上海某社区部分成年人变应性鼻炎防治现况和应对策略
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摘要
目的 :对上海市徐汇区枫林街道居民的变应性鼻炎防治现况和健康教育干预需求进行调查,为开展变应性鼻炎健康教育提供依据。方法 :采取简单随机抽样方法于2017年9月至2018年2月对常住枫林社区的18～70岁居民进行个人情况、变应性鼻炎防治知识知晓情况、就诊经历及居民对社区变应性鼻炎健康教育干预需求的调查。发放问卷500份,实际回收469份。结果 :居民对变应性鼻炎防治知识知晓率总体不高,其中知晓较低的内容为变应性鼻炎脱敏治疗(69.72%)、变应性鼻炎就诊指南(64.39%)及变应性鼻炎中医保健方法(63.11%);被诊断为变应性鼻炎的居民中,希望马上接受治疗的有44名(44.45%),希望接受更多变应性鼻炎相关知识的45名(45.45%);对过去治疗满意情况表示一般的为60名(60.61%),十分满意的仅9名;需求最多的前3位健康宣教内容为变应性鼻炎防治知识宣教、变应性鼻炎就诊指南及变应性鼻炎中医保健。结论 :全科医生可以在辖区内开展可及的、有针对性的患者及家属健康教育,不断提升居民对变应性鼻炎的防治知晓率,从而改进其行为习惯、改善患者的就诊满意度。
Objective: To investigate the current situation of prevention and treatment of allergic rhinitis and the need for health education intervention among the residents in Fenglin Community of Xuhui District, Shanghai so as to provide the basis for health education of allergic rhinitis. Methods: From September 2017 to February 2018, a simple random sampling method was used to investigate the personal situation, knowledge of allergic rhinitis prevention and treatment, visiting experience, self-constitution awareness, satisfaction with past treatment and residents' needs for health education intervention on allergic rhinitis in the residents aged 18 to 70 living in the Fenglin community. Five hundred questionnaires were issued and 469 were actually recovered. Results:Residents' awareness of the prevention and treatment of allergic rhinitis was generally low, and among them, the less well-known contents were allergic rhinitis desensitization treatment(69.72%), allergic rhinitis treatment guidelines(64.39%) and allergic rhinitis Chinese medicine health care methods(63.11%). Of the 99 residents diagnosed with allergic rhinitis, 44 people(44.45%) wanted immediate treatment and 45 ones(45.45%) wanted more knowledge about allergic rhinitis; in general, 60 people(60.61%) were satisfied with the past treatment, and only 9 people were very satisfied with it; the top three health education items needed most were knowledge education on prevention and treatment of allergic rhinitis, guidelines for treatment of allergic rhinitis and health care of allergic rhinitis of traditional Chinese medicine. Conclusion: General practitioners can carry out accessible and targeted health education for patients and their families within their jurisdiction, and continuously improve residents' awareness of allergic rhinitis prevention and treatment so as to improve their behavior habits and satisfaction.
Objective: To investigate the current situation of prevention and treatment of allergic rhinitis and the need for health education intervention among the residents in Fenglin Community of Xuhui District, Shanghai so as to provide the basis for health education of allergic rhinitis. Methods: From September 2017 to February 2018, a simple random sampling method was used to investigate the personal situation, knowledge of allergic rhinitis prevention and treatment, visiting experience, self-constitution awareness, satisfaction with past treatment and residents' needs for health education intervention on allergic rhinitis in the residents aged 18 to 70 living in the Fenglin community. Five hundred questionnaires were issued and 469 were actually recovered. Results:Residents' awareness of the prevention and treatment of allergic rhinitis was generally low, and among them, the less well-known contents were allergic rhinitis desensitization treatment(69.72%), allergic rhinitis treatment guidelines(64.39%) and allergic rhinitis Chinese medicine health care methods(63.11%). Of the 99 residents diagnosed with allergic rhinitis, 44 people(44.45%) wanted immediate treatment and 45 ones(45.45%) wanted more knowledge about allergic rhinitis; in general, 60 people(60.61%) were satisfied with the past treatment, and only 9 people were very satisfied with it; the top three health education items needed most were knowledge education on prevention and treatment of allergic rhinitis, guidelines for treatment of allergic rhinitis and health care of allergic rhinitis of traditional Chinese medicine. Conclusion: General practitioners can carry out accessible and targeted health education for patients and their families within their jurisdiction, and continuously improve residents' awareness of allergic rhinitis prevention and treatment so as to improve their behavior habits and satisfaction.
引文
[1]中华耳鼻咽喉科头颈外科杂志编辑委员会鼻科组,中华医学会耳鼻咽喉头颈外科分会鼻科学组.变应性鼻炎诊断和治疗指南(2015年,天津)[J].中华耳鼻咽喉头颈外科杂志,2016,51(1):6-24.
[2]程雷.变应性鼻炎诊疗指南的修订要点及意义[J].中华耳鼻咽喉头颈外科杂志,2016,51(1):2-5.
[3]韩德民,张罗,黄丹,等.我国11个城市变应性鼻炎自报患病率调查[J].中华耳鼻咽喉头颈外科杂志,2007,42(5):378-384.
[4]Wang XD,Zheng M,Lou HF,et al.An increased prevalence of self-reported allergic rhinitis in major Chinese cities from2005 to 2011[J].Allergy,2016,71(8):1170-1180.
[5]梁洁琼,谷庆隆.大气污染对变应性鼻炎的影响[J].国际耳鼻咽喉头颈外科杂志,2015,39(4):226-229.
[6]李华斌,王向东,王洪田,等.口服H1抗组胺药治疗变应性鼻炎2018广州共识[J].中国眼耳鼻喉科杂志,2018,18(3):149-156.
[7]尹根蒂,杨钦泰,黄雪琨,等.变应性鼻炎患者健康教育必要性的临床研究[J].临床医学工程,2011,18(8):181-183.
[8]殷明德.变应性鼻炎患者健康教育[J].临床耳鼻咽喉头颈外科杂志,2008,22(11):481-482.
[9]郭菲娜,李物华.社区高血压患者血压控制不良因素分析[J].上海医药,2018,39(16):36-37.
[2]程雷.变应性鼻炎诊疗指南的修订要点及意义[J].中华耳鼻咽喉头颈外科杂志,2016,51(1):2-5.
[3]韩德民,张罗,黄丹,等.我国11个城市变应性鼻炎自报患病率调查[J].中华耳鼻咽喉头颈外科杂志,2007,42(5):378-384.
[4]Wang XD,Zheng M,Lou HF,et al.An increased prevalence of self-reported allergic rhinitis in major Chinese cities from2005 to 2011[J].Allergy,2016,71(8):1170-1180.
[5]梁洁琼,谷庆隆.大气污染对变应性鼻炎的影响[J].国际耳鼻咽喉头颈外科杂志,2015,39(4):226-229.
[6]李华斌,王向东,王洪田,等.口服H1抗组胺药治疗变应性鼻炎2018广州共识[J].中国眼耳鼻喉科杂志,2018,18(3):149-156.
[7]尹根蒂,杨钦泰,黄雪琨,等.变应性鼻炎患者健康教育必要性的临床研究[J].临床医学工程,2011,18(8):181-183.
[8]殷明德.变应性鼻炎患者健康教育[J].临床耳鼻咽喉头颈外科杂志,2008,22(11):481-482.
[9]郭菲娜,李物华.社区高血压患者血压控制不良因素分析[J].上海医药,2018,39(16):36-37.