北京市中小学生2005—2015年烟草使用流行状况
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摘要
目的了解北京市中小学生2005—2015年吸烟行为流行状况,为中小学生控烟工作提供参考资料。方法将北京市中小学校的分类及其组成作为抽样框架,采用以学校为初级抽样单位(PSU)、以班级为最小抽样单位的二阶段分层随机整群抽样,分别于2005,2008,2010,2011,2013和2015年6次使用"北京市学校人群烟草监测调查问卷"对学生进行匿名自填式问卷调查。结果 2015年北京市中小学生尝试吸烟率为9.41%,其中小学、初中、高中和职业高中学生的尝试吸烟率分别为7.05%,7.06%,12.41%和34.11%。现在吸烟率为3.26%,其中小学、初中、高中和职业高中学生的现在吸烟率分别为1.99%,1.80%,3.48%和20.22%。6次调查结果显示,尝试吸烟率及现在吸烟率男生高于女生,职业高中高于普通高中; 2015年与历年调查结果比较,按学段标化后尝试吸烟率、现在吸烟率呈现逐年下降的趋势。现在吸烟者中日均吸烟量在1支以上的占50%以上,其中日均吸烟量在10支以上占10%以上。吸烟学生最常吸烟地点为家中(24.02%),其次为学校(12.74%)。自己购买卷烟的比例从2008年的17.10%上升到2015年的66.09%。结论 2005—2015年北京市中学生尝试吸烟率、现在吸烟率均有所下降,但职业高中学生吸烟行为仍然较严重。
Objective To understand the changes of smoking behavior among primary and middle school students in Beijing during 2005-2015. Methods The primary and middle schools in Beijing were classified and then taken as a sampling frame.Two-phase stratified random cluster sampling was conducted with school as primary sampling unit( PSU) and class as the minimum sampling unit, respectively. Beijing School-based Smoking Monitoring Questionnaire was surveyed in 2005 and 2005, 2010, 2011,2013 and 2015 anonymously. Results In 2015, the smoking rate among primary and middle school students in Beijing was 9.41%.Among them, for primary, junior, high school and vocational high school students, the rates were 7.05%, 7.06%, 12.41% and 34.11%, respectively. The smoking rates were now 3.26%, with 1.99%, 1.80%, 3.48% and 20.22%, respectively, among primary, middle and high school and vocational high school students. male, vocational school students were more likely to report smoking across six waves of surveillance. Results from the surveillance in 2015 showed a decreasing trend in ever smoking rate and current smoking rate compared with previous survey. About half of the current student smokers were reported to take 1 cigarette/day, and about 10% smokers were reported to take 10 cigarettes/day. Students were most likely to smoke at home( 24. 02%), followed by smoking at schools( 12.74%). The percentage of buying cigarettes by themselves was increased from 17.10% in 2008 to 66.09% in2015. Conclusion From 2005 to 2015, both ever smoking and current smoking rate among middle school students in Beijing decreased in general, however smoking among vocational high school students warrants further attention.
Objective To understand the changes of smoking behavior among primary and middle school students in Beijing during 2005-2015. Methods The primary and middle schools in Beijing were classified and then taken as a sampling frame.Two-phase stratified random cluster sampling was conducted with school as primary sampling unit( PSU) and class as the minimum sampling unit, respectively. Beijing School-based Smoking Monitoring Questionnaire was surveyed in 2005 and 2005, 2010, 2011,2013 and 2015 anonymously. Results In 2015, the smoking rate among primary and middle school students in Beijing was 9.41%.Among them, for primary, junior, high school and vocational high school students, the rates were 7.05%, 7.06%, 12.41% and 34.11%, respectively. The smoking rates were now 3.26%, with 1.99%, 1.80%, 3.48% and 20.22%, respectively, among primary, middle and high school and vocational high school students. male, vocational school students were more likely to report smoking across six waves of surveillance. Results from the surveillance in 2015 showed a decreasing trend in ever smoking rate and current smoking rate compared with previous survey. About half of the current student smokers were reported to take 1 cigarette/day, and about 10% smokers were reported to take 10 cigarettes/day. Students were most likely to smoke at home( 24. 02%), followed by smoking at schools( 12.74%). The percentage of buying cigarettes by themselves was increased from 17.10% in 2008 to 66.09% in2015. Conclusion From 2005 to 2015, both ever smoking and current smoking rate among middle school students in Beijing decreased in general, however smoking among vocational high school students warrants further attention.
引文
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[13]刘秀荣,李玉青,韩梅,等.北京市部分中小学生吸烟行为及相关因素分析[J].中国学校卫生,2010,31(10):1168-1169.
[14]郭欣,刘峥,刘泽军,等.北京市2013年普通高校无烟校园建设效果评估[J].中国学校卫生,2016,37(1):154-156.
[15]郭欣,刘峥,白承续,等.北京市中小学校周边售烟点及向未成年人售烟现状[J].中国学校卫生,2016,37(9):1324-1327.
[16]杜卉.高职院校学生吸烟现状及控烟心理对策[J].管理观察,2015(3):129-131.
[17]郭建欣,王兆南,吴钶,等.北京市四区县中学校外售烟现状[J].中国学校卫生,2014,35(9):1300-1302.
[2]徐文婕,刘亨辉,刘峥,等.北京市2011年中小学生吸烟现状及其影响因素分析[J].中国学校卫生,2013,34(10):1241-1243.
[3]曾钊,刘娟.中共中央国务院印发《“健康中国2030”规划纲要》[J].中华人民共和国国务院公报,2016(32):5-20.
[4]World Health Organization.WHO report on the global tobacco epidem-ic,2017. monitoring tobacco use and prevention policies[EB/OL].[2017-04-01].http://www.who.int/tobacco.
[5]肖琳.中国青少年烟草使用现状研究[J].中国青年研究,2016(9):85-89.
[6]马洁,江国虹,朱传芳.天津市青少年吸烟行为调查分析[J].现代预防医学,2014,41(7):1214-1217.
[7]孙盼盼,王卫峰,周刚,等.河南省青少年吸烟行为影响因素分析[J].郑州大学学报(医学版),2015,50(6):834-838.
[8]陈友兰,田丁,戴龙,等.厦门市中小学生尝试吸烟现状及影响因素分析[J].中国学校卫生,2014,35(6):886-889.
[9]熊静帆,杨慧,罗念慈,等.深圳市青少年吸烟相关行为及影响因素分析[J].中国健康教育,2015,31(9):833-836.
[10]覃玉,苏健,罗鹏飞,等.江苏省青少年吸烟和二手烟暴露状况调查[J].江苏预防医学,2014,25(6):9-11.
[11]尉晓霞,丁园.上海市初中生烟草暴露状况[J].中国学校卫生,2015,36(9):1300-1303.
[12]林丰,林彩红,汤捷.广东省初中生吸烟现况及影响因素分析[J].中国学校卫生,2015,36(3):360-362,365.
[13]刘秀荣,李玉青,韩梅,等.北京市部分中小学生吸烟行为及相关因素分析[J].中国学校卫生,2010,31(10):1168-1169.
[14]郭欣,刘峥,刘泽军,等.北京市2013年普通高校无烟校园建设效果评估[J].中国学校卫生,2016,37(1):154-156.
[15]郭欣,刘峥,白承续,等.北京市中小学校周边售烟点及向未成年人售烟现状[J].中国学校卫生,2016,37(9):1324-1327.
[16]杜卉.高职院校学生吸烟现状及控烟心理对策[J].管理观察,2015(3):129-131.
[17]郭建欣,王兆南,吴钶,等.北京市四区县中学校外售烟现状[J].中国学校卫生,2014,35(9):1300-1302.