茎瘤芥瘤茎质构分析
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摘要
质构是榨菜重要的品质特征,与榨菜原料(茎瘤芥瘤茎)的质构和加工工艺密切相关。采用质构分析(TPA)仪对茎瘤芥瘤茎及榨菜进行质构分析,结果表明,茎瘤芥瘤茎头部与中部的弹性、咀嚼性和粘结性,头部与尾部的硬度和脆度无显著性差异(P>0.05),其他质构指标均有不同程度的显著性差异(P<0.05);各个部位质构指标分析数据离散程度小;茎瘤芥瘤茎各个部位的咀嚼性-粘结性、咀嚼性-弹性相关性较高;茎瘤芥瘤茎质构各个指标的相关性的规律性与取样方式有关,芯部硬度与脆度的相关性较高,而皮层硬度与脆度的相关性较低。榨菜的脆度值较茎瘤芥瘤茎减小,而榨菜的硬度值、弹性值、内聚性值、咀嚼性值和粘结性值较茎瘤芥瘤茎增大。
Texture is an important quality characteristic of tumorous stem mustard, which is closely related to the texture and processing technology of the raw material(tumorous stem in tumorous stem mustard) of the tumorous stem mustard. The texture of the tumorous stem and tumorous stem mustard was analyzed by using the texture profile analysis(TPA). The results showed that there was no significant difference in the elasticity, chewiness and cohesiveness between the head and the middle of the tumorous stem, and in the hardness and brittleness between the head and the tail(P>0.05).However, the other texture indexes had different degrees of significant difference(P<0.05). The dispersion degree of the analysis data of the texture indexes of each part was small; the chewiness-adhesion and chewiness-elasticity of each part of the tumorous stem had higher correlation; the regularity of correlation of each indexes was related to the sampling method, and the hardness and brittleness of the core part had higher correlation, however, the brittleness and hardness of the cortex part had low correlation. The brittleness value of the tumorous stem mustard was lower than that of the tumorous stem, while the hardness, elasticity, cohesion, chewiness and cohesion value were higher than that of the tumorous stem.
Texture is an important quality characteristic of tumorous stem mustard, which is closely related to the texture and processing technology of the raw material(tumorous stem in tumorous stem mustard) of the tumorous stem mustard. The texture of the tumorous stem and tumorous stem mustard was analyzed by using the texture profile analysis(TPA). The results showed that there was no significant difference in the elasticity, chewiness and cohesiveness between the head and the middle of the tumorous stem, and in the hardness and brittleness between the head and the tail(P>0.05).However, the other texture indexes had different degrees of significant difference(P<0.05). The dispersion degree of the analysis data of the texture indexes of each part was small; the chewiness-adhesion and chewiness-elasticity of each part of the tumorous stem had higher correlation; the regularity of correlation of each indexes was related to the sampling method, and the hardness and brittleness of the core part had higher correlation, however, the brittleness and hardness of the cortex part had low correlation. The brittleness value of the tumorous stem mustard was lower than that of the tumorous stem, while the hardness, elasticity, cohesion, chewiness and cohesion value were higher than that of the tumorous stem.
引文
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[21]孟艺玮,陈丽梅,张程.DPS分析玉米秸秆传热系数[J].农业与技术,2018,38(13):7-10,62.
[2]朱学栋,何晓蓉,杨霞,等.氮素营养对榨菜组培苗影响研究[J].湖北农业科学,2016,55(16):4298-4300.
[3]杨平,蒲启建,罗莉.榨菜高产栽培技术[J].长江蔬菜,2016(20):79-80.
[4]沈进娟,杨仕伟,刘雪姣,等.茎瘤芥(榨菜)抽薹性状相关SSR分子标记的筛选[J].西南农业学报,2017,30(1):188-192.
[5]李敏,贺云川.方便榨菜挥发性成分分析[J].食品科学,2011,32(8):272-274.
[6]管锋,杨连勇,姜守全,等.茎瘤芥育种与栽培研究进展[J].长江蔬菜,2009(22):5-9.
[7]张学海.永安小叶榨菜(茎瘤芥)[J].长江蔬菜,2014(11):13.
[8]何侍昌,李乾德,汤鹏.榨菜产业经济学研究[M].北京:中国经济出版社,2014:12-14.
[9]况小锁,陈发波.茎瘤芥(榨菜)种质资源研究进展[J].现代农业科技,2011(13):132-134,137.
[10]刘桐辛,陈静,王超,等.涪陵榨菜(茎瘤芥)半成品收购综合评价法[J].安徽农业科学,2014,42(10):3045-3049.
[11]李敏.榨菜风味研究进展[J].重庆工商大学学报(自然科学版),2006(5):481-483.
[12]吴祖芳,刘玲,翁佩芳.低盐腌制榨菜保脆工艺的优化研究[J].食品工业科技,2009(11):205-207.
[13]苏扬,张聪,黄文刚.榨菜加工新工艺的探讨[J].中国调味品,2011(4):118-120.
[14]中华人民共和国农业部.NY/T 2103-2011蔬菜抽样技术规范[S].北京:农业标准出版社,2011.
[15]孙钟雷,彭怡梅,张长平,等.三点弯曲法测定榨菜脆性[J].食品科技,2014,39(12):319-323.
[16]范新光,张长峰,郭风军,等.TPA测试在评价板栗质地特性方面的研究[J].食品科技,2013,38(5):280-284.
[17]胡亚云.质构仪在食品研究中的应用现状[J].食品研究与开发,2013,34(11):101-104.
[18]纪宗亚.质构仪及其在食品品质检测方面的应用[J].食品工程,2011(3):22-25.
[19]张昆明,张平,李志文,等.葡萄贮藏期间果肉质地参数变化规律的TPA表征[J].食品与生物技术学报,2011,30(3):353-358.
[20]李秀昌,韩曦英,孙健.利用DPS数据处理系统进行均匀试验设计与分析[J].中国卫生统计,2010,27(2):201,203.
[21]孟艺玮,陈丽梅,张程.DPS分析玉米秸秆传热系数[J].农业与技术,2018,38(13):7-10,62.