轨道非平稳不平顺激扰下高速列车半主动控制研究
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摘要
为改善轨道非平稳随机不平顺对列车动力学性能的影响,基于高速列车线路运行的重复性以及周期性,采用变步长迭代寻优控制算法,建立高速列车抗蛇行减振器半主动变阻尼控制系统,以转向架横向加速度峰值为目标函数,不断迭代寻找最有利于列车动力学性能的减振器阻尼值,改善了传统列车定阻尼值的弊端。多体动力学软件和控制系统仿真软件相结合联合仿真,仿真分析表明,轨道非平稳随机不平顺会使得车体和构架横向加速度、轮对横向力以及轮轨磨耗以倍数增加,严重影响列车动力学性能;通过变阻尼控制之后,构架横向加速度、轮对横向力以及轮对磨耗明显减小,车体横向加速度也略有减小,能够改善列车动力学性能,提高列车运行安全性与平稳性。
In order to improve the effects of the track non-stationary random irregularity on the dynamic performance of the train,based on the repetition and periodicity of high-speed train in line running,the semi active variable damping control system of high speed train yaw damper was established by the variable-step iterative optimization control algorithm,taking the peak of the lateral acceleration of the bogie as the objective function,to find the dampering value which was the most beneficial to train dynamic performance,and to improve the disadvantages of the traditional train fixed damping value. By combining multi body dynamics software with simulation software of control system,simulation results show that track nonstationary random irregularity made the train body and frame lateral acceleration,wheel lateral force and the wheel rail wear increased by multiples,and seriously affected the dynamic performance of the train. Then,the lateral acceleration,wheel lateral force and the wheel wear was significantly reduced,the lateral acceleration of train body also was decreased slightly after the variable damping control. So the control can improve the dynamic performance of the train and improve the safety and stability of the train.
In order to improve the effects of the track non-stationary random irregularity on the dynamic performance of the train,based on the repetition and periodicity of high-speed train in line running,the semi active variable damping control system of high speed train yaw damper was established by the variable-step iterative optimization control algorithm,taking the peak of the lateral acceleration of the bogie as the objective function,to find the dampering value which was the most beneficial to train dynamic performance,and to improve the disadvantages of the traditional train fixed damping value. By combining multi body dynamics software with simulation software of control system,simulation results show that track nonstationary random irregularity made the train body and frame lateral acceleration,wheel lateral force and the wheel rail wear increased by multiples,and seriously affected the dynamic performance of the train. Then,the lateral acceleration,wheel lateral force and the wheel wear was significantly reduced,the lateral acceleration of train body also was decreased slightly after the variable damping control. So the control can improve the dynamic performance of the train and improve the safety and stability of the train.
引文
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[9]王开云,翟婉明,刘建新.线路不平顺波长对提速列车横向舒适性影响[J].交通运输工程学报,2007(1):1-5.(Wang Kai-yun,Zhai Wan-ming,Liu Jian-xin.Effect of rail irregularity wavelength on lateral running comfort of speed raised train[J].Journal of Traffic and Transportation Engineering,2007(1):1-5.)
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[11]李国勇.最优控制理论与应用[M].北京:国防工业出版社,2008.(Li Guo-yong.Optimal Control Theory and Applications[M].Beijing:National Defense Industry Press,2008.)
[2]Raghunathan R S,Kim H D,Setoguchi T.Aerodynamics of high-speed railway train[J].Progress in Aerospace Sciences,2002,38(6):469-514.
[3]陈春俊.高速列车横向主动/半主动悬挂控制研究[M].成都:西南交通大学出版社,2015.(Chen Chun-jun.Research on Active and semi-active Control of Lateral Suspension Systems for High-speed Railway Vehicle[M].Chengdu:Southwest Jiaotong University Press,2015.)
[4]罗光兵,曾京.基于弹性结构的轨道车辆振动分析[J].机械设计与制造,2013(5):67-69+73.(Luo Guang-bing,Zeng Jing.Dynamic analysis of the railway vehicle with elastic structure[J].Machinery Design&Manufacture,2013(5):67-69+73.)
[5]张立军,张天侠.车辆非平稳行驶状态下的半主动悬架控制[J].振动与冲击,2010(6):189-193+244.(Zhang Li-jun,Zhang Tian-xia.Semi-activ control of wehicle suspension under nonstationary running condition[J].Journal of Vibration and Shock,2010(6):189-193+244.)
[6]陈春俊,何洪阳,闫中奎.气动载荷作用下高速列车横向振动虚拟惯性阻尼半主动控制研究[J].振动与冲击,2016(20):60-64.(Chen Chun-jun,He Hong-yang,Yan Zhong-kui.Virtual inertial damping semi-active control for high-speed-train lateral vibration under aerodynamic loads[J].Journal of Vibration and Shock,2016(20):60-64.)
[7]高建敏,翟婉明.高速铁路钢轨焊接区不平顺的动力效应及其安全限值研究[J].中国科学:技术科学,2014(7):697-706.(Gao Jian-Min,Zhai Wan-Ming.Study on dynamic effect and safety limit of rail welding area of high speed railway[J].Scientia Sinica:Technologica,2014(7):697-706.)
[8]陈迪来,刘建新,李国朋.局部不平顺的恶化对机车轮轨垂向力的影响[J].机械设计与制造,2014(11):223-227.(Chen Di-lai,Liu Jian-xin,Li Guo-peng.Analysis of the deterioration of local irregularity excitation on locomotive wheel-rail vertical force[J].Machinery Design&Manufacture,2014(11):223-227.)
[9]王开云,翟婉明,刘建新.线路不平顺波长对提速列车横向舒适性影响[J].交通运输工程学报,2007(1):1-5.(Wang Kai-yun,Zhai Wan-ming,Liu Jian-xin.Effect of rail irregularity wavelength on lateral running comfort of speed raised train[J].Journal of Traffic and Transportation Engineering,2007(1):1-5.)
[10]罗林,张格明,吴旺青.轮轨系统轨道平顺状态的控制[M].北京:中国铁道出版社,2006.(Luo Lin,Zhang Ge-ming,Wu Wang-qing.Control of Track Irregularities in Wheel/Rail System[M].Beijing:China Railway Publishing House,2006.)
[11]李国勇.最优控制理论与应用[M].北京:国防工业出版社,2008.(Li Guo-yong.Optimal Control Theory and Applications[M].Beijing:National Defense Industry Press,2008.)