氧气浓度对气相爆轰合成纳米碳球的影响
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摘要
以氧气和苯为反应物,采用气相爆轰法制备纳米碳球是一种新兴的碳纳米材料的制备方法,通过X射线衍射(XRD)进行物相分析,并通过透射电镜(TEM)进行形貌分析,观察了产物的晶粒大小。结果表明,纳米碳球的尺寸在30~50nm之间,随着氧气浓度的增加,产物晶粒尺寸变小,分散性也变好,团聚程度降低。同时发现,反应物的初始浓度对气相爆轰合成纳米材料有重要影响。此外,还对气相爆轰合成纳米碳球的形成机理进行了讨论。
Preparing carbon nanospheres by gaseous detonation using oxygen-benzene mixture as the reactants is a new method.The crystal composition,grain size and phase structure were characterized by X-ray diffraction(XRD)and transmission electron microscopy(TEM).The results indicate that the dimension distribution of the carbon nanospheres ranges from 30 to 50nm.The grain size decreases as the oxygen content increases,but the grain dispersivity is improved and the agglomerate is reduced.At the same time,the initial concentration of the reactants has significant influence on the synthesis of nanomaterial prepared by gaseous detonation.Furthermore,the growth mechanism of carbon nanospheres by gaseous detonation was discussed.
Preparing carbon nanospheres by gaseous detonation using oxygen-benzene mixture as the reactants is a new method.The crystal composition,grain size and phase structure were characterized by X-ray diffraction(XRD)and transmission electron microscopy(TEM).The results indicate that the dimension distribution of the carbon nanospheres ranges from 30 to 50nm.The grain size decreases as the oxygen content increases,but the grain dispersivity is improved and the agglomerate is reduced.At the same time,the initial concentration of the reactants has significant influence on the synthesis of nanomaterial prepared by gaseous detonation.Furthermore,the growth mechanism of carbon nanospheres by gaseous detonation was discussed.
引文
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[7]TANG K,FU L J,WHITE R J,et al.Hollow carbon nanospheres with superior rate capability for sodium-based batteries[J].Adv Energ Mater,2012,2(7):873-877.
[8]HAN F D,YAN B,BAI Y J.Preparation of carbon nano-onions and their application as anode materials for rechargeable lithium-ion batteries[J].J Phys Chem C,2011,115(18):8923-8927.
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[10]PECH D,BRUNET M,DUROU H,et al.Ultrahigh-power micrometre-sized supercapacitors based on onion-like carbon[J].Nature Nanotech,2010,5(9):651-654.
[11]徐惠娟,熊翔,易茂中,等.薄毡叠层炭/炭复合材料的高温导热性能[J].中南大学学报(自然科学版),2008,39(3):500-505.XU H J,XIONG X,YI M Z,et al.Thermal conductivity properties of carbon/carbon composites with thin felt laminate at high temperature[J].Journal of Central South University(Natural Science Edition),2008,39(3):500-505.
[12]UGARTE D.Morphology and structure of graphitic soot particles generated in arc-discharge C60production[J].Chem Phys Lett,1992,198(6):596-602.
[13]WANG Q,CAO F Y,CHEN Q W,et al.Preparation of carbon micro-spheres by hydrothermal treatment of methylcellulose sol[J].Mater Lett,2005,59(28):3738-3741.
[14]李新海,何方勇,郭华军,等.F-掺杂LiMn2O4的合成及电化学性能[J].中国有色金属学报,2008,18(1):55-58.LI X H,HE F Y,GUO H J,et al.Synthesis and electrochemical performance of LiMn2O4doped with F[J].The Chinese Journal of Nonferrous Metals,2008,18(1):55-58.
[15]YOON S B,SOHN K,KIM J Y,et al.Fabrication of carbon capsules with hollow macroporous core/mesoporous shell structures[J].Adv Mater,2002,14(1):19-21.
[16]SHARON M,YASE K,MUKHOPADHYAY K,et al.Spongy carbon nanobeads—a new material[J].Carbon,1998,36(5):507-511.
[17]文富国,尹彩流,黄启忠,等.碳化钙-氯仿体系制备碳纳米球及其结构表征[J].广西民族大学学报(自然科学版),2009,15(1):67-69.WEN F G,YIN C L,HUANG Q Z,et al.Calcium carbide-chloroform system preparation of carbon nanotubes and their structural characterization[J].Journal of Guangxi University for Nationalities(Natural Science Edition),2009,15(1):67-69.
[18]SOGABE T,OKADA O,KURODA K,et al.Improvement in properties and air oxidation resistance of carbon materials by boron oxide impregnation[J].Carbon,1997,35(1):67-72.
[19]KROTO H W,MCKAY K.The formation of quasi-icosahedral spiral shell carbon particles[J].Nature,1988,331(228):328-331.