淡豆豉抗菌活性及化学成分分析
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摘要
目的:研究传统发酵中药淡豆豉的抗菌活性及化学成分。方法:淡豆豉80%乙醇提取物用适量蒸馏水混悬,依次用石油醚、乙酸乙酯及水饱和正丁醇萃取,得石油醚、乙酸乙酯、正丁醇萃取部分及水层,利用体外抗菌法筛选和追踪抗菌活性部分,采用硅胶柱色谱等方法及制备HPLC对抗菌活性最强部分进行分离纯化,得单体化合物,并根据化合物的理化性质和1H-NMR,13C-NMR,MS等波谱数据鉴定其结构。结果:淡豆豉80%乙醇提取物的乙酸乙酯萃取部分显示最强的抗菌活性,该有效部分对呼吸道致病菌及其他常见致病菌均显示较强的抗菌活性,正丁醇萃取部分和石油醚萃取部分次之。从乙酸乙酯萃取部分分离得到18个化合物,鉴定了其中11个化合物的化学结构,分别为大豆素(1),大豆苷(2),染料木素(3),染料木苷(4),黄豆黄素(5),黄豆黄苷(6),胡萝卜苷(7),胸腺嘧啶(8),腺嘌呤(9),尿嘧啶(10),尿苷(11)。结论:淡豆豉80%乙醇提取物的乙酸乙酯萃取部分抗菌效果明显。化合物1～6为异黄酮类;化合物7～11为首次从该药材中分离得到。
Objective: To study the antibacterial activity and chemical constituents of Sojae Semen Praeparatum as a traditional Chinese medicine. Method: Sojae Semen Praeparatum was extracted with 80%ethanol,and the extracts were suspended in an appropriate amount of distilled water and extracted with petroleum ether,ethyl acetate and water saturated n-butanol in turn. The antibacterial activity in vitro was used for screening the active fractions. Using activity-guided-isolation,the active fractions were isolated and purified by silica gel column chromatography and preparative HPLC and other methods. Their structures were identified by physicochemical properties and spectroscopic analysis,such as1 H-NMR,13 C-NMR and MS. Result: The ethyl acetate fraction of 80% ethanol extract from Sojae Semen Praeparatum showed a stronger activity and was studied further. Eighteen compounds were isolated,and eleven compounds were identified as daidzein( 1),daidzin( 2),genistein( 3),genistin( 4),glycitein( 5),glycitin( 6),daucosterol( 7),thymine( 8), adenine( 9),uracil( 10),uridine( 11). Conclusion: The ethyl acetate fraction of 80% ethanol extract from Sojae Semen Praeparatum shows an antibacterial activity. Compounds 1-6 are isoflavones. Compounds 7-11 are isolated from Sojae Semen Praeparatum for the first time.
Objective: To study the antibacterial activity and chemical constituents of Sojae Semen Praeparatum as a traditional Chinese medicine. Method: Sojae Semen Praeparatum was extracted with 80%ethanol,and the extracts were suspended in an appropriate amount of distilled water and extracted with petroleum ether,ethyl acetate and water saturated n-butanol in turn. The antibacterial activity in vitro was used for screening the active fractions. Using activity-guided-isolation,the active fractions were isolated and purified by silica gel column chromatography and preparative HPLC and other methods. Their structures were identified by physicochemical properties and spectroscopic analysis,such as1 H-NMR,13 C-NMR and MS. Result: The ethyl acetate fraction of 80% ethanol extract from Sojae Semen Praeparatum showed a stronger activity and was studied further. Eighteen compounds were isolated,and eleven compounds were identified as daidzein( 1),daidzin( 2),genistein( 3),genistin( 4),glycitein( 5),glycitin( 6),daucosterol( 7),thymine( 8), adenine( 9),uracil( 10),uridine( 11). Conclusion: The ethyl acetate fraction of 80% ethanol extract from Sojae Semen Praeparatum shows an antibacterial activity. Compounds 1-6 are isoflavones. Compounds 7-11 are isolated from Sojae Semen Praeparatum for the first time.
引文
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[16]李晶,孔维松,刘欣,等.大马士革玫瑰中1个异黄酮类化合物及其抗菌活性研究[J].中国中药杂志,2018,43(2):332-335.
[2]国家药典委员会.中华人民共和国药典.一部[M].北京:中国医药科技出版社,2015:328.
[3]牛广财,贾亭亭,魏文毅,等.淡豆豉的研究进展[J].中国酿造,2013,32(9):1-5.
[4]朱海针,龙凯,梁永红,等. Biolog技术监测淡豆豉发酵炮制过程中微生物种类动态变化[J].中国实验方剂学杂志,2015,21(17):14-17.
[5]谭颖颖,张琪.淡豆豉提取物对乳腺癌细胞增殖的抑制作用[J].中国实验方剂学杂志,2011,17(18):220-222.
[6]李仪奎.中药药理实验方法学[M].上海:上海科学技术出版社,1991:289-291.
[7]袁珊琴,于能江,赵毅民,等.淡豆豉中的化学成分[J].中药材,2008,31(8):1172-1174.
[8]徐德平,丁绍东,肖凯,等.大豆胚芽异黄酮的提取分离与结构鉴定[J].无锡轻工大学学报,2003,23(1):53-55,69.
[9]冯卫生.中药化学成分结构解析[M].北京:科学出版社,2008:435-437.
[10]张起辉,周莲娣,闫小玉,等.海洋真菌Nigrospora sphaerica化学成分的分离与鉴定(Ⅰ)[J].沈阳药科大学学报,2010,27(5):350-353.
[11] LI Y Y,CHOU G X,WANG Z T. Chemical constituents in n-butanol extract from the seeds of Alpinia katsumadai[J]. Chin J Nat Med,2010,7(6):417-420.
[12]王大海,殷志琦,张庆文,等.广藿香非挥发性化学成分的研究[J].中国中药杂志,2010,35(20):2704-2707.
[13]霍长虹,赵玉英,梁鸿,等.老鼠簕化学成分的研究[J].中国中药杂志,2005,30(10):763-765.
[14]雷雨,吴立军,毕丹,等.野独活茎化学成分的分离与鉴定[J].沈阳药科大学学报,2009,26(2):104-107.
[15]王天晓,尹震花,张伟,等.补骨脂抗氧化、抑制α-葡萄糖苷酶和抗菌活性成分研究[J].中国中药杂志,2013,38(14):2328-2333.
[16]李晶,孔维松,刘欣,等.大马士革玫瑰中1个异黄酮类化合物及其抗菌活性研究[J].中国中药杂志,2018,43(2):332-335.