农村失能老人照护模式的优化选择:基于资本配置的视角
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摘要
完善农村失能老人照护是我国构建和谐社会的重要一环,而资本有效配置是照护模式优化选择的必然结果。将农村失能老人照护分为家庭照护、政府照护、机构照护三种模式,从资本配置维度并采取效用函数解析了照护模式选择的均衡性及其约束条件。结果表明,资本最优配置需要满足政府照护支出效用的弹性系数小于家庭照护支出效用的弹性系数,而机构照护支出效用的弹性系数与农村居民人均纯收入和机构照护支出临界值的差额直接相关,且农村失能老人的政府照护支出、机构照护支出均与家庭照护支出之间存在互补关系。
Improving the care of disabled elderly in rural areas is an important part of building a harmonious society in China,and the effective allocation of capital is the inevitable result of optimizing the choice of care mode.The rural disabled elderly care is divided into three modes:family care,government care and institutional care.The equilibrium and constraints of the choice of care mode are analyzed from the dimension of capital allocation and the utility function.The results show that the elasticity coefficient of the optimal allocation of capital to meet the needs of government expenditure on care is smaller than that of family expenditure on care,while the elasticity coefficient of institutional expenditure on care is directly related to the difference between the per capita net income of rural residents and the critical value of institutional expenditure on care.There exists complementary relationships among family expenditure on care,governmental expenditure on care and institutional expenditure on care.
Improving the care of disabled elderly in rural areas is an important part of building a harmonious society in China,and the effective allocation of capital is the inevitable result of optimizing the choice of care mode.The rural disabled elderly care is divided into three modes:family care,government care and institutional care.The equilibrium and constraints of the choice of care mode are analyzed from the dimension of capital allocation and the utility function.The results show that the elasticity coefficient of the optimal allocation of capital to meet the needs of government expenditure on care is smaller than that of family expenditure on care,while the elasticity coefficient of institutional expenditure on care is directly related to the difference between the per capita net income of rural residents and the critical value of institutional expenditure on care.There exists complementary relationships among family expenditure on care,governmental expenditure on care and institutional expenditure on care.
引文
[1]我国60岁及以上老年人达2.41亿[EB/OL].(2018-02-27)[2018-10-11].https://baijiahao.baidu.com/s?id=1593517062016882622&wfr=spider&for=pc.
[2]赵怀娟.城市失能老人机构照护需要及需要满足研究——以南京市调查为例[J].中国卫生事业管理,2013(4):315-319.
[3]王娟,刘婕,张娴.浅析我国社区失能老人照护存在的问题与解决对策[J].中国卫生标准管理,2016(4):26-28.
[4]刘西国,刘晓慧.基于家庭禀赋的失能老人照护模式偏好研究[J].人口与经济,2018(3):56-66.
[5]邓子纲,雷俊.失能老人长期照护体系建设及产业化的三个维度[J].社会保障研究,2014(4):44-49.
[6]杨福,余红剑.国内失能老人长期照料模式研究综述[J].卫生软科学,2015(7):419-422.
[7]刘慧敏,刘跃,李艾春,等.医养结合背景下失能老人机构照护服务需求指标体系构建[J].护理管理杂志,2018(4):244-248.
[8]郑桂芳,刘金叶,孙晖,等.德州市阿尔茨海默病患者及其照护家属相关伦理学问题调查及分析[J].德州学院学报,2018(2):50-54.
[9]刘丹.基本公共服务均等化视角下我国农村老年照护服务研究[J].重庆工商大学学报(社会科学版),2013(5):60-67.
[10]刘伊东儿.城市化背景下农村失能老人长期照护困境及对策建议[J].知识经济,2017(9):39-40.
[11]高利平.农村失能老人照护方式及社会支持研究[J].人口与发展,2015(4):92-102.
[12]熊吉峰.农村失能老人家庭照护者照护行为的理论分析与实证检验[J].农林经济管理学报,2014(2):216-222.
[13]曾明星,孙从军,王晓波,等.武陵山片区农村失能老人长期照护服务多元供给主体研究[J].怀化学院学报,2016(10):25-29.
[14]张志元,郑吉友.我国农村失能老人居家养老服务多元供给思考[J].河北经贸大学学报,2018(5):102-107.
[15]唐咏.去碎片化:中国老年长期照护政策的整体化路径[J].深圳大学学报(人文社会科学版),2012(5):83-88.
[16]刘欢.社会保障支出地区差异与老龄人口生活质量[J].宏观质量研究,2018(2):73-86.
[17]熊吉峰.农村失能老人家庭照护对照护者生计行为的影响研究[J].求索,2014(4):31-34.
[18]首次低于30%!中国恩格尔系数已进入发达国家行列?[EB/OL].(2018-04-17)[2018-10-19].http://3g.163.com/money/article_cambrian/DFIA42QD002580S6.html#qd=cambrian.
[19]2017年全国各省城镇及农村人均可支配收入对比,你是否又拖后腿?[EB/OL].(2018-05-14)[2018-10-28].https://baijiahao.baidu.com/s?id=1600359064146079253&wfr=spider&for=pc.
(1)常数项为无论是否考虑资金使用效率都需要投入的成本。
[2]赵怀娟.城市失能老人机构照护需要及需要满足研究——以南京市调查为例[J].中国卫生事业管理,2013(4):315-319.
[3]王娟,刘婕,张娴.浅析我国社区失能老人照护存在的问题与解决对策[J].中国卫生标准管理,2016(4):26-28.
[4]刘西国,刘晓慧.基于家庭禀赋的失能老人照护模式偏好研究[J].人口与经济,2018(3):56-66.
[5]邓子纲,雷俊.失能老人长期照护体系建设及产业化的三个维度[J].社会保障研究,2014(4):44-49.
[6]杨福,余红剑.国内失能老人长期照料模式研究综述[J].卫生软科学,2015(7):419-422.
[7]刘慧敏,刘跃,李艾春,等.医养结合背景下失能老人机构照护服务需求指标体系构建[J].护理管理杂志,2018(4):244-248.
[8]郑桂芳,刘金叶,孙晖,等.德州市阿尔茨海默病患者及其照护家属相关伦理学问题调查及分析[J].德州学院学报,2018(2):50-54.
[9]刘丹.基本公共服务均等化视角下我国农村老年照护服务研究[J].重庆工商大学学报(社会科学版),2013(5):60-67.
[10]刘伊东儿.城市化背景下农村失能老人长期照护困境及对策建议[J].知识经济,2017(9):39-40.
[11]高利平.农村失能老人照护方式及社会支持研究[J].人口与发展,2015(4):92-102.
[12]熊吉峰.农村失能老人家庭照护者照护行为的理论分析与实证检验[J].农林经济管理学报,2014(2):216-222.
[13]曾明星,孙从军,王晓波,等.武陵山片区农村失能老人长期照护服务多元供给主体研究[J].怀化学院学报,2016(10):25-29.
[14]张志元,郑吉友.我国农村失能老人居家养老服务多元供给思考[J].河北经贸大学学报,2018(5):102-107.
[15]唐咏.去碎片化:中国老年长期照护政策的整体化路径[J].深圳大学学报(人文社会科学版),2012(5):83-88.
[16]刘欢.社会保障支出地区差异与老龄人口生活质量[J].宏观质量研究,2018(2):73-86.
[17]熊吉峰.农村失能老人家庭照护对照护者生计行为的影响研究[J].求索,2014(4):31-34.
[18]首次低于30%!中国恩格尔系数已进入发达国家行列?[EB/OL].(2018-04-17)[2018-10-19].http://3g.163.com/money/article_cambrian/DFIA42QD002580S6.html#qd=cambrian.
[19]2017年全国各省城镇及农村人均可支配收入对比,你是否又拖后腿?[EB/OL].(2018-05-14)[2018-10-28].https://baijiahao.baidu.com/s?id=1600359064146079253&wfr=spider&for=pc.
(1)常数项为无论是否考虑资金使用效率都需要投入的成本。