黑索金爆轰合成纳米金刚石-Al_2O_3复合材料
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摘要
采用纳米金刚石与B_2O_3高温共熔,与Al溶胶溶液均匀混合等步骤制备前驱体粉末,与不同质量分数黑索金均匀混合制成药卷,起爆药卷,收集爆轰产物分析。利用XRD、场发射透射电镜观察,并且运用BKW计算程序运算含Al、B元素特殊炸药的爆轰参数,探讨产物生成的机制。分析爆轰产物的组成成分、形貌结构。结果表明:纳米金刚石-Al_2O_3结构的纳米颗粒具备纳米金刚石易与任何极性物质兼容、分散稳定好、不易团聚等优点。爆轰反应生成的高温、高压使Al_2O_3、B_2O_3-纳米金刚石分子间的化学键断裂,形成游离态的B_2O_3-纳米金刚石、Al_2O_3自由基,自由碰撞后迅速凝结成小液滴。高温作用下,Al_2O_3熔化成球状,吸附B_2O_3-纳米金刚石,且黑索金比重越大,得到的产物包覆结构越明显。形成的纳米颗粒比原有的纳米金刚石粉末粒径增大许多。
Nano diamond and boric anhydride were melted together at high temperature and then was mixed with alumina sol solution.Different proportions of hexogeon powder mixed homogeneously to precursor powder were made into blasting charges.Cartridges were detonated and products were collected.XRD and transmission electron microscopy with selected area electron diffraction were used to characterize the obtained detonation products.And BKW calculation program was used to operate special explosive detonation parameters contained Al and B element.The results show that nano diamond-Al_2O_3full-package structures are found.The polar material compatibility and good dispersion stability are connected to such nano particle.The product generation mechanism is explored.The chemical bonds are broken by temperature and pressure produced by detonation reaction.The droplet is formed of radical B_2O_3-nano diamond,Al_2O_3 after collision.Al_2O_3 is made into a ball at high temperature.And radical B_2O_3-nano diamond is absorbed.More perfect encapsulation structure and bigger nano diamond is produced by more hexogeon.
Nano diamond and boric anhydride were melted together at high temperature and then was mixed with alumina sol solution.Different proportions of hexogeon powder mixed homogeneously to precursor powder were made into blasting charges.Cartridges were detonated and products were collected.XRD and transmission electron microscopy with selected area electron diffraction were used to characterize the obtained detonation products.And BKW calculation program was used to operate special explosive detonation parameters contained Al and B element.The results show that nano diamond-Al_2O_3full-package structures are found.The polar material compatibility and good dispersion stability are connected to such nano particle.The product generation mechanism is explored.The chemical bonds are broken by temperature and pressure produced by detonation reaction.The droplet is formed of radical B_2O_3-nano diamond,Al_2O_3 after collision.Al_2O_3 is made into a ball at high temperature.And radical B_2O_3-nano diamond is absorbed.More perfect encapsulation structure and bigger nano diamond is produced by more hexogeon.
引文
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[14]朱建华,刘磊,赵海军,等.电铸nano-Al2O3/Cu复合材料的组织与性能[J].复合材料学报,2006,4(8):65-71.ZHU J H,LIU L,ZHAO H J,et al.Micro structure and property of electroformed nano-Al2O3/Cu composite[J].Acta Material Composite Sinica,2006,4(8):65-71(in Chinese).
[15]李合琴,何晓雄,曹闰,等.纳米Ni-20Fe颗粒增韧Al2O3复合材料的力学性能与磁性能[J].复合材料学报,2006,33(6):103-107.LI H Q,HE X X,CAO R,et al.Mechanical and magnetic properties of nano-Ni-20Fe toughening alumina-based nano composites[J].Acta Material Composite Sinica,2006,33(6):103-107(in Chinese).
[2]HAY R A.The new diamond technology and its application to cutting tools,ceramic cutting tools[M].Norwich,NewYork:William Andrew Publishing/Noyes,1994,11:305-327.
[3]臧建兵,王明智,王艳辉.ZrO2颗粒状态SiC/金刚石复相陶瓷结构、性能的影响[J].复合材料学报,1998,1(2):35-38.ZANG J B,WANG M Z,WANG Y H.Effect of ZrO2powder form on the tructure and properties of SiC/diamond composite[J].Acta Material Composite Sinica,1998,1(2):35-38(in Chinese).
[4]张立学,金志浩,宫本钦生.金刚石颗粒弥散WC-Co复合物的烧结及其韧化[J].复合材料学报,2004,1(2):51-55.ZHANG L X,JIN Z H,MIYAMOTO Y.Sintering and toughening behavior of dense diamond dispersed WC-10wt%Co composites[J].Acta Material Composite Sinica,2004,1(2):51-55(in Chinese).
[5]吴桂顺.爆轰法合成碳包覆铁和氧化铝纳米颗粒[D].大连:大连理工大学,2012.WU G S.Synthesis of carbon-encapsulated iron and alumina nanoparticles by detonation method[D].Dalian:Dalian University of Technology,2012(in Chinese).
[6]赵玉成,王明智,张贝贝,等.纳米金刚石-陶瓷结合剂复合粉体的高分子网络凝胶法制备与烧结[J].复合材料学报,2013,3(6):120-124.ZHAO Y C,WANG M Z,ZHANG B B,et al.Preparation and sintering of nano diamond-vitrified bond composite powders by polydactyl amide gel method[J].Acta Material Composite Sinica,2013,3(6):120-124(in Chinese).
[7]乔志军.纳米金刚石石墨化转变以及纳米金刚石/铜复合材料的制备与性能[D].天津:天津大学,2007.QIAO Z J.Graphitization of nano diamond and properties of nano diamond/Cu composite[D].Tianjin:Tianjin University,2007(in Chinese).
[8]NOBUYUKI K,YOSHIHIRO Y,TAKESHI T,et al.Atomic layer deposition of Al2O3thin films on diamond[J].Diamond&Related Materials,2005,14(11-12):2015-2018.
[9]陈鹏万,恽寿榕,黄风雷,等.爆轰合成纳米超微金刚石的提纯方法研究[J].功能材料,2000,31(1):56-65.CHEN P W,YUN S R,HUANG F L,et al.Purification of ultrafine diamonds obtained from detonation[J].Functional Materials,2000,31(1):56-65(in Chinese).
[10]王小红,李晓杰,李瑞勇,等.特殊炸药的爆轰参数计算[J].高压物理学报,2013,1(2):119-124.WANG X H,LI X J,LI R Y,et al.Calculation of detonation parameters of special explosives[J].Chinese Journal of High Pressure Physics,2013,1(2):119-124(in Chinese).
[11]韦秉旭,吴雄,唐健军.用BKW状态方程计算乳化炸药爆轰参数的研究[J].爆破器材,2001,30(6):1-5.WEI B X,WU X,TANG J J.The calculation research of emulsion explosive detonation parameters with BKW equation[J].Explosive Materials,2001,30(6):1-5(in Chinese).
[12]吴强,经福谦,李欣竹.零温物态方程输入参数B0K、B'0K和ρ0K的确定[J].高压物理学报,2005,19(6):97-104.WU Q,JING F Q,LI X Z.Determination of the input parameters B0K,B'0K andρ0Kfor 0 K universal is thermals equation of state[J].Chinese Journal of High Pressure Physics,2005,19(6):97-104(in Chinese).
[13]罗宁.爆轰法合成碳包覆金属纳米材料的研究[D].大连:大连理工大学,2011.LUO N.Research on detonation synthesis of carbon-encapsulated metal nano materials[D].Dalian:Dalian University of Technology,2011(in Chinese).
[14]朱建华,刘磊,赵海军,等.电铸nano-Al2O3/Cu复合材料的组织与性能[J].复合材料学报,2006,4(8):65-71.ZHU J H,LIU L,ZHAO H J,et al.Micro structure and property of electroformed nano-Al2O3/Cu composite[J].Acta Material Composite Sinica,2006,4(8):65-71(in Chinese).
[15]李合琴,何晓雄,曹闰,等.纳米Ni-20Fe颗粒增韧Al2O3复合材料的力学性能与磁性能[J].复合材料学报,2006,33(6):103-107.LI H Q,HE X X,CAO R,et al.Mechanical and magnetic properties of nano-Ni-20Fe toughening alumina-based nano composites[J].Acta Material Composite Sinica,2006,33(6):103-107(in Chinese).