TC4钛合金薄壁高筋构件近等温锻造技术研究
|
摘要
研究了TC4钛合金薄壁高筋构件的近等温模锻工艺,合理设计了锻件的尺寸与模具结构,同时利用有限元模拟软件Deform3D对闭式模锻与开式模锻下的预制坯锻造方案以及不同长度的圆棒锻造方案下锻件的成形过程进行了有限元模拟分析,从而对锻造工艺参数进行合理选取。基于近等温锻造工艺,通过多火次、增量变形的方法成形出了质量良好的TC4钛合金精密模锻件。微观组织分析表明,锻件各区域的微观组织均为既存在等轴初生α相,又存在片状β相的双态组织,且晶粒大小比较均匀。相对于原始坯料,经过近等温锻造的锻件的断裂伸长率略微下降,屈服强度变化不大,而抗拉强度与弹性模量比坯料略微上升,力学性能良好。
The near isothermal forging process of TC4 alloy component with thin wall and high rib was introduced,the geometry size and structure of forgings die were properly designed and the forging processes of components in the preformed blank scheme under closed-die and open-die molding and rod billet forging scheme with different lengths were analysed through finite element analysis by using Deform-3 D,so as to properly determine the forging parameters. Based on the near isothermal forging process,the high quality TC4 alloy components were precisely formed with the method of multi-heating and incremental deformation. The microstructures analysis shows that both the primary equiaxed α phase and plate-like β phase exist in the forgings,and the grain size is relatively homogeneous. The elongation of forgings after near isothermal forging decreases slightly compared to the initial billets,while the yield strength does not change obviously,and the ultimate tensile strength and Young's modulus increase slightly,exhibiting good mechanical properties.
The near isothermal forging process of TC4 alloy component with thin wall and high rib was introduced,the geometry size and structure of forgings die were properly designed and the forging processes of components in the preformed blank scheme under closed-die and open-die molding and rod billet forging scheme with different lengths were analysed through finite element analysis by using Deform-3 D,so as to properly determine the forging parameters. Based on the near isothermal forging process,the high quality TC4 alloy components were precisely formed with the method of multi-heating and incremental deformation. The microstructures analysis shows that both the primary equiaxed α phase and plate-like β phase exist in the forgings,and the grain size is relatively homogeneous. The elongation of forgings after near isothermal forging decreases slightly compared to the initial billets,while the yield strength does not change obviously,and the ultimate tensile strength and Young's modulus increase slightly,exhibiting good mechanical properties.
引文
[1]张喜燕,赵永庆,白晨光.钛合金及应用[M].北京:化学工业出版社,2005.ZHANG Xiyan,ZHAO Yongqing,BAI Chenguang. Titanium alloy and application[M]. Beijing:Chemical Industry Press,2005.
[2]金和喜,魏克湘,李建明,等.航空用钛合金研究进展[J],中国有色金属学报,2015,25(2):280-292.JIN Hexi,WEI Kexiang,LI Jianming,et al. Research development of titanium alloy in aerospace industry[J]. The Chinese Journal of Nonferrous Metals,2015,25(2):280-292.
[3] ZHANG Z X,QU S J,FENG A H,et al. Achieving grain refinement and enhanced mechanical properties in Ti-6Al-4V alloy produced by multidirectional isothermal forging[J]. Materials Science and Engineering:A,2017,692:127-138.
[4] XU J X,ZENG W D,SUN X,et al. Microstructure evolution during isothermal forging and subsequent heat treatment of Ti-17 alloy with a lamellar colony structure[J]. Journal of Alloys and Compounds,2015,637:449-455.
[5]王晓燕,郭鸿镇,袁士翀,等.等温锻造温度对TC18钛合金组织性能的影响[J].锻压技术,2008,33(3):8-11.WANG Xiaoyan,GUO Hongzhen,YUAN Shichong,et al. Effect of isothermal forging temperature on microstructure and mechanical properties of TC18 alloy[J]. Forging&Stamping Technology,2008,33(3):8-11.
[6]张利军,常辉,薛祥义.等温锻造技术及其航空工业中的应用[J].金属铸锻焊技术,2010,39(21):21-24.ZHANG Lijun,CHANG Hui,XUE Xiangyi. Isothermal forging technology and application in aviation industry[J]. Casting Forging Welding,2010,39(21):21-24.
[7]郭拉凤,朱艳春,孔虎星,等.钛合金复杂构件等温锻造工艺研究[J],稀有金属,2012,36(2):357-362.GUO Lafeng,ZHU Yanchun,KONG Huxing,et al. Isothermal forging process of titanium alloy complex components[J]. Chineses Journal of Rare Metals,2012,36(2):357-362.
[8]刘飞,贾晓飞,王文宁,等. TC4薄腹高筋构件等温塑性成形研究[J].航天制造技术,2018,(3):31-34.LIU Fei,JIA Xiaofei,WANG Wenning,et al. Isothermal forging process research of TC4 alloy component with thin web and high rib[J]. Aerospace Manufacturing Technology,2018,(3):31-34.
[9]蒋红琰,程峰.复杂结构钛合金机翼的等温锻造试验研究[J].稀有金属材料与工程,2017,46(11):3182-3187.JIANG Hongyan,CHENG Feng. Experimental study on isothermal forging technology for a complex-shaped titanium alloy wing[J].Rare Metal Materials and Engineering,2017,46(11):3182-3187.
[10]李梁,闫飞昊,刘大海.钛合金膜板热模锻造工艺的模拟式设计[J].塑性工程学报,2010,17(1):27-31.LI Liang,YAN Feihao,LIU Dahai. Process design based on numerical simulation for hot-die forging of titanium alloy diaphragm component[J]. Journal of Plasticity Engineering, 2010, 17(1); 27-31.
[11]曲银化,孙建科,孟祥军.钛合金等温锻造技术研究进展[J].钛工业进展,2006,23(1):6-9.QU Yinhua,SUN Jianke,MENG Xiangjun. Research development of isothermal forging of titanium alloy[J]. Titanium Industry Progress,2006,23(1):6-9.
[12] GB/T 5168—2008,α-β钛合金高低倍组织检验方法[S].GB/T 5168—2008,Microstructure and macrostructure examination forα-βtitanium alloys[S].
[13] GB/T 228. 1—2010,金属材料拉伸试验-第1部分:室温实验方法[S].GB/T 228. 1—2010,Metallic materials-Tensile testing-Part 1:Method of test at room temperature[S].
[2]金和喜,魏克湘,李建明,等.航空用钛合金研究进展[J],中国有色金属学报,2015,25(2):280-292.JIN Hexi,WEI Kexiang,LI Jianming,et al. Research development of titanium alloy in aerospace industry[J]. The Chinese Journal of Nonferrous Metals,2015,25(2):280-292.
[3] ZHANG Z X,QU S J,FENG A H,et al. Achieving grain refinement and enhanced mechanical properties in Ti-6Al-4V alloy produced by multidirectional isothermal forging[J]. Materials Science and Engineering:A,2017,692:127-138.
[4] XU J X,ZENG W D,SUN X,et al. Microstructure evolution during isothermal forging and subsequent heat treatment of Ti-17 alloy with a lamellar colony structure[J]. Journal of Alloys and Compounds,2015,637:449-455.
[5]王晓燕,郭鸿镇,袁士翀,等.等温锻造温度对TC18钛合金组织性能的影响[J].锻压技术,2008,33(3):8-11.WANG Xiaoyan,GUO Hongzhen,YUAN Shichong,et al. Effect of isothermal forging temperature on microstructure and mechanical properties of TC18 alloy[J]. Forging&Stamping Technology,2008,33(3):8-11.
[6]张利军,常辉,薛祥义.等温锻造技术及其航空工业中的应用[J].金属铸锻焊技术,2010,39(21):21-24.ZHANG Lijun,CHANG Hui,XUE Xiangyi. Isothermal forging technology and application in aviation industry[J]. Casting Forging Welding,2010,39(21):21-24.
[7]郭拉凤,朱艳春,孔虎星,等.钛合金复杂构件等温锻造工艺研究[J],稀有金属,2012,36(2):357-362.GUO Lafeng,ZHU Yanchun,KONG Huxing,et al. Isothermal forging process of titanium alloy complex components[J]. Chineses Journal of Rare Metals,2012,36(2):357-362.
[8]刘飞,贾晓飞,王文宁,等. TC4薄腹高筋构件等温塑性成形研究[J].航天制造技术,2018,(3):31-34.LIU Fei,JIA Xiaofei,WANG Wenning,et al. Isothermal forging process research of TC4 alloy component with thin web and high rib[J]. Aerospace Manufacturing Technology,2018,(3):31-34.
[9]蒋红琰,程峰.复杂结构钛合金机翼的等温锻造试验研究[J].稀有金属材料与工程,2017,46(11):3182-3187.JIANG Hongyan,CHENG Feng. Experimental study on isothermal forging technology for a complex-shaped titanium alloy wing[J].Rare Metal Materials and Engineering,2017,46(11):3182-3187.
[10]李梁,闫飞昊,刘大海.钛合金膜板热模锻造工艺的模拟式设计[J].塑性工程学报,2010,17(1):27-31.LI Liang,YAN Feihao,LIU Dahai. Process design based on numerical simulation for hot-die forging of titanium alloy diaphragm component[J]. Journal of Plasticity Engineering, 2010, 17(1); 27-31.
[11]曲银化,孙建科,孟祥军.钛合金等温锻造技术研究进展[J].钛工业进展,2006,23(1):6-9.QU Yinhua,SUN Jianke,MENG Xiangjun. Research development of isothermal forging of titanium alloy[J]. Titanium Industry Progress,2006,23(1):6-9.
[12] GB/T 5168—2008,α-β钛合金高低倍组织检验方法[S].GB/T 5168—2008,Microstructure and macrostructure examination forα-βtitanium alloys[S].
[13] GB/T 228. 1—2010,金属材料拉伸试验-第1部分:室温实验方法[S].GB/T 228. 1—2010,Metallic materials-Tensile testing-Part 1:Method of test at room temperature[S].