高温熔融盐纳米固液相变复合材料研究进展
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摘要
熔融盐是一种非常有前景的高温液体传热蓄热工质,在太阳能热发电、余热回收及工业热利用方面有显著的优势,但是熔融盐本身存在导热性能不高等问题。本文对纳米复合相变材料固液相变储能过程的若干最新研究进行了回顾,综述了熔融盐纳米固液相变复合材料国内外研究现状及发展趋势,最后对纳米复合相变材料固液相变储能过程的未来发展和重点研究方向进行了展望,认为主要解决纳米复合材料内熔化相变传热双温度模型的建立及求解、NC-PCM的制备工艺、金属纳米粒子的团聚性及NC-PCM蓄热器的热循环实验等方面的问题是未来研究的重点。
Mixed molten salts are considered as promising media for both heat transfer and thermal energy storage and they have obvious advantages in solar thermal power generation, waste heat utilization and industrial process heat use. However, molten salts phase change materials still have disadvantages of low thermal conductivity. Recent studies of solid-liquid phase change energy storage processes and the state-of-the-art development of the nanocomposite phase change material were reviewed. According to the review of the future development and important research direction of solid-liquid phase change energy storage processes of nanocomposite phase change materials, it is necessary to conduct the research in various aspects including the establishment of two temperature model of phase change heat transfer in the nanocomposite melting, NC-PCM mixing process, aggregation of metal particles and thermal cycling test of NC-PCM storage unit problem.
Mixed molten salts are considered as promising media for both heat transfer and thermal energy storage and they have obvious advantages in solar thermal power generation, waste heat utilization and industrial process heat use. However, molten salts phase change materials still have disadvantages of low thermal conductivity. Recent studies of solid-liquid phase change energy storage processes and the state-of-the-art development of the nanocomposite phase change material were reviewed. According to the review of the future development and important research direction of solid-liquid phase change energy storage processes of nanocomposite phase change materials, it is necessary to conduct the research in various aspects including the establishment of two temperature model of phase change heat transfer in the nanocomposite melting, NC-PCM mixing process, aggregation of metal particles and thermal cycling test of NC-PCM storage unit problem.
引文
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[2]ABDOLLAHZADEH M,ESMAEILPOUR M.Enhancement of phase change material(PCM)based latent heat storage-system with nano fluid and wavy surface[J].International journal of heat and mass transfer,2015,80:376-385.DOI:10.1016/j.ijheatmasstransfer.2014.09.007.
[3]SHARMA R K,GANESAN P,TYAGI V V,et al.Developments in organic solid-liquid phase change materials and their applications in thermal energy storage[J].Energy conversion and management,2015,95:193-228.DOI:10.1016/j.enconman.2015.01.084.
[4]GIL A,MEDRANO M,MARTORELL I,et al.State of the art on high temperature thermal energy storage for power generation.Part 1-Concepts,materials and modellization[J].Renewable and sustainable energy reviews,2010,14(1):31-55.DOI:10.1016/j.rser.2009.07.035.
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[6]杨波,李汛,赵军.移动蓄热技术的研究进展[J].化工进展,2013,32(3):515-520.DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1000-6613.2013.03.004.
[7]曾亮,周春玉,张东.相变材料导热性能强化的研究进展[J].材料科学与工程学报,2010,28(6):946-950.
[8]邢玉明,崔海亭,袁修干,等.微重力下高温固液相变蓄热容器内空穴分布[J].太阳能学报,2003,24(2):183-188.DOI:10.3321/j.issn:0254-0096.2003.02.009.
[9]SEYF H R,ZHOU Z,MA H S,et al.Three dimensional numerical study of heat-transfer enhancement by nano-encapsulated phase change material slurry in microtube heat sinks with tangential impingement[J].International journal of heat and mass transfer,2013,56(1/2):561-573.DOI:10.1016/j.ijheatmasstransfer.2012.08.052.
[10]ZHAO C Y,WU Z G.Heat transfer enhancement of high temperature thermal energy storage using metal foams and expanded graphite[J].Solar energy materials&solar cells,2011,95(2):636-643.DOI:10.1016/j.solmat.2010.09.032.
[11]吴淑英.纳米复合蓄热材料强化相变传热实验与数值模拟研究[D].广州:华南理工大学,2010.
[12]HU P,ZHAO P P,JIN Y,et al.Synthesis,characterization and thermal properties of paraffin of pentaerythritol(PE)/nano-Al N composite for thermal storage[J].Solar energy,2014,102:91-97.DOI:10.1016/j.solener.2014.01.018.
[13]SONG Q W,LI Y,XING J W,et al.Thermal stability of composite phase change material microcapsules incorporated with silver nano-particles[J].Polymer,2007,48(11):3317-3323.DOI:10.1016/j.polymer.2007.03.045.
[14]徐伟强,袁修干,邢玉明.填充泡沫镍对固液相变过程的影响[J].北京航空航天大学学报,2009,35(10):1197-1200.
[15]祁先进.金属其相变复合储热材料的实验研究[D].昆明:昆明理工大学,2005.
[16]吴玉庭,任楠,马重芳,等.熔融盐显热蓄热技术的研究与应用进展[J].储能科学与技术,2013,2(6):586-592.
[17]方晓明,张正国,文磊,等.硬脂酸/膨润土纳米复合相变储热材料的制备、结构与性能[J].化工学报,2004,55(4):678-681.DOI:10.3321/j.issn:0438-1157.2004.04.031.
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[19]PANKRAT'EV Y D,TOKAREV M M,ARISTOV Y I.Heats of water sorption on silica gel containing Ca C12and Li Br[J].Russian journal of physical chemistry,2001,75(5):9-14.
[20]ELGAFY A,LAFDI K.Effect of carbon nanofiber additives on thermal behavior of phase change materials[J].Carbon,2005,43(15):3067-3074.DOI:10.1016/j.carbon.2005.06.042.
[21]FANG G Y,LI H,YANG F,et al.Preparation and characterization of nano-encapsulated n-tetradecane as phase change material for thermal energy storage[J].Chemical engineering journal,2009,153(1/3):217-221.DOI:10.1016/j.cej.2009.06.019.
[22]WU S Y,ZHU D S,ZHANG X R,et al.Preparation and melting/freezing characteristics of Cu/paraffin nanofluid as Phase-Change Material(PCM)[J].Energy&fuels,2010,24(3):1894-1898.DOI:10.1021/ef9013967.
[23]章学来,李春蕾,陈旭东,等.纳米金属-赤藻糖醇蓄热体系的研究[J].工程热物理学报,2014,35(12):2334-2337.
[24]吴淑英,汪南,朱冬生,等.纳米铜/石蜡复合相变蓄热材料的导热性能研究[J].化工新型材料,2012,40(5):104-106,112.DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1006-3536.2012.05.035.
[25]WHITAKER S.The method of volume averaging[M].Norwell,MA,USA:Kluwer Academic Publishers,1999.
[26]赵凯,李强,宣益民.相变过程的格子Boltzmann方法模拟[J].计算物理,2008,25(2):151-156.DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1001-246X.2008.02.005.
[27]王补宣.颗粒团聚对低浓度纳米流体热性质和热过程的影响[J].机械工程学报,2009,45(3):1-4.DOI:10.3901/JME.2009.03.001.
[28]丁国良,姜未汀,王凯建.基于团聚理论的纳米制冷剂导热系数预测方法[J].工程热物理学报,2007,28(6):916-918.DOI:10.3321/j.issn:0253-231X.2007.06.005.
[29]张丽霞,齐鲁.纳米粒子在聚合物中的分散研究进展[J].合成纤维,2008,37(8):11-14.DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1001-7054.2008.08.003.
[30]高濂,孙静,刘阳桥.纳米粉体的分散及表面改性[M].北京:化学工业出版社,2003.
[31]林怡辉.有机-无机纳米复合相变蓄热材料的研究[D].广州:华南理工大学,2001.
[32]MOGHADASSI A R,HOSSEINI S M,HENNEKE D E.Effect of Cu O nanoparticles in enhancing the thermal conductivities of monoethylene glycol and paraffin fluids[J].Industrial and engineering chemistry research,2010,49(4):1900-1904.DOI:10.1021/ie901060e.
[33]刘刚,武卫东,苗朋柯.纳米技术在相变蓄能材料中的应用[J].化工新型材料,2013,41(3):152-154.DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1006-3536.2013.03.052.
[34]乔峰.Ag、石墨烯纳米流体的制备及性能研究[D].青岛:青岛科技大学,2010.DOI:10.7666/d.y1740591.
[35]赵倩,王俊勃,宋宇宽,等.熔融盐高储热材料的研究进展[J].无机盐工业,2014,46(11):5-8.
[36]吴雨越,曾轶,肖玉麒,等.纳米复合相变材料固液相变储能过程研究进展[J].能源工程,2014(4):1-9.DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1004-3950.2014.04.001.
[37]路阳,彭国伟,王智平,等.熔融盐相变储热材料的研究现状及发展趋势[J].材料导报,2011,25(21):38-42.
[38]曾轶.面向储能应用的纳米复合相变材料固液相变传热特性实验研究[D].杭州:浙江大学,2014.
[39]祁先进,王华,王胜林,等.金属基与熔融盐复合蓄热材料的制备与性能研究[J].热能工程,2005,34(1):8-12.DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1002-1639.2005.01.003.
[40]张焘,曾亮,张东.膨胀石墨/石墨烯改善无机盐相变材料热物性能[J].无机盐工业,2010,42(5):24-26.DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1006-4990.2010.05.008.
[41]ACEM Z,LOPEZ J,DEL BARRIO E P.KNO3/Na NO3-graphite materials for thermal energy storage at high temperature:PartⅠ.Elaboration methods and thermal properties[J].Applied thermal engineering,2010,30(13):1580-1585.DOI:10.1016/j.applthermaleng.2010.03.013.
[42]LOPEZ J,ACEM Z,DEL BARRIO E P.KNO3/Na NO3-graphite materials for thermal energy storage at high temperature:PartⅡ.Phase transition properties[J].Applied thermal engineering,2010,30(13):1586-1593.DOI:10.1016/j.applthermaleng.2010.03.014.
[43]贺万玉,闰全英.熔融盐相变储热材料[J].材料导报,2015,29(25):128-130,140.
[44]刘良珍.无机盐/陶瓷基复合储能材料的实验研究[J].山东陶瓷,2011,34(2):17-19.
[45]吴建锋,李剑,徐晓虹,等.Na CI/Si C泡沫陶瓷高温复合相变蓄热材料[J].武汉理工大学学报,2009,31(17):70-73.