熟练客-普双言者的语义通达机制:来自听觉词加工的证据
|
摘要
采用跨语言语义启动范式,考察熟练客家话-普通话双言者的语义通达方式。结果发现,当启动词与目标词有翻译或语义联想关系时,启动词易化对目标词的语义加工,且两种方向的启动量不存在显著差异。结果表明,对熟练客-普双言者,客家话和普通话的词汇表征和概念表征之间均建立了强的联系,支持修正后的等级模型。
In order to explore how the lexical presentation of proficient Hakka-Mandarin bilinguals' second language accesses its conceptual representation, the cross-language primed lexical decision task was used. We designed two experiments, in which experiment materials were presented in an auditory way. In the first experiment, we found significant priming effects not only when the Hakka characters were presented first and followed by their Mandarin translations, but also when the Mandarin characters were followed by their Hakka translations. In the second experiment, the relation between the targets and the primes was semantic association. We still found significant priming effects. The results suggested that the lexical representation of the second language could only access the conceptual representation via the corresponding lexical representation of its first language. Our result supported the Revised Hierarchical Model.
In order to explore how the lexical presentation of proficient Hakka-Mandarin bilinguals' second language accesses its conceptual representation, the cross-language primed lexical decision task was used. We designed two experiments, in which experiment materials were presented in an auditory way. In the first experiment, we found significant priming effects not only when the Hakka characters were presented first and followed by their Mandarin translations, but also when the Mandarin characters were followed by their Hakka translations. In the second experiment, the relation between the targets and the primes was semantic association. We still found significant priming effects. The results suggested that the lexical representation of the second language could only access the conceptual representation via the corresponding lexical representation of its first language. Our result supported the Revised Hierarchical Model.
引文
[1]杨静,王立新,彭聃龄.第二语言获得的年龄和熟练程度对双语表征的影响[J].当代语言学,2004(6):321-327.
[2]郭桃梅,彭聃龄.非熟练中-英双语者的第二语言的语义通达机制[J].心理学报,2003(1):23-28.
[3]Potter,M.C.,So,K.,Eckardt,B.,Feldman,L.B.Lexical and conceptual representation in beginning and more proficient bilinguals[J].Journal of Verbal Learning and Verbal Behavior,1984(1):23-38.
[4]崔占玲,张积家.藏-汉-英三语者语言联系模式探讨[J].心理学报,2009(3),208-219.
[5]Kroll,J.F.,Stewart,E.Category interference in translation and picture naming:Evidence for asymmetric connections between bilingual memory representations[J].Journal of Memory and Language,1994(2):149-174.
[6]Grainger,J.,Frenck-Mestre,C.Masked priming by translation equivalents in proficient bilinguals[J].Language and CognitiveProcesses,1998(6):601-623.
[7]盛瑞鑫,热比古丽·白克力,郭桃梅.熟练维-汉双语者汉语语义的通达机制[J].心理学探新,2007(1):53-56.
[8]Sholl,A.,Sankaranarayanan,A.,&Kroll,J.F.Transfer between picture naming and translation:A test of asymmetries in bilingual memory[J].Psychological Science,1995(6):45-49.
[9]彭志刚.陆河客家方言与普通话的区别[J].中州大学学报,2010(2):44-47.
[10]罗美珍,林立芳,饶长溶,等.客家话通用词典[M].广州:中山大学出版社,2004.
[11]欧阳觉亚,饶秉才,周耀文,等.广州话、客家话、潮汕语与普通话对照词典[M].广州:广东人民出版社,2006.
[12]Wartenburger,I.,Heekeren,H.R.,Abutalebi,J.,Cappa,S.F.,Villringer,A.,&Perani,D.Early setting of grammatical processing in the bilingual brain[J].Neuron,2007(1):159-170.
[13]Tan,L.H.,Spinks,J.A.,Feng,C.M.,Siok,W.T.,Perfetti,C.A.Xiong,J.et al.Neural systems of second language reading are shaped by native language[J].Human Brain Mapping,2003(3):8781-8785.
[14]Ullman,M.T.A neurocognitive perspective on language:the declarative/procedural mode1[J].Nature Reviews Neuroscience,2001(2):717-726.
[15]钱伟.广东三大方言对比[J].语文学刊,2010(4):5-7.
[16]万海燕,李国敏,邓明.论赣南客家话与汉语方言及普通话的相互关系[J].江西广播电视大学学报,2003(4):17-20.
[17]李国敏,万海燕,邓明.普通话对赣南客家话的影响[J].江西教育学院学报:社会科学,2004(1):65-67.
[18]Perani,D.,Abutalebi,J.,Paulesu,E.,Brambati,S.,Scifo,P.Cappa,S.The role of age of acquistion and language usage in early,high-proficient bilinguals:An f MRI study during verbal fluency[J].Human Brain Mapping,2003(3):170-182.
[19]Li,P.,Jin,Z.,&Tan,L.H.Neural representations of nouns and verbs in Chinese:An fM RI study[J].NeruoI mage,2004(4):1533-1541.
[20]Mc Bride-Chang,C.,Bialystok,E.,Chong,K.K.Y.,&Li,Y.P.Levels of phonological awareness in three cultures[J].Journal of Experimental Child Psychology,2004(2):93-111.
[2]郭桃梅,彭聃龄.非熟练中-英双语者的第二语言的语义通达机制[J].心理学报,2003(1):23-28.
[3]Potter,M.C.,So,K.,Eckardt,B.,Feldman,L.B.Lexical and conceptual representation in beginning and more proficient bilinguals[J].Journal of Verbal Learning and Verbal Behavior,1984(1):23-38.
[4]崔占玲,张积家.藏-汉-英三语者语言联系模式探讨[J].心理学报,2009(3),208-219.
[5]Kroll,J.F.,Stewart,E.Category interference in translation and picture naming:Evidence for asymmetric connections between bilingual memory representations[J].Journal of Memory and Language,1994(2):149-174.
[6]Grainger,J.,Frenck-Mestre,C.Masked priming by translation equivalents in proficient bilinguals[J].Language and CognitiveProcesses,1998(6):601-623.
[7]盛瑞鑫,热比古丽·白克力,郭桃梅.熟练维-汉双语者汉语语义的通达机制[J].心理学探新,2007(1):53-56.
[8]Sholl,A.,Sankaranarayanan,A.,&Kroll,J.F.Transfer between picture naming and translation:A test of asymmetries in bilingual memory[J].Psychological Science,1995(6):45-49.
[9]彭志刚.陆河客家方言与普通话的区别[J].中州大学学报,2010(2):44-47.
[10]罗美珍,林立芳,饶长溶,等.客家话通用词典[M].广州:中山大学出版社,2004.
[11]欧阳觉亚,饶秉才,周耀文,等.广州话、客家话、潮汕语与普通话对照词典[M].广州:广东人民出版社,2006.
[12]Wartenburger,I.,Heekeren,H.R.,Abutalebi,J.,Cappa,S.F.,Villringer,A.,&Perani,D.Early setting of grammatical processing in the bilingual brain[J].Neuron,2007(1):159-170.
[13]Tan,L.H.,Spinks,J.A.,Feng,C.M.,Siok,W.T.,Perfetti,C.A.Xiong,J.et al.Neural systems of second language reading are shaped by native language[J].Human Brain Mapping,2003(3):8781-8785.
[14]Ullman,M.T.A neurocognitive perspective on language:the declarative/procedural mode1[J].Nature Reviews Neuroscience,2001(2):717-726.
[15]钱伟.广东三大方言对比[J].语文学刊,2010(4):5-7.
[16]万海燕,李国敏,邓明.论赣南客家话与汉语方言及普通话的相互关系[J].江西广播电视大学学报,2003(4):17-20.
[17]李国敏,万海燕,邓明.普通话对赣南客家话的影响[J].江西教育学院学报:社会科学,2004(1):65-67.
[18]Perani,D.,Abutalebi,J.,Paulesu,E.,Brambati,S.,Scifo,P.Cappa,S.The role of age of acquistion and language usage in early,high-proficient bilinguals:An f MRI study during verbal fluency[J].Human Brain Mapping,2003(3):170-182.
[19]Li,P.,Jin,Z.,&Tan,L.H.Neural representations of nouns and verbs in Chinese:An fM RI study[J].NeruoI mage,2004(4):1533-1541.
[20]Mc Bride-Chang,C.,Bialystok,E.,Chong,K.K.Y.,&Li,Y.P.Levels of phonological awareness in three cultures[J].Journal of Experimental Child Psychology,2004(2):93-111.