多重结构Ti-B_4C/Al2024复合材料的组织和力学性能
|
摘要
为了研究多重结构对铝基复合材料力学性能的影响,将气雾化态Al2024合金粉末与球磨不同时间的Ti-10%(质量分数,下同)B_4C复合粉末混合,采用热压烧结和热挤压的方法制备多重结构Ti-B_4C/Al2024复合材料。通过X射线衍射(XRD)、扫描电镜(SEM)、透射电镜(TEM)和拉伸试验机对不同材料的显微组织与力学性能进行观察和测试,并对多重结构复合材料的强韧化行为进行讨论。结果表明:Ti-B_4C/Al2024复合材料多重结构包括基体Al2024、核壳结构Ti/Al_(18)Ti_2Mg_3组织和B_4C颗粒。向Al2024中加入5%预先球磨6h后的Ti-B_4C粉末时,其屈服强度从107MPa提高到122MPa,并且表现出与热挤压Al2024合金几乎相同的伸长率。当球磨时间延长至12h时,试样5TB-12h的伸长率可达到16.4%。然而,复合材料的伸长率随着Ti-B_4C添加量的增加而降低。
In order to study the effect of hybrid structure on the mechanical properties of aluminum matrix composites. The gas-atomized Al2024 powders were mechanically blended with Ti-10%(mass fraction) B_4C powders by ball milling for different time, and then compacting the powders via hot press sintering and hot extrusion to fabricate the hybrid structured Ti-B_4C/Al2024 composite. The microstructure and mechanical properties of different materials were observed and tested by X-ray diffraction(XRD), scanning electron microscopy(SEM), transmission electron microscopy(TEM) and tensile testing machine. The strengthening and toughening behavior of hybrid structured composites were further discussed. The results show that the hybrid structured Ti-B_4C/Al2024 composite consists of Al2024 matrix, core-shell structured Ti/Al_(18)Ti_2Mg_3 and B_4C particles. With the addition of 5%Ti-B_4C hybrid powder after ball milling for 6 h, the yield strength increases from 107 MPa to 122 MPa, and the composite exhibits almost the same elongation as that of the hot extruded Al2024 alloy. When the milling time is extended to 12 h, the elongation of the sample 5 TB-12 h can reach 16.4%. However, the elongation of the composites decreases with the increase of Ti-B_4C.
In order to study the effect of hybrid structure on the mechanical properties of aluminum matrix composites. The gas-atomized Al2024 powders were mechanically blended with Ti-10%(mass fraction) B_4C powders by ball milling for different time, and then compacting the powders via hot press sintering and hot extrusion to fabricate the hybrid structured Ti-B_4C/Al2024 composite. The microstructure and mechanical properties of different materials were observed and tested by X-ray diffraction(XRD), scanning electron microscopy(SEM), transmission electron microscopy(TEM) and tensile testing machine. The strengthening and toughening behavior of hybrid structured composites were further discussed. The results show that the hybrid structured Ti-B_4C/Al2024 composite consists of Al2024 matrix, core-shell structured Ti/Al_(18)Ti_2Mg_3 and B_4C particles. With the addition of 5%Ti-B_4C hybrid powder after ball milling for 6 h, the yield strength increases from 107 MPa to 122 MPa, and the composite exhibits almost the same elongation as that of the hot extruded Al2024 alloy. When the milling time is extended to 12 h, the elongation of the sample 5 TB-12 h can reach 16.4%. However, the elongation of the composites decreases with the increase of Ti-B_4C.
引文
[1] FLOM Y,ARSENAULT R J.Interfacial bond strength in an aluminium alloy 6061-SiC composite[J].Materials Science and Engineering,1986,77:191-197.
[2] HAN B Q,HUANG J Y,ZHU Y T,et al.Effect of strain rate on the ductility of a nanostructured aluminum alloy[J].Scripta Materialia,2006,54(6):1175-1180.
[3] 杨旭东,邹田春,陈亚军,等.碳纳米管和氧化铝混杂增强铝基复合材料的制备及力学性能[J].材料工程,2016,44(7):67-72. YANG X D,ZOU T C,CHEN Y J,et al.Fabrication and mechanical properties of aluminum matrix composites reinforced with carbon nanotubes and alumina[J].Journal of Materials Engineering,2016,44(7):67-72.
[4] 燕绍九,陈翔,洪起虎,等.石墨烯增强铝基纳米复合材料研究进展[J].航空材料学报,2016,36(3):57-70. YAN S J,CHEN X,HONG Q H,et al.Graphene reinforced alum-inum matrix nanocomposites[J].Journal of Aeronautical Mater-ials,2016,36(3):57-70.
[5] KAI W,YANG J M,HARRIGAN W C.Mechanical behavior of B4C particulate-reinforced 7091 aluminum composite[J].Scripta Metallurgica,1989,23(8):1277-1280.
[6] PYZIK A J,BEAMAN D R.Al-B-C phase development and effects on mechanical properties of B4C/Al-derived composites [J].Journal of the American Ceramic Society,1995,78(2):305-312.
[7] 郑瑞晓,张艺镡,马朝利,等.多重纳米结构轻质高强铝基复合材料的制备和组织性能[J].航空学报,2014,35(10):2802-2812. ZHENG R X,ZHANG Y T,MA C L,et al.Preparation and investigation of microstructure and mechanical properties of ultra-high strength Al alloy matrix composites with hybrid nanostru-cture[J].Acta Aeronautica et Astronautica Sinica,2014,35(10):2802-2812.
[8] NIE C Z,GU J J,LIU J L,et al.Production of boron carbide reinforced 2024 aluminum matrix composites by mechanical alloying [J].Materials Transactions,2007,48(5):990-995.
[9] YE J C,HAN B Q,LEE Z,et al.A tri-modal aluminum based composite with super-high strength[J].Scripta Materialia,2005,53(5):481-486.
[10] JIANG L,LI Z,FAN G,et al.A flake powder metallurgy approach to Al2O3/Al biomimetic nanolaminated composites with enhanced ductility[J].Scripta Materialia,2011,65(5):412-415.
[11] QIN S Y,ZHANG G D.Preparation of high fracture performance SiCp-6061Al/6061Al composite[J].Materials Science and Engin-eering:A,2000,279 (1/2):231-236.
[12] JIANG L,YANG H,YEE J K,et al.Toughening of aluminum matrix nanocomposites via spatial arrays of boron carbide spherical nanoparticles[J].Acta Materialia,2016,103:128-140.
[13] GAO F,XU C,ZHANG H P,et al.Core-shell structured Al-matrix composite with enhanced mechanical properties[J].Materials Science and Engineering:A,2016,657:64-70.
[14] PANDEY A B,MAJUMDAR B S,MIRACLE D B.Effect of aluminum particles on the fracture toughness of a 7093/SiC/15p composite[J].Materials Science and Engineering:A,1999,259(2):296-307.
[15] KERIMOV K M,DUNAEV S F,SLJUSARENKO E M.Investigation of the structure of ternary phases in AlMgTi,AlMgV and AlMgCr systems[J].Journal of the Less Common Metals,1987,133(2):297-302.
[16] ZHANG Q,XIAO B L,MA Z Y.In situ formation of various intermetallic particles in Al-Ti-X(Cu,Mg) systems during friction stir processing[J].Intermetallics,2013,40:36-44.
[17] JAFARI M,ENAYATI M H,ABBASI M H,et al.Thermal stability and structural changes during heat treatment of nanostructured Al2024 alloy[J].Journal of Alloys and Compo-unds,2009,478(1):260-264.
[18] KERIMOV K M,DUNAEV S F.The M2Mg3Al18 phase in Al-Mg-transition metal systems [J].Journal of the Less Common Metals,1989,153(2):267-273.
[19] WANG Y C,SONG M, NI S,et al.In situ formed core-shell structured particle reinforced aluminum matrix composites[J]. Materials & Design,2014,56:405-408.
[20] ZHANG F Y,YAN M F,YOU Y,et al.Prediction of elastic and electronic properties of cubic Al18Ti2Mg3 phase coexisting with Al3Ti in Al-Ti-Mg system[J].Physica B:Condensed Matter,2013,408:68-72.
[21] THAM L M,GUPTA M,CHENG L.Effect of limited matrix-reinforcement interfacial reaction on enhancing the mechanical properties of aluminium-silicon carbide composites[J].Acta Materialia,2001,49(16):3243-3253.
[2] HAN B Q,HUANG J Y,ZHU Y T,et al.Effect of strain rate on the ductility of a nanostructured aluminum alloy[J].Scripta Materialia,2006,54(6):1175-1180.
[3] 杨旭东,邹田春,陈亚军,等.碳纳米管和氧化铝混杂增强铝基复合材料的制备及力学性能[J].材料工程,2016,44(7):67-72. YANG X D,ZOU T C,CHEN Y J,et al.Fabrication and mechanical properties of aluminum matrix composites reinforced with carbon nanotubes and alumina[J].Journal of Materials Engineering,2016,44(7):67-72.
[4] 燕绍九,陈翔,洪起虎,等.石墨烯增强铝基纳米复合材料研究进展[J].航空材料学报,2016,36(3):57-70. YAN S J,CHEN X,HONG Q H,et al.Graphene reinforced alum-inum matrix nanocomposites[J].Journal of Aeronautical Mater-ials,2016,36(3):57-70.
[5] KAI W,YANG J M,HARRIGAN W C.Mechanical behavior of B4C particulate-reinforced 7091 aluminum composite[J].Scripta Metallurgica,1989,23(8):1277-1280.
[6] PYZIK A J,BEAMAN D R.Al-B-C phase development and effects on mechanical properties of B4C/Al-derived composites [J].Journal of the American Ceramic Society,1995,78(2):305-312.
[7] 郑瑞晓,张艺镡,马朝利,等.多重纳米结构轻质高强铝基复合材料的制备和组织性能[J].航空学报,2014,35(10):2802-2812. ZHENG R X,ZHANG Y T,MA C L,et al.Preparation and investigation of microstructure and mechanical properties of ultra-high strength Al alloy matrix composites with hybrid nanostru-cture[J].Acta Aeronautica et Astronautica Sinica,2014,35(10):2802-2812.
[8] NIE C Z,GU J J,LIU J L,et al.Production of boron carbide reinforced 2024 aluminum matrix composites by mechanical alloying [J].Materials Transactions,2007,48(5):990-995.
[9] YE J C,HAN B Q,LEE Z,et al.A tri-modal aluminum based composite with super-high strength[J].Scripta Materialia,2005,53(5):481-486.
[10] JIANG L,LI Z,FAN G,et al.A flake powder metallurgy approach to Al2O3/Al biomimetic nanolaminated composites with enhanced ductility[J].Scripta Materialia,2011,65(5):412-415.
[11] QIN S Y,ZHANG G D.Preparation of high fracture performance SiCp-6061Al/6061Al composite[J].Materials Science and Engin-eering:A,2000,279 (1/2):231-236.
[12] JIANG L,YANG H,YEE J K,et al.Toughening of aluminum matrix nanocomposites via spatial arrays of boron carbide spherical nanoparticles[J].Acta Materialia,2016,103:128-140.
[13] GAO F,XU C,ZHANG H P,et al.Core-shell structured Al-matrix composite with enhanced mechanical properties[J].Materials Science and Engineering:A,2016,657:64-70.
[14] PANDEY A B,MAJUMDAR B S,MIRACLE D B.Effect of aluminum particles on the fracture toughness of a 7093/SiC/15p composite[J].Materials Science and Engineering:A,1999,259(2):296-307.
[15] KERIMOV K M,DUNAEV S F,SLJUSARENKO E M.Investigation of the structure of ternary phases in AlMgTi,AlMgV and AlMgCr systems[J].Journal of the Less Common Metals,1987,133(2):297-302.
[16] ZHANG Q,XIAO B L,MA Z Y.In situ formation of various intermetallic particles in Al-Ti-X(Cu,Mg) systems during friction stir processing[J].Intermetallics,2013,40:36-44.
[17] JAFARI M,ENAYATI M H,ABBASI M H,et al.Thermal stability and structural changes during heat treatment of nanostructured Al2024 alloy[J].Journal of Alloys and Compo-unds,2009,478(1):260-264.
[18] KERIMOV K M,DUNAEV S F.The M2Mg3Al18 phase in Al-Mg-transition metal systems [J].Journal of the Less Common Metals,1989,153(2):267-273.
[19] WANG Y C,SONG M, NI S,et al.In situ formed core-shell structured particle reinforced aluminum matrix composites[J]. Materials & Design,2014,56:405-408.
[20] ZHANG F Y,YAN M F,YOU Y,et al.Prediction of elastic and electronic properties of cubic Al18Ti2Mg3 phase coexisting with Al3Ti in Al-Ti-Mg system[J].Physica B:Condensed Matter,2013,408:68-72.
[21] THAM L M,GUPTA M,CHENG L.Effect of limited matrix-reinforcement interfacial reaction on enhancing the mechanical properties of aluminium-silicon carbide composites[J].Acta Materialia,2001,49(16):3243-3253.