when a reasonable relative amplitude is achieved.This improves the theoretical and technical support of the vibrating flip-flow screen.
The rationality and stability of the vibrating flip-flow screen have a great influence on its screening performance and processing capability.In this paper,we established a mechanical model to reflect its vibration characteristics based on the theory of double-body damping linear vibration.Through mathematical and dynamic analysis,the main dynamic parameters such as:damping ratio ξ_2,eccentricity mass moment M_r,shear stiffness k_(2x),and mass ratio μ(mass ratio of floating screen frame and main screen frame) on the amplitude-frequency characteristics of the operating point are verified through tests.The results show that the damping ratio has negligible influence on the relative amplitude in the frequency domain,and the mass ratio μ≈0.3 is appropriate,which could not increase the mass of the vibrating flip-flow screen,but also reduce the impact of the material on the vibration system.Adjusted shear stiffness could make the working condition in the stable frequency domain;Increasing or decreasing the eccentricity mass moment can increase or decrease the relative amplitude linearly.The method of first regulating μ,then adjusting k_(2x),and finally increasing or decreasing M_r is proposed to ensure that the industrial flip-flow screen is located in a stable frequency domain when a reasonable relative amplitude is achieved.This improves the theoretical and technical support of the vibrating flip-flow screen.
引文
[1] 范超群,赵洪宇,纪龙,等.弛张筛筛分效果影响因素及发展趋势分析[J].选煤技术,2013(1):88-90.Fan Chaoqun,Zhao Hongyu,Ji Long,et al.Development trend and the factors influencing working effect of flip-flow screen[J].Coal Preparation Technology,2013(1):88-90.
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[11] 顾成祥,熊晓燕.圆迹弛张筛动力学参数对振幅的影响[J].煤炭技术,2014,33(12):238-241.Gu Chengxiang,Xiong Xiaoyan.Effect of dynamic parameters on vibration amplitude of flip-flop screen in circular trajectory[J].Coal Technology,2014,33(12):238-241.
[12] Cveticanin L,Zukovic M,Balthazar J M.Two degree-of-freedom oscillator coupled to a non-ideal source[J].International Journal of Non-Linear Mechanics.2017,94(S1):125-133.
[13] 陈志强,石剑锋,刘欣,等.双质体振动弛张筛振动特性分析[J].煤炭工程,2014,46(11):113-118.Chen Zhiqiang,Shi Jianfeng,Liu xin,et al.Analysis on vibration characteristics of double mass vibrating flip -flow screen[J].Coal Engineering,2014,46(11):113-118.
[14] 翟宏新.基于幅频特性的工业型弛张筛合理工作点的确定[J].煤炭学报,2007,32(7):753-756.Zhai Hongxin.Determination of the operation range for flip-flow screen in industrial scale based on amplitude-frequency response[J].Journal of China Coal Society.2007,32(7):753-756.
[15] 王新文.现代选煤筛分与脱水设备[M].北京:煤炭工业出版社,2015:37-53.
[16] 闻邦椿,刘树英,陈照波,等.机械振动理论及应用 [M].北京:高等教育出版社,2009.
[17] 宫三朋,王新文,于驰,等.有阻尼振动弛张筛主、浮筛框运动规律的研究[J].煤炭工程,2018,50(8):126-132.Gong Sanpeng,Wang Xinwen,Yu Chi,et al.Study on the motion law of main and floating screen frame of vibrating flip-flow screen with damping[J].Coal Engineering,2018,50(8):126-132.
[18] 宫三朋,王新文,赵国锋,等.振动弛张筛驱动位置对主、浮筛框运动特性的影响[J].矿业科学学报,2018,3(5):500-507.Gong Sanpeng,Wang Xinwen,Zhao Guofeng,et al.The influence of driving position of flip-flow screen on motion characteristic of main and floating screen frame[J].Journal of Mining Science and Technology,2018,3(5):500-507.
[19] 王新文,姚凯旋,张春节,等.进口振动弛张筛的工作机理分析[J].矿山机械,2014,42(5):87-90.Wang Xinwen,Yao Kaixuan,Zhang Chunjie,et al.Analysis on working mechanism of imported vibrating flip-flow screen[J].Mining & Processing Equipment,2014,42(5):87-90.
[20] 王新文,桑冬一,赵军生,等.弛张筛筛面安装方式对其寿命影响的分析研究[J].煤矿机械,2015,36(7):237-239.Wang Xinwen,Sang Dongyi,Zhao Junsheng,et al.Analysis and research on effect of flip-flow screen surface installation to life[J].Coal Mine Machinery,2015,36(7):237-239.
[2] 赵跃民,刘初升,张成勇.煤炭干法筛分理论与设备的进展[J].煤,2008,17(2):15-18.Zhao Yuemin,Liu Chusheng,Zhang Chengyong.Progressing of coal screening theory and equipment[J].Coal,2008,17(2):15-18.
[3] 张学斌,谢家勇,李发科,等.BFS3080RDD弛张筛在选煤厂的应用研究[J].煤炭科学技术,2016,44(9):150-154.Zhang Xuebin,Xie Jiayong,Li Fake,et al.Research and application of BFS3080RDD flip flow screen to coal preparation plant[J].Coal Science and Technology,2016,44(9):150-154.
[4] Peng L,Li F,Dong H,et al.Characteristics analysis of a novel centralized-driving flip-flow screen[J].International Journal of Mining Science and Technology,2014,24(2):195-200.
[5] 陈文刊.弛张筛在选煤设计中的应用[J].矿山机械,2016,44(12):59-63.Chen Wenkan.Application of flip-flop screen in coal dressing design[J].Mining Machinery,2016,44(12):59-63.
[6] Xiong X Y,Niu L K,Gu C X,et al.Vibration characteristic of an inclined flip-flow screen panel in banana flip-flow screens[J].Journal of Sound and Vibration,2017,411:108-128.
[7] 石焕,程宏志,刘万超.我国选煤技术现状及发展趋势[J].煤炭科学技术,2016,44(6):169-174.Shi Huan,Cheng Hongzhi,Liu Wanchao.Present status and development trend of China's coal preparation technology[J].Coal Science and Technology,2016,44(6):169-174.
[8] Cveticanin L.Vibartion of a coupled two-degree-of-freedom system[J].Journal of Sound and Vibration,2001,247(2):279-292.
[9] Wang Bortsuen,Cheng Dengkai.Modal analysis by free vibration response only for discrete and continuous systems[J].Journal of Sound and Vibration,2011,330(16):3913-3929.
[10] 刘初生,赵跃民.弛张筛筛面动态特性及其工艺参数的研究[J].中国矿业大学学报,2000,29(3):290-292.Liu Chusheng,Zhao Yuemin.Research on screen surface dynamic charaters and technical parameters of flip-flow screen[J].Journal of China University of Mining & Technology,2000,29(3):290-292.
[11] 顾成祥,熊晓燕.圆迹弛张筛动力学参数对振幅的影响[J].煤炭技术,2014,33(12):238-241.Gu Chengxiang,Xiong Xiaoyan.Effect of dynamic parameters on vibration amplitude of flip-flop screen in circular trajectory[J].Coal Technology,2014,33(12):238-241.
[12] Cveticanin L,Zukovic M,Balthazar J M.Two degree-of-freedom oscillator coupled to a non-ideal source[J].International Journal of Non-Linear Mechanics.2017,94(S1):125-133.
[13] 陈志强,石剑锋,刘欣,等.双质体振动弛张筛振动特性分析[J].煤炭工程,2014,46(11):113-118.Chen Zhiqiang,Shi Jianfeng,Liu xin,et al.Analysis on vibration characteristics of double mass vibrating flip -flow screen[J].Coal Engineering,2014,46(11):113-118.
[14] 翟宏新.基于幅频特性的工业型弛张筛合理工作点的确定[J].煤炭学报,2007,32(7):753-756.Zhai Hongxin.Determination of the operation range for flip-flow screen in industrial scale based on amplitude-frequency response[J].Journal of China Coal Society.2007,32(7):753-756.
[15] 王新文.现代选煤筛分与脱水设备[M].北京:煤炭工业出版社,2015:37-53.
[16] 闻邦椿,刘树英,陈照波,等.机械振动理论及应用 [M].北京:高等教育出版社,2009.
[17] 宫三朋,王新文,于驰,等.有阻尼振动弛张筛主、浮筛框运动规律的研究[J].煤炭工程,2018,50(8):126-132.Gong Sanpeng,Wang Xinwen,Yu Chi,et al.Study on the motion law of main and floating screen frame of vibrating flip-flow screen with damping[J].Coal Engineering,2018,50(8):126-132.
[18] 宫三朋,王新文,赵国锋,等.振动弛张筛驱动位置对主、浮筛框运动特性的影响[J].矿业科学学报,2018,3(5):500-507.Gong Sanpeng,Wang Xinwen,Zhao Guofeng,et al.The influence of driving position of flip-flow screen on motion characteristic of main and floating screen frame[J].Journal of Mining Science and Technology,2018,3(5):500-507.
[19] 王新文,姚凯旋,张春节,等.进口振动弛张筛的工作机理分析[J].矿山机械,2014,42(5):87-90.Wang Xinwen,Yao Kaixuan,Zhang Chunjie,et al.Analysis on working mechanism of imported vibrating flip-flow screen[J].Mining & Processing Equipment,2014,42(5):87-90.
[20] 王新文,桑冬一,赵军生,等.弛张筛筛面安装方式对其寿命影响的分析研究[J].煤矿机械,2015,36(7):237-239.Wang Xinwen,Sang Dongyi,Zhao Junsheng,et al.Analysis and research on effect of flip-flow screen surface installation to life[J].Coal Mine Machinery,2015,36(7):237-239.