露天矿遗煤区地表CO_2通量变化规律测试分析
|
摘要
探索了通过采空区上部地表CO_2通量变化判定遗煤自燃状态的实验理论及方法,并根据地表和大气间的扩散原理,采用自主研发的土壤气体监测系统,对采空区上覆地表CO_2通量进行了连续测定。研究结果表明:采空区遗煤自燃对其上覆地表CO_2通量变化有较大影响;采空区年限及遗煤氧化自热程度影响地表CO_2通量的大小;自燃带地表CO_2通量明显大于窒息带。地表CO_2通量变化能反映采空区漏风量对遗煤自燃的影响;研究地表CO_2通量变化规律,能够帮助了解采空区遗煤自燃火区的发育方向、范围等相关问题。研究对废弃矿井采空区地表环境评估,废弃矿井采空区遗煤氧化自燃的危险性评估以及浅埋煤层氧化自燃发火进行程度的探测具有重要意义。
The experimental theory and method to judge the spontaneous combustion state of residual coal by measuring the change of CO_2 flux on the upper ground surface of goaf were explored,and according to the diffusion principles of the ground surface and the atmosphere,the CO_2 flux on the overlying ground surface of goaf was continuously measured by using the selfdeveloped soil gas monitoring system. The results showed that the spontaneous combustion of residual coal in the goaf had relatively large influence on the change of CO_2 flux on the overlying ground surface. The life of goaf and the degree of oxidation and self-heating of the residual coal would influence the amount of CO_2 flux on the ground surface,and the CO_2 flux on the ground surface in the spontaneous combustion zone was obviously larger than that in the suffocation zone. The change of CO_2 flux on the ground surface can reflect the influence of air leakage in goaf on the spontaneous combustion of residual coal. The study on the change laws of CO_2 flux on the ground surface is helpful to understand the development direction,range and other related problems of the spontaneous combustion area of the residual coal in goaf. This study has important significance for the ground surface environmental assessment of goaf,the risk assessment on the oxidation and spontaneous combustion of residual coal in goaf,and the detection on the degree of oxidation and spontaneous combustion in the shallow coal seam.
The experimental theory and method to judge the spontaneous combustion state of residual coal by measuring the change of CO_2 flux on the upper ground surface of goaf were explored,and according to the diffusion principles of the ground surface and the atmosphere,the CO_2 flux on the overlying ground surface of goaf was continuously measured by using the selfdeveloped soil gas monitoring system. The results showed that the spontaneous combustion of residual coal in the goaf had relatively large influence on the change of CO_2 flux on the overlying ground surface. The life of goaf and the degree of oxidation and self-heating of the residual coal would influence the amount of CO_2 flux on the ground surface,and the CO_2 flux on the ground surface in the spontaneous combustion zone was obviously larger than that in the suffocation zone. The change of CO_2 flux on the ground surface can reflect the influence of air leakage in goaf on the spontaneous combustion of residual coal. The study on the change laws of CO_2 flux on the ground surface is helpful to understand the development direction,range and other related problems of the spontaneous combustion area of the residual coal in goaf. This study has important significance for the ground surface environmental assessment of goaf,the risk assessment on the oxidation and spontaneous combustion of residual coal in goaf,and the detection on the degree of oxidation and spontaneous combustion in the shallow coal seam.
引文
[1]刘明,李树志.废弃煤矿资源再利用及生态修复现状问题及对策探讨[J].矿山测量,2016,44(3):70-72.LIU Ming,Li Shuzhi.Problems and countermeasures of reutilization and ecological restoration of abandoned coal mine resources[J].Mine Surveying,2016,44(3):70-72.
[2]邓军,李贝,李珍宝,等.预报煤自燃的气体指标优选试验研究[J].煤炭科学技术,2014,42(1):55-59.DENG Jun,LI Bei,LI Zhenbao,et al.Experimental study on optimization of gas indexes for predicting spontaneous combustion of coal[J].Coal Science and Technology,2014,42(1):55-59.
[3]文虎,吴慷,马砺,等.分布式光纤测温系统在采空区煤自燃监测中的应用[J].煤矿安全,2014,45(5):100-102.WEN Hu,WU Kang,MA Li,et al.Application of distributed optical fiber temperature measurement system in monitoring spontaneous combustion of coal in goaf.[J].Coal Mine Safety,2014,45(5):100-102.
[4]邬剑明,张钰斐,牛立东.电法勘探在废弃小煤窑自燃火源位置探测中的应用[J].中国煤炭,2010,36(11):84-85.WU Jianming,ZHANG Yufei,NIU Lidong.Application of electrical prospecting in location detection of spontaneous combustion sources of abandoned small coal mines[J].China Coal,2010,36(11):84-85.
[5]罗海珠,梁运涛.煤自然发火预测预报技术的现状与展望[J].中国安全科学学报,2003,13(3):76-78.LUO Haizhu,LIANG Yuntao.Current status and perspective of forecast and prediction techniques for spontaneous combustion of coal[J].China Safety Science Journal,2003,13(30):76-78.
[6]邓存宝,王继仁,张俭,等.煤自燃生成乙烯反应机理[J].煤炭学报,2008,33(3):299-303.DENG Cunbao,WANG Jiren,ZHANG Jian,et al.Mechanism of ethylene reaction to spontaneous combustion of coal[J].Journal of coal,2008,33(3):299-303.
[7]于水军,余明高,潘荣锟,等.煤升温氧化过程中气体解析规律研究[J].河南理工大学学报(自然科学版),2008,27(5):497-502.YU Shuijun,YU Minggao,PAN Rongkun,et al.Study on the law of gas releasing in the process of coal oxidation and warming-up[J].Journal of Henan Polytechnic University(Natural Science Edition),2008,27(5):497-502.
[8]谭波,胡瑞丽,高鹏,等.煤自燃灾害气体指标的阶段特征试验研究[J].中国安全科学学报,2013,23(2):51-57.TAN Bo,HU Ruili,GAO Peng,et al.Temperature-programmed experimental study on stage characteristics of coal spontaneous combustion disaster gas indicators[J].China Safety Science Journal,2013,23(2):51-57.
[9]秦汝祥,庞文华,陶远.TG实验条件对煤氧化燃烧特性的影响分析[J].中国安全生产科学技术,2014,10(5):154-158.QIN Ruxiang,PANG Wenhua,TAO Yuan.Effect of TG experimental conditions on the oxidative combustion characteristics of coal[J].Journal of Safety Science and Technology,2014,10(5):154-158.
[10]王永军,张晓明,张河猛,等.堆积状态下低品质煤临界自燃着火点测定与研究[J].中国安全生产科学技术,2017,13(5):10-15.WANG Yongjun,ZHANG Xiaoming,ZHANG Hemeng,et al.Determination and study of the critical spontaneous combustion ignition point of low quality coal under accumulation state[J].Journal of Safety Science and Technology,2017,13(5):10-15.
[11]陈琛.煤自燃过程中温室气体排放的量化实验研究[D].北京:中国矿业大学(北京),2016.
[12]栾军伟,向成华,骆宗诗,等.森林土壤呼吸研究进展[J].应用生态学报,2006,17(12):2451-2456.LUAN Junwei,XIANG Chenghua,LUO Zongshi,et al.Research progress of forest soil respiration[J].Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology,2006,17(12):2451-2456.
[13]梁福源,宋林华,王静.土壤CO2浓度昼夜变化及其对土壤CO2排放量的影响[J].地理科学进展,2003,22(2):170-176.LIANG Fuyuan,SONG Linhua,WANG Jing.Diurnal variation of soil CO2concentration and its relationship with soil CO2flux[J].Progress in Geography,2003,22(2):170-176.
[14]齐玉春,董云社,刘纪远,等.内蒙古半干旱草原CO2排放通量日变化特征及环境因子的贡献[J].中国科学,2005,35(6):493-501.QI Yuchun,DONG Yunshe,LIU Jiyuan,et al.Diurnal variations of CO2emissions from the semi-arid grassland of Inner Mongolia and the contribution of environmental factors[J].Chinese Science,2005,35(6):493-501.
[15]韩光,崔铁军,马云东,等.煤层自燃所致上覆露天矿复杂边坡破坏过程模拟与现象研究[J].应用力学学报,2016,33(3):535-540.HAN Guang,CUI Tiejun,MA Yundong,et al.Simulation and phenomenon study on the failure process of complex slope in overlying Opencast mine caused by spontaneous combustion of coal seam[J].Chinese Journal of Applied Mechanics,2016,33(3):535-540.
[2]邓军,李贝,李珍宝,等.预报煤自燃的气体指标优选试验研究[J].煤炭科学技术,2014,42(1):55-59.DENG Jun,LI Bei,LI Zhenbao,et al.Experimental study on optimization of gas indexes for predicting spontaneous combustion of coal[J].Coal Science and Technology,2014,42(1):55-59.
[3]文虎,吴慷,马砺,等.分布式光纤测温系统在采空区煤自燃监测中的应用[J].煤矿安全,2014,45(5):100-102.WEN Hu,WU Kang,MA Li,et al.Application of distributed optical fiber temperature measurement system in monitoring spontaneous combustion of coal in goaf.[J].Coal Mine Safety,2014,45(5):100-102.
[4]邬剑明,张钰斐,牛立东.电法勘探在废弃小煤窑自燃火源位置探测中的应用[J].中国煤炭,2010,36(11):84-85.WU Jianming,ZHANG Yufei,NIU Lidong.Application of electrical prospecting in location detection of spontaneous combustion sources of abandoned small coal mines[J].China Coal,2010,36(11):84-85.
[5]罗海珠,梁运涛.煤自然发火预测预报技术的现状与展望[J].中国安全科学学报,2003,13(3):76-78.LUO Haizhu,LIANG Yuntao.Current status and perspective of forecast and prediction techniques for spontaneous combustion of coal[J].China Safety Science Journal,2003,13(30):76-78.
[6]邓存宝,王继仁,张俭,等.煤自燃生成乙烯反应机理[J].煤炭学报,2008,33(3):299-303.DENG Cunbao,WANG Jiren,ZHANG Jian,et al.Mechanism of ethylene reaction to spontaneous combustion of coal[J].Journal of coal,2008,33(3):299-303.
[7]于水军,余明高,潘荣锟,等.煤升温氧化过程中气体解析规律研究[J].河南理工大学学报(自然科学版),2008,27(5):497-502.YU Shuijun,YU Minggao,PAN Rongkun,et al.Study on the law of gas releasing in the process of coal oxidation and warming-up[J].Journal of Henan Polytechnic University(Natural Science Edition),2008,27(5):497-502.
[8]谭波,胡瑞丽,高鹏,等.煤自燃灾害气体指标的阶段特征试验研究[J].中国安全科学学报,2013,23(2):51-57.TAN Bo,HU Ruili,GAO Peng,et al.Temperature-programmed experimental study on stage characteristics of coal spontaneous combustion disaster gas indicators[J].China Safety Science Journal,2013,23(2):51-57.
[9]秦汝祥,庞文华,陶远.TG实验条件对煤氧化燃烧特性的影响分析[J].中国安全生产科学技术,2014,10(5):154-158.QIN Ruxiang,PANG Wenhua,TAO Yuan.Effect of TG experimental conditions on the oxidative combustion characteristics of coal[J].Journal of Safety Science and Technology,2014,10(5):154-158.
[10]王永军,张晓明,张河猛,等.堆积状态下低品质煤临界自燃着火点测定与研究[J].中国安全生产科学技术,2017,13(5):10-15.WANG Yongjun,ZHANG Xiaoming,ZHANG Hemeng,et al.Determination and study of the critical spontaneous combustion ignition point of low quality coal under accumulation state[J].Journal of Safety Science and Technology,2017,13(5):10-15.
[11]陈琛.煤自燃过程中温室气体排放的量化实验研究[D].北京:中国矿业大学(北京),2016.
[12]栾军伟,向成华,骆宗诗,等.森林土壤呼吸研究进展[J].应用生态学报,2006,17(12):2451-2456.LUAN Junwei,XIANG Chenghua,LUO Zongshi,et al.Research progress of forest soil respiration[J].Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology,2006,17(12):2451-2456.
[13]梁福源,宋林华,王静.土壤CO2浓度昼夜变化及其对土壤CO2排放量的影响[J].地理科学进展,2003,22(2):170-176.LIANG Fuyuan,SONG Linhua,WANG Jing.Diurnal variation of soil CO2concentration and its relationship with soil CO2flux[J].Progress in Geography,2003,22(2):170-176.
[14]齐玉春,董云社,刘纪远,等.内蒙古半干旱草原CO2排放通量日变化特征及环境因子的贡献[J].中国科学,2005,35(6):493-501.QI Yuchun,DONG Yunshe,LIU Jiyuan,et al.Diurnal variations of CO2emissions from the semi-arid grassland of Inner Mongolia and the contribution of environmental factors[J].Chinese Science,2005,35(6):493-501.
[15]韩光,崔铁军,马云东,等.煤层自燃所致上覆露天矿复杂边坡破坏过程模拟与现象研究[J].应用力学学报,2016,33(3):535-540.HAN Guang,CUI Tiejun,MA Yundong,et al.Simulation and phenomenon study on the failure process of complex slope in overlying Opencast mine caused by spontaneous combustion of coal seam[J].Chinese Journal of Applied Mechanics,2016,33(3):535-540.