Orem自护模式对脑卒中患者护理结局的改善作用评价
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摘要
目的该次研究的主要目的是对Orem自护模式对于患者生活质量以及心理状况的影响进行探究。方法采用前后对照研究的方法对Orem自护模式前后患者的疾病知识掌握程度、生活自理能力、生存状态以及心理健康水平等几个方面进行评估,分析采用Orem自护模式前后患者的主要变化,从而对Orem自护模式对脑卒中患者的护理效果的影响进行科学的评价。结果给予患者Orem自护模式的不同时期,患者的疾病恢复情况、知识掌握程度以及焦虑程度等指标存在统计学差异,自理能力方面患者入院时的数据是(2.63±0.67)分干预2周后(3.12±1.38)分,出院时达到(3.98±0.94)分;关节活动入院时是(2.13±0.19)分,干预2周后是(3.68±1.09)分,出院时达到(3.98±0.87)分;疾病知识掌握程度方面,入院时是(1.26±1.08)分,干预2周后是(3.19±0.02)分出院时是(4.58±0.31)分;焦虑水平入院时是(4.12±0.68)分,干预2周后是(3.85±0.12)分,出院时降到(2.16±0.37)分,通过对患者不同时期的身心健康状况以及疾病知识的掌握程度进行对照分析发现,Orem自护模式对于改善患者的生活自理能力具有积极的作用,主要表现为患者的肢体活动能力得到了明显的改善。同时,进行Orem自护模式以后患者的疾病知识掌握水平有了明显的提高,这说明Orem自护模式对于患者掌握更多的疾病知识具有实际的帮助,这对于改善患者对治疗和护理工作的依从性具有实际的意义,可以促进治疗和护理工作的开展,对于改善患者的治疗效果能够起到促进作用,对于改善患者的生活质量具有积极的意义。患者的生活质量得到改善,有利于减轻患者的家庭经济负担和家属的心理负担。患者的心理健康水平与患者的生活自理能力具有明显的相关性,实行Orem自护模式对于减轻患者的焦虑和悲观的不良心理状态具有积极的作用,该次研究数据证实了以上观点。结论 Orem自护模式是一种以调动患者自我护理能力为主要导向的护理模式,对于护理工作者而言,明显减少了工作量,提高了护理工作的实际效果。同时,患者的肢体活动度得到明显改善,对于患者而言,增加了患者战胜疾病的信心,在生活方面,患者能够做到更大程度的自理,减少了对照顾者的依赖,减轻了家庭和社会的负担。总之,Orem自护模式能够让患者得到较大的益处,一方面是提高患者的疾病知识掌握水平,提高患者的护理效果,对于改善患者的预后具有积极的作用。另一方面,自护模式能够减少患者对于照顾者的依赖,使患者的生活自理能力得到了明显的提升,不仅有助于脑卒中患者生活自理能力的恢复,减少疾病的并发症,改善患者的心理健康水平,在脑卒中患者的护理工作当中具有实际应用价值。
Objective The main purpose of this study is to explore the impact of Orem self-care mode on patients' quality of life and psychological status. Methods The pre-and post-control study was used to evaluate the disease knowledge, life self-care ability, survival status and mental health level of patients before and after Orem self-protection mode. The main changes of patients before and after Orem self-protection mode were analyzed. Therefore, the impact of Orem self-care mode on the nursing effect of stroke patients was scientifically evaluated. Results Patients were given different degrees of Orem self-care mode. There were statistical differences in the patient's disease recovery,knowledge mastery, and anxiety. The data on the patient's self-care ability was(2.63±0.67)points. After 2 weeks of intervention,(3.12±1.38)points. At the time of discharge, it reached(3.98±0.94)points; when the joint activity was admitted to the hospital, it was(2.13±0.19)points, after intervention for 2 weeks, it was(3.68±1.09)points, and at the time of discharge, it was(3.98±0.87)points; when the disease knowledge was mastered, it was(1.26±1.08)points at the time of admission, after 2 weeks of intervention(3.19±0.02)points, and(4.58±0.31)points at discharge; anxiety level was(4.12±0.68)points at admission,(3.85±0.12)points after 2 weeks of intervention, and(2.16 ±0.37)points at discharge, through knowledge of physical and mental health and disease in patients at different times. A comparative analysis of the degree of mastery found that Orem self-care mode has a positive effect on improving patients' self-care ability, mainly showing that the patient's physical activity ability has been significantly improved. At the same time, the level of disease knowledge of patients after Orem self-protection mode has been significantly improved, which shows that Orem self-care mode has practical help for patients to master more disease knowledge, which improves patient compliance with treatment and nursing work, with practical significance, can promote the development of treatment and nursing work, can promote the treatment effect of patients, and has positive significance for improving the quality of life of patients. The patient's quality of life was improved, which was beneficial to alleviate the family's financial burden and the family's psychological burden. The patient's mental health level has a significant correlation with the patient's self-care ability. The implementation of the Orem self-care mode has a positive effect on alleviating the patient's anxiety and pessimistic adverse psychological state. The data from this study confirmed the above viewpoints. Conclusion Orem self-care mode is a kind of nursing mode with the main purpose of mobilizing patients' self-care ability. For nursing workers, the workload is obviously reduced and the actual effect of nursing work is improved. At the same time,the patient's physical activity is significantly improved. For the patient, the patient's confidence in fighting the disease is increased. In terms of life, the patient can achieve greater self-care, reduce the dependence on the caregiver, and reduce the family burden. In short, Orem self-protection mode can make patients have greater benefits. On the one hand,it can improve the patient's disease knowledge and improve the patient's care effect, and has a positive effect on improving the patient's prognosis. On the other hand, the self-care mode can reduce the patient's dependence on the caregiver, and the patient's self-care ability can be significantly improved, which not only helps the recovery of the self-care ability of the stroke patients, reduces the complications of the disease, and improves the patient's level of mental health, which has practical application value in the nursing work of stroke patients.
Objective The main purpose of this study is to explore the impact of Orem self-care mode on patients' quality of life and psychological status. Methods The pre-and post-control study was used to evaluate the disease knowledge, life self-care ability, survival status and mental health level of patients before and after Orem self-protection mode. The main changes of patients before and after Orem self-protection mode were analyzed. Therefore, the impact of Orem self-care mode on the nursing effect of stroke patients was scientifically evaluated. Results Patients were given different degrees of Orem self-care mode. There were statistical differences in the patient's disease recovery,knowledge mastery, and anxiety. The data on the patient's self-care ability was(2.63±0.67)points. After 2 weeks of intervention,(3.12±1.38)points. At the time of discharge, it reached(3.98±0.94)points; when the joint activity was admitted to the hospital, it was(2.13±0.19)points, after intervention for 2 weeks, it was(3.68±1.09)points, and at the time of discharge, it was(3.98±0.87)points; when the disease knowledge was mastered, it was(1.26±1.08)points at the time of admission, after 2 weeks of intervention(3.19±0.02)points, and(4.58±0.31)points at discharge; anxiety level was(4.12±0.68)points at admission,(3.85±0.12)points after 2 weeks of intervention, and(2.16 ±0.37)points at discharge, through knowledge of physical and mental health and disease in patients at different times. A comparative analysis of the degree of mastery found that Orem self-care mode has a positive effect on improving patients' self-care ability, mainly showing that the patient's physical activity ability has been significantly improved. At the same time, the level of disease knowledge of patients after Orem self-protection mode has been significantly improved, which shows that Orem self-care mode has practical help for patients to master more disease knowledge, which improves patient compliance with treatment and nursing work, with practical significance, can promote the development of treatment and nursing work, can promote the treatment effect of patients, and has positive significance for improving the quality of life of patients. The patient's quality of life was improved, which was beneficial to alleviate the family's financial burden and the family's psychological burden. The patient's mental health level has a significant correlation with the patient's self-care ability. The implementation of the Orem self-care mode has a positive effect on alleviating the patient's anxiety and pessimistic adverse psychological state. The data from this study confirmed the above viewpoints. Conclusion Orem self-care mode is a kind of nursing mode with the main purpose of mobilizing patients' self-care ability. For nursing workers, the workload is obviously reduced and the actual effect of nursing work is improved. At the same time,the patient's physical activity is significantly improved. For the patient, the patient's confidence in fighting the disease is increased. In terms of life, the patient can achieve greater self-care, reduce the dependence on the caregiver, and reduce the family burden. In short, Orem self-protection mode can make patients have greater benefits. On the one hand,it can improve the patient's disease knowledge and improve the patient's care effect, and has a positive effect on improving the patient's prognosis. On the other hand, the self-care mode can reduce the patient's dependence on the caregiver, and the patient's self-care ability can be significantly improved, which not only helps the recovery of the self-care ability of the stroke patients, reduces the complications of the disease, and improves the patient's level of mental health, which has practical application value in the nursing work of stroke patients.
引文
[1]刘小林. Orem自护模式在慢性精神分裂症患者护理中的应用研究[J].齐齐哈尔医学院学报,2016(7):948-949.
[2]吴林玉.基于Orem理论的预见性护理在老年腹腔镜胆囊切除术中的应用[J].当代护士,2016(5中旬刊):42-44.
[3]陈丽香,叶郁葱.Orem自护模式在慢性精神分裂症患者护理中的应用研究[J].当代护士,2013(3下旬刊):114-115.
[4]王雪,洪利,陈建明.延续心理护理对脑卒中后遗症患者及家属负性情绪的影响[J].河北医药,2016(9):1437-1440.
[5]杨红,朱世琼,李亚梅,等.延续护理对脑卒中患者睡眠质量及神经功能康复的影响[J].中国康复理论与实践,2015(12):1466-1470.
[6]艾艳,王芸,余茜,等.以患者需求为导向的脑卒中延续护理模式效果的问卷调查[J].中国康复医学杂志,2015(12)298-300.
[7]车晓春,姜爱华.延续性护理干预对缺血性脑卒中患者的干预效果[J].中国现代医生, 2015(28):139-142.
[8]张伟.以Orem自理模式为基础的护理干预对脑卒中患者康复治疗的作用[J].当代护士,2018(5上旬刊):45-47.
[9]陆娟,毛春美,夏艳梅,等. Orem自理理论指导下的路径式护理在急性脑梗死患者早期康复护理中的应用[J].齐鲁护理杂志,2018(7):168-170.
[10]黎倩平.Orem自理理论对脑卒中患者生活自理能力的影响[J].中国伤残医学,2014(6):204.
[11]马延爱,朱春燕,刘璐璐,等.自理模式在脑卒中患者早期康复护理中的应用[J].解放军护理杂志,2009(23):9-10.
[2]吴林玉.基于Orem理论的预见性护理在老年腹腔镜胆囊切除术中的应用[J].当代护士,2016(5中旬刊):42-44.
[3]陈丽香,叶郁葱.Orem自护模式在慢性精神分裂症患者护理中的应用研究[J].当代护士,2013(3下旬刊):114-115.
[4]王雪,洪利,陈建明.延续心理护理对脑卒中后遗症患者及家属负性情绪的影响[J].河北医药,2016(9):1437-1440.
[5]杨红,朱世琼,李亚梅,等.延续护理对脑卒中患者睡眠质量及神经功能康复的影响[J].中国康复理论与实践,2015(12):1466-1470.
[6]艾艳,王芸,余茜,等.以患者需求为导向的脑卒中延续护理模式效果的问卷调查[J].中国康复医学杂志,2015(12)298-300.
[7]车晓春,姜爱华.延续性护理干预对缺血性脑卒中患者的干预效果[J].中国现代医生, 2015(28):139-142.
[8]张伟.以Orem自理模式为基础的护理干预对脑卒中患者康复治疗的作用[J].当代护士,2018(5上旬刊):45-47.
[9]陆娟,毛春美,夏艳梅,等. Orem自理理论指导下的路径式护理在急性脑梗死患者早期康复护理中的应用[J].齐鲁护理杂志,2018(7):168-170.
[10]黎倩平.Orem自理理论对脑卒中患者生活自理能力的影响[J].中国伤残医学,2014(6):204.
[11]马延爱,朱春燕,刘璐璐,等.自理模式在脑卒中患者早期康复护理中的应用[J].解放军护理杂志,2009(23):9-10.