老年痴呆家庭照护者照护能力现状及影响因素研究
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摘要
目的了解老年痴呆病人家庭照护者的照护能力并分析其影响因素。方法抽取贵阳市6所三甲医院住院或门诊就诊的老年痴呆病人的家庭照护者122例进行照护能力问卷调查。结果家庭照护者照护能力总得分为(25. 40±4. 11)分;照护者悲伤程度总得分为(64. 10±8. 71)分;应对方式各维度得分分别为积极问题关注(9. 61±4. 99)分,积极情绪关注(5. 48±2. 82)分,消极问题关注(2. 81±2. 62)分,消极情绪关注(5. 24±2. 31)分,心理疏导(1. 18±0. 70)分。单因素分析显示,年龄、文化程度、健康状况、疾病了解程度及病人病情严重程度与照护者的照护能力得分有关(P<0. 05)。悲伤程度总分与照护能力总分呈负相关(r=-0. 190,P<0. 05),应对方式为积极问题关注、积极情绪关注及心理疏导与照护能力各维度均呈正相关(P<0. 01)。多元线性回归分析显示,文化程度、健康状况、疾病了解程度、积极问题关注、积极情绪关注、忧虑及被孤立感是影响照护者照护能力的因素。结论老年痴呆家庭照护者照护能力水平整体较低,照护者文化程度、健康状况、疾病了解程度、应对方式、悲伤程度是其照护能力的影响因素。
Objective To evaluate the care ability of family caregivers of dementia patients and to analyze the influencing factors. Methods A total of 122 caregivers of hospitalized patients or outpatients in 6 hospitals in Guiyang were surveyed by general situation questionnaire,Family Care-giving Competence Scale for the Elderly(FCCSE),Marwit-Meuser Caregivers Grief Inventory-Short Form(MMCGI-SF) and Simplified Coping Style Questionnaire(SCSQ). Results The score of care ability was25. 40±4. 11,the score of sadness was 64. 10 ± 8. 71,and the score of coping style was 24. 32 ± 8. 50 in caregivers of dementia patients. The care ability scores of caregivers with different ages,degree of education,health status,recognition of the disease and severity of the disease of the patients were significantly different(P<0. 05). The scores of sadness were negatively correlated with the scores of care ability and its domains(r =-0. 190,P< 0. 01),while the scores of positive issues concern,positive emotional attention and psychological counseling were positively correlated with the scores of care ability(P<0. 01). Multivariate regression showed that education,physical condition,recognition of the disease,positive coping style,anxious and sense of isolation were influencing factors of care ability. Conclusions Family caregivers of patients with dementia have a lower level of care ability. The influencing factors of care-giving competence of caregivers are their degree of education,physical condition,recognition of the disease,positive coping style,anxious and sense of isolation.
Objective To evaluate the care ability of family caregivers of dementia patients and to analyze the influencing factors. Methods A total of 122 caregivers of hospitalized patients or outpatients in 6 hospitals in Guiyang were surveyed by general situation questionnaire,Family Care-giving Competence Scale for the Elderly(FCCSE),Marwit-Meuser Caregivers Grief Inventory-Short Form(MMCGI-SF) and Simplified Coping Style Questionnaire(SCSQ). Results The score of care ability was25. 40±4. 11,the score of sadness was 64. 10 ± 8. 71,and the score of coping style was 24. 32 ± 8. 50 in caregivers of dementia patients. The care ability scores of caregivers with different ages,degree of education,health status,recognition of the disease and severity of the disease of the patients were significantly different(P<0. 05). The scores of sadness were negatively correlated with the scores of care ability and its domains(r =-0. 190,P< 0. 01),while the scores of positive issues concern,positive emotional attention and psychological counseling were positively correlated with the scores of care ability(P<0. 01). Multivariate regression showed that education,physical condition,recognition of the disease,positive coping style,anxious and sense of isolation were influencing factors of care ability. Conclusions Family caregivers of patients with dementia have a lower level of care ability. The influencing factors of care-giving competence of caregivers are their degree of education,physical condition,recognition of the disease,positive coping style,anxious and sense of isolation.
引文
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[9] Marwit SJ,Meuser TM.Development and initial validation of an inventory to assess grief in caregivers of persons with Alzheimer's disease[J]. Gerontologist,2002,42(6):751-765.
[10] Brodaty H,Woodward M,Boundy K,et al. Prevalence and predictors of burden in caregivers of people with dementia[J].Am J Geriatr Psychiatry,2014,22(8):756-765.
[2]王永红.外科大手术患者主要照护者照护能力、照护负荷及照护相关健康教育需求的研究[D].复旦大学,2012.
[3]刘群,吴荣琴,孙复林.老年期痴呆患者照顾者负担及其相关因素调查[J].上海精神医学,2009,21(4):234-236.
[4] Realdon O,Rossetto F,Nalin M,et al. Technology-enhanced multi-domain at home continuum of care program with respect to usual care for people with cognitive impairment:the AbilityTelereh ABILITation study protocol for a randomized controlled trial[J].BMC Psychiatry,2016,16(1):425-433.
[5]王永红,胡雁,陈三妹,等.大型外科手术患者主要照护者照护能力问卷的信效度研究[J].护士进修杂志,2011,26(15):1349-1351.
[6] Kuo LM,Huang HL,Hsu WC,et al. Home-based caregiver training:Benefits differ by care receivers'dementia diagnosis[J].Geriatr Nurs,2016,37(5):376-384.
[7] McCabe M,You E,Tatangelo G.Hearing their voice:A systematic review of dementia family caregivers'needs[J].Gerontologist,2016,56(5):70-88.
[8] Kerpershoek L,de Vugt M,Wolfs C,et al.Needs and quality of life of people with middle stage dementia and their family carers from the European Actifcare study. When informal care alone may not suffice[J].Aging Ment Health,2018,22(7):897-902.
[9] Marwit SJ,Meuser TM.Development and initial validation of an inventory to assess grief in caregivers of persons with Alzheimer's disease[J]. Gerontologist,2002,42(6):751-765.
[10] Brodaty H,Woodward M,Boundy K,et al. Prevalence and predictors of burden in caregivers of people with dementia[J].Am J Geriatr Psychiatry,2014,22(8):756-765.