校园欺凌道德推脱量表在国内中学生群体中的信效度检验
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摘要
目的:检验中文版校园欺凌道德推脱量表(Moral Disengagement in Bullying Scale, MDBS)的信度和效度。方法:选取1039名中学生为被试,填写中文版MDBS量表,采用攻击性量表(AQ)和青少年良心问卷作为效标。4周后随机抽取124名中学生进行重测。结果:MDBS中文版包括道德辩护、委婉标签、有利比较、责任推移、责任分散、扭曲后果、受害者归因7个因子,共18个项目;验证性因素分析显示,七因子模型的拟合指标良好(χ~2/df=3.35,CFI=0.929,TLI=0.905,RMSEA=0.055,SRMR=0.044);总量表得分与攻击性、良心得分显著相关(r=0.298、-0.383,P<0.001);总量表的Cronbachα为0.907,间隔4周的重测系数为0.775,7个因子的内部一致性信度在0.605-0.784之间,重测信度在0.642-0.783之间。结论:MDBS中文版具有良好的信度和效度,可作为国内中学生校园欺凌道德推脱的评估工具。
Objective: To investigate the reliability and validity of the Chinese version of the Moral Disengagement in Bullying Scale(MDBS). Methods: A sample of 1039 middle school students were asked to complete the Chinese version of MDBS. Aggression Questionnaire(AQ) and Conscience Questionnaire were chosen as the criterion-related indicators. 124 of the students were randomly selected to be retested after four weeks. Results: The Chinese version of MDBS contained 18 items and seven factors. The results of confirmatory factor analysis showed that MDBS had a good construct validity(χ2/df=3.35, CFI=0.929, TLI=0.905, RMSEA=0.055, SRMR=0.044). The MDBS scores were correlated with AQ and Adolescent Conscience Questionnaire(r=0.298、-0.383, P<0.001). Cronbach's α coefficient and the test-retest reliability of MDBS was0.907 and 0.775. Cronbach's a coefficient of seven subscales ranged 0.605-0.784, and the test-retest reliability ranged0.642-0.783. Conclusion: The MDBS is a valid and reliable instrument to assess the moral disengagement in bullying in Chinese middle school students.
Objective: To investigate the reliability and validity of the Chinese version of the Moral Disengagement in Bullying Scale(MDBS). Methods: A sample of 1039 middle school students were asked to complete the Chinese version of MDBS. Aggression Questionnaire(AQ) and Conscience Questionnaire were chosen as the criterion-related indicators. 124 of the students were randomly selected to be retested after four weeks. Results: The Chinese version of MDBS contained 18 items and seven factors. The results of confirmatory factor analysis showed that MDBS had a good construct validity(χ2/df=3.35, CFI=0.929, TLI=0.905, RMSEA=0.055, SRMR=0.044). The MDBS scores were correlated with AQ and Adolescent Conscience Questionnaire(r=0.298、-0.383, P<0.001). Cronbach's α coefficient and the test-retest reliability of MDBS was0.907 and 0.775. Cronbach's a coefficient of seven subscales ranged 0.605-0.784, and the test-retest reliability ranged0.642-0.783. Conclusion: The MDBS is a valid and reliable instrument to assess the moral disengagement in bullying in Chinese middle school students.
引文
1颜湘颖,姚建龙.“宽容而不纵容”的校园欺凌治理机制研究--中小学校园欺凌现象的法学思考.中国教育学刊,2017,1:10-14
2 Hymel S,Schonert-Reichl KA,Bonanno RA,et al.Bullying and morality.In SR Jimerson,SM Swearer,&D.L Espelage(Eds.),Handbook of bullying in schools:An international perspective,New York,NY:Routledge,2010.101-118
3 Thornberg R.A study of children’s conceptions of school rules by investigating their judgements of transgressions in the absence of rules.Educational Psychology,2010,30(5):583-603
4 Nucci LP.Education in the moral domain.Cambridge University Press,2001
5 Bandura A.Moral disengagement in the perpetration of inhumanities.Personality&Social Psychology Review An Official Journal of the Society for Personality&Social Psychology Inc,1999,3(3):193
6 Bandura A.Selective Moral Disengagement in the Exercise of Moral Agency.Journal of Moral Education,2002,31(2):101-119
7全晓洁,靳玉乐.校园欺凌的“道德推脱”溯源及其改进策略.中国教育学刊,2017,11:91-96
8 Thornberg R,Jungert T.School bullying and the mechanisms of moral disengagement.Aggressive Behavior,2013,40(2):99-108
9 Gini G,Pozzoli T,Hauser M.Bullies have enhanced moral competence to judge relative to victims,but lack moral compassion.Personality&Individual Differences,2011,50(5):603-608
10 Hyde LW,Shaw DS,Moilanen KL.Developmental Precursors of Moral Disengagement and the Role of Moral Disengagement in the Development of Antisocial Behavior.Journal of Abnormal Child Psychology,2010,38(2):197
11 Perren S,Gutzwiller-Helfenfinger E.Cyberbullying and traditional bullying in adolescence:Differential roles of moral disengagement,moral emotions,and moral values.European Journal of Developmental Psychology,2012,9(2):195-209
12 Bandura A,Caprara GV,Barbaranelli C,et al.Sociocognitive self-Regulatory mechanisms governing transgressive behavior.Journal of Personality&Social Psychology,2001,80(1):125
13 Thornberg R,Jungert T.Bystander behavior in bullying situations:basic moral sensitivity,moral disengagement and defender self-efficacy.Journal of Adolescence,2013,36(3):475-483
14 Obermann ML.Moral disengagement in self-reported and peer-nominated school bullying.Aggress Behav,2011,37(2):133-144
15 Hymel S,Rocke-Henderson N,Bonanno RA.Moral disengagement:A framework for understanding bullying among adolescents.Journal of Social Sciences,Special Issue,2005,8:1-11
16 Pozzoli T,Gini G,Vieno A.Individual and Class Moral Disengagement in Bullying Among Elementary School Children.Aggressive Behavior,2012,38(5):378-388
17王兴超,杨继平.中文版道德推脱问卷的信效度研究.中国临床心理学杂志,2010,18(2):177-179
18王兴超,杨继平,高玲.公民道德推脱问卷的中文版修订.心理与行为研究,2013,11(6):838-842
19 Pornari CD,Wood J.Peer and cyber aggression in secondary school students:the role of moral disengagement,hostile attribution bias,and outcome expectancies.Aggressive Behavior,2010,36(2):81-94
20 Thornberg R,Jungert T.Moral disengagement in bullying.Paper presented at the 41th Congress of Nordic Educational Research Association at the University of Iceland,Reykjavik,Iceland,2013.7-9
21李献云,费立鹏,张亚利,等.Buss和Perry攻击问卷中文版的修订和信效度.中国神经精神疾病杂志,2011,37(10):607-613
22邱小艳,燕良轼.青少年良心问卷的编制及信效度检验.中国临床心理学杂志,2016,24(2):240-244
23 Olweus D.Bullying at school:basic facts and effects of a school based intervention program.Journal of Child Psychology&Psychiatry&Allied Disciplines,1994,35(7):1171-90
24王孟成.潜变量建模与Mplus应用.基础篇.重庆大学出版社,2014.22
25 Paciello M,Fida R,Tramontano C,et al.Stability and Change of Moral Disengagement and Its Impact on Aggression and Violence in Late Adolescence.Child Development,2008,79(5):1288-1309
26刘秋苹.初中生良心与道德推脱现状及其关系研究.长沙:湖南师范大学硕士学位论文.湖南师范大学,2016
2 Hymel S,Schonert-Reichl KA,Bonanno RA,et al.Bullying and morality.In SR Jimerson,SM Swearer,&D.L Espelage(Eds.),Handbook of bullying in schools:An international perspective,New York,NY:Routledge,2010.101-118
3 Thornberg R.A study of children’s conceptions of school rules by investigating their judgements of transgressions in the absence of rules.Educational Psychology,2010,30(5):583-603
4 Nucci LP.Education in the moral domain.Cambridge University Press,2001
5 Bandura A.Moral disengagement in the perpetration of inhumanities.Personality&Social Psychology Review An Official Journal of the Society for Personality&Social Psychology Inc,1999,3(3):193
6 Bandura A.Selective Moral Disengagement in the Exercise of Moral Agency.Journal of Moral Education,2002,31(2):101-119
7全晓洁,靳玉乐.校园欺凌的“道德推脱”溯源及其改进策略.中国教育学刊,2017,11:91-96
8 Thornberg R,Jungert T.School bullying and the mechanisms of moral disengagement.Aggressive Behavior,2013,40(2):99-108
9 Gini G,Pozzoli T,Hauser M.Bullies have enhanced moral competence to judge relative to victims,but lack moral compassion.Personality&Individual Differences,2011,50(5):603-608
10 Hyde LW,Shaw DS,Moilanen KL.Developmental Precursors of Moral Disengagement and the Role of Moral Disengagement in the Development of Antisocial Behavior.Journal of Abnormal Child Psychology,2010,38(2):197
11 Perren S,Gutzwiller-Helfenfinger E.Cyberbullying and traditional bullying in adolescence:Differential roles of moral disengagement,moral emotions,and moral values.European Journal of Developmental Psychology,2012,9(2):195-209
12 Bandura A,Caprara GV,Barbaranelli C,et al.Sociocognitive self-Regulatory mechanisms governing transgressive behavior.Journal of Personality&Social Psychology,2001,80(1):125
13 Thornberg R,Jungert T.Bystander behavior in bullying situations:basic moral sensitivity,moral disengagement and defender self-efficacy.Journal of Adolescence,2013,36(3):475-483
14 Obermann ML.Moral disengagement in self-reported and peer-nominated school bullying.Aggress Behav,2011,37(2):133-144
15 Hymel S,Rocke-Henderson N,Bonanno RA.Moral disengagement:A framework for understanding bullying among adolescents.Journal of Social Sciences,Special Issue,2005,8:1-11
16 Pozzoli T,Gini G,Vieno A.Individual and Class Moral Disengagement in Bullying Among Elementary School Children.Aggressive Behavior,2012,38(5):378-388
17王兴超,杨继平.中文版道德推脱问卷的信效度研究.中国临床心理学杂志,2010,18(2):177-179
18王兴超,杨继平,高玲.公民道德推脱问卷的中文版修订.心理与行为研究,2013,11(6):838-842
19 Pornari CD,Wood J.Peer and cyber aggression in secondary school students:the role of moral disengagement,hostile attribution bias,and outcome expectancies.Aggressive Behavior,2010,36(2):81-94
20 Thornberg R,Jungert T.Moral disengagement in bullying.Paper presented at the 41th Congress of Nordic Educational Research Association at the University of Iceland,Reykjavik,Iceland,2013.7-9
21李献云,费立鹏,张亚利,等.Buss和Perry攻击问卷中文版的修订和信效度.中国神经精神疾病杂志,2011,37(10):607-613
22邱小艳,燕良轼.青少年良心问卷的编制及信效度检验.中国临床心理学杂志,2016,24(2):240-244
23 Olweus D.Bullying at school:basic facts and effects of a school based intervention program.Journal of Child Psychology&Psychiatry&Allied Disciplines,1994,35(7):1171-90
24王孟成.潜变量建模与Mplus应用.基础篇.重庆大学出版社,2014.22
25 Paciello M,Fida R,Tramontano C,et al.Stability and Change of Moral Disengagement and Its Impact on Aggression and Violence in Late Adolescence.Child Development,2008,79(5):1288-1309
26刘秋苹.初中生良心与道德推脱现状及其关系研究.长沙:湖南师范大学硕士学位论文.湖南师范大学,2016