垦利A油田沙三上段近源辫状河三角洲沉积特征
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摘要
为了搞清渤海湾盆地莱州湾凹陷古近系沙三上段沉积特征及展布规律,应用岩心、粒度、薄片统计、录井、地震等资料,总结层序格架下的沉积相类型和展布特征。结果表明:垦利A油田发育近源辫状河三角洲沉积体系,识别出辫状河三角洲平原、辫状河三角洲前缘和前辫状河三角洲3种亚相,并进一步划分出辫状河道、冲积平原、水下分流河道、水下分流河道间、河口坝及席状砂等6种沉积微相;应用层序地层学,将沙三上段划分为1套三级层序,低水位体系域(LST)以水下分流河道厚层砂岩为主,水进体系域(TST)和高水位体系域(HST)以薄层砂岩为主。不同体系域砂岩厚度及展布规模,受控于湖平面升降及沉积物供给速率。该认识可为断陷湖盆斜坡带的砂岩储层评价提供依据。
In order to reveal the sedimentary characteristics and distribution regularity of the upper third member of Paleogene Shahejie Formation in Laizhou Bay Sag,Bohai Bay Basin,the sedimentary facies types and distribution characteristics under sequence framework were summarized by using core,grain size,casting thin section,mud logging and seismic data. The results show that a typical near-source braided river delta sedimentary system developed in Kenli A oilfield. Three kinds of subfacies were recognized,including braided river delta plain,braided river delta front and pro-braided river delta,which can be further divided into the following six sedimentary microfacies:braided channel,alluvial plain,underwater distributary channel,underwater distributary interchannel,mouth bar and sheet sand. By using sequence stratigraphy,the upper member of Sha 3 was divided into a set of third-order sequence. The lowstand systems tract (LST)was dominated by thick sandstone in underwater distributary channel,while the transgressive systems tract (TST)and highstand systems tract (HST)were dominated by thin sandstone. Sandstone thickness and distribution scale in different systems tracts were controlled by lake level fluctuation and sediment supply rate. This rule can provide a reference for the evaluation of sandstone reservoir in the gentle-slope zone of faulted lacustrine basin.
In order to reveal the sedimentary characteristics and distribution regularity of the upper third member of Paleogene Shahejie Formation in Laizhou Bay Sag,Bohai Bay Basin,the sedimentary facies types and distribution characteristics under sequence framework were summarized by using core,grain size,casting thin section,mud logging and seismic data. The results show that a typical near-source braided river delta sedimentary system developed in Kenli A oilfield. Three kinds of subfacies were recognized,including braided river delta plain,braided river delta front and pro-braided river delta,which can be further divided into the following six sedimentary microfacies:braided channel,alluvial plain,underwater distributary channel,underwater distributary interchannel,mouth bar and sheet sand. By using sequence stratigraphy,the upper member of Sha 3 was divided into a set of third-order sequence. The lowstand systems tract (LST)was dominated by thick sandstone in underwater distributary channel,while the transgressive systems tract (TST)and highstand systems tract (HST)were dominated by thin sandstone. Sandstone thickness and distribution scale in different systems tracts were controlled by lake level fluctuation and sediment supply rate. This rule can provide a reference for the evaluation of sandstone reservoir in the gentle-slope zone of faulted lacustrine basin.
引文
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[13]万桂梅,周东红,汤良杰.渤海海域郯庐断裂带对油气成藏的控制作用.石油与天然气地质,2009,30(4):450-454.WAN G M,ZHOU D H,TANG L J.Control of the Tan-Lu fault zone on hydrocarbon accumulation in the Bohai Sea waters.Oil&Gas Geology,2009,30(4):450-454.
[14]王伟,吴奎,何京,等.锦州25-1油田优质储层地震响应特征与定量预测.岩性油气藏,2018,30(3):100-111.WANG W,WU K,HE J,et al.Seismic response characteristics and quantitative prediction of high quality reservoirs in Jinzhou25-1 oilfield.Lithologic Reservoirs,2018,30(3):100-111.
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[16]朱茂,朱筱敏,曾洪流,等.冀中坳陷饶阳凹陷浅水曲流河三角洲沉积体系:以赵皇庄-肃宁地区沙一段为例.岩性油气藏,2017,29(2):59-67.ZHU M,ZHU X M,ZENG H L,et al.Depositional system of shallow-water meandering river delta:a case from the first member of Shahejie Formation in Zhaohuangzhuang-Suning area of Raoyang Sag,Jizhong Depression.Lithologic Reservoirs,2017,29(2):59-67.
[17]吴吉元,冯琳,刘树平,等.鄂尔多斯盆地宜君地区长3油层组沉积体系及砂体展布.石油实验地质,2015,37(5):575-581.WU J Y,FENG L,LIU S P,et al.Depositional system and sand body distribution in the third member of the Yanchang Formation in the Yijun area in the southern Ordos Basin.Petroleum Geology and Experiment,2015,37(5):575-581.
[18]杨帆,曹正林,卫延召.玛湖地区三叠系克拉玛依组浅水辫状河三角洲沉积特征.岩性油气藏,2019,31(1):30-39.YANG F,CAO Z L,WEI Y Z.Sedimentary characteristics of shallow-water braided delta of Karamay Formation in Mahu area.Lithologic Reservoirs,2019,31(1):30-39.
[19]冯有良,胡素云,李建忠,等.准噶尔盆地西北缘同沉积构造坡折对层序建造和岩性油气藏富集带的控制.岩性油气藏,2018,30(4):14-25.FENG Y L,HU S Y,LI J Z,et al.Controls of syndepositional structural slope-break zones on sequence architecture and enrichment zones of lithologic reservoirs in northwestern margin of Junggar Basin.Lithologic Reservoirs,2018,30(4):14-25.
[20]李文静,王英民,何敏,等.珠江口盆地中中新世陆架边缘三角洲的类型及控制因素.岩性油气藏,2018,30(2):58-66.LI W J,WANG Y M,HE M,et al.Types and controlling factors of shelf margin delta of Middle Miocene in Pearl River Mouth Basin.Lithologic Reservoirs,2018,30(2):58-66.
[21]赵汉卿,张建民,李栓豹,等.长周期基准面下降半旋回内浅水三角洲沉积演化规律及其在开发中的应用:以渤海A油田明下段为例.海洋地质与第四纪地质,2018,38(5):71-79.ZHAO H Q,ZHANG J M,LI S B,et al.Sedimentary evolution of shallow-water delta in a long-term base-level cycle decreasing semi-cycle and the application in development:Taking A oilfield,Baohai as example.Marine Geology and Quaternary Geology,2018,38(5):71-79.
[22]刘招君,董清水,王嗣敏,等.陆相层序地层学导论与应用.北京:石油工业出版社,2002:1-87.LIU Z J,DONG Q S,WANG S M,et al.Introduction to continental sequence stratigraphy and application.Beijing:Petroleum Industry Press,2002:1-87.
[23]张坦,张昌民,瞿建华,等.准噶尔盆地玛湖凹陷百口泉组相对湖平面升降规律研究.沉积学报,2018,36(4):684-694.ZHANG T,ZHANG C M,QU J H,et al.A research on relative lacustrine level changes of the Lower Triassic Baikouquan Formation in Mahu Sag of Junggar Basin.Acta Sedimentologica Sinica,2018,36(4):684-694.
[2]王亮,牛成民,杨波,等.莱州湾凹陷沙三段含油气系统与有利勘探方向.断块油气田,2011,18(5):545-548.WANG L,NIU C M,YANG B,et al.Petroleum system and favorable exploration targets of the third member of Shahejie Formation in Laizhouwan Depression.Fault-Block Oil&Gas Field,2011,18(5):545-548.
[3]蔡东升,罗毓晖,姚长华.渤海莱州湾走滑拉分凹陷的构造研究及其石油勘探意义.石油学报,2001,22(2):19-25.CAI D S,LUO Y H,YAO C H.Strike-slip and pull-part structure study and its significance to petroleum exploration on Laizhouwan Sag Bohai area.Acta Petrolei Sinica,2001,22(2):19-25.
[4]孙和风,周心怀,彭文绪,等.莱州湾凹陷东部走滑带盐相关构造特征.地球科学与环境学报,2008,30(4):380-384.SUN H F,ZHOU X H,PENG W X,et al.Characteristics of salt-related structures in the eastern strike-slip zone of Laizhou Bay Sag.Journal of Earth Sciences and Environment,2008,30(4):380-384.
[5]赵汉卿,陈存良,陈晓明,等.垦利10-4油田沙三上段成岩作用与油气充注耦合关系.断块油气田,2018,25(4):435-439.ZHAO H Q,CHEN C L,CHEN X M,et al.Coupling relationship between diagenesis and hydrocarbon charging in the upper3rd member of Eogene Shahejie Formation of the Kenli 10-4 Oilfield.Fault-Block Oil&Gas Field,2018,25(4):435-439.
[6]彭文绪,辛仁臣,孙和风,等.渤海海域莱州湾凹陷的形成和演化.石油学报,2009,30(5):654-660.PENG W X,XIN R C,SUN H F,et al.Formation and evolution of Laizhouwan Sag in Bohai Bay.Acta Petrolei Sinica,2009,30(5):654-660.
[7]李志华,黄文辉.辫状河三角洲岩相特征及沉积模式:以鄂尔多斯盆地苏南地区盒8段为例.岩性油气藏,2017,29(1):43-50.LI Z H,HUANG W H.Lithofacies characteristics and sedimentary model of braided delta:a case study of He 8 member in the southern Sulige,Ordos Basin.Lithologic Reservoirs,2017,29(1):43-50.
[8]王玥,郭彦如,张延玲,等.鄂尔多斯盆地东北部山西组层序格架下的砂体成因类型、构型及分布.岩性油气藏,2018,30(3):80-91.WANG Y,GUO Y R,ZHANG Y L,et al.Genetic types,configurations and distribution of sand bodies of Shanxi Formation in northeastern Ordos Basin.Lithologic Reservoirs,2018,30(3):80-91.
[9]崔连可,单敬福,李浮萍,等.基于稀疏井网条件下的古辫状河道心滩砂体估算:以苏里格气田苏X区块为例.岩性油气藏,2018,30(1):155-164.CUI L K,SHAN J F,LI F P,et al.Estimating method of braided channel bar under sparse well net:a case from Su X block in Sulige Gas Field.Lithologic Reservoirs,2018,30(1):155-164.
[10]吴时国,余朝华,邹东波,等.莱州湾地区郯庐断裂带的构造特征及其新生代演化.海洋地质与第四纪地质,2006,26(6):101-110.WU S G,YU Z H,ZOU D B,et al.Structural features and Cenozoic evolution of the Tanlu fault zone in the Laizhou Bay,Bohai Sea.Marine Geology&Quaternary Geology,2006,26(6):101-110.
[11]赵汉卿,张建民,李栓豹,等.渤海湾盆地A油田新近系明下段沉积特征及演化模式.吉林大学学报(地球科学版),2017,47(4):1021-1029.ZHAO H Q,ZHANG J M,LI S B,et al.Sedimentary characteristics and evolution models of lower part of Minghuazhen Formation in Neogene system at A Oilfield,Bohai Bay Basin.Journal of Jilin University(Earth Science Edition),2017,47(4):1021-1029.
[12]MA B B,KENNETH A E,CAO Y C,et al.Fluid flow and related diagenetic processes in a rift basin:Evidence from the fourth member of the Eocene Shahejie Formation interval,Dongying Depression,Bohai Bay Basin,China.AAPG Bulletin,2016,100(11):1633-1662.
[13]万桂梅,周东红,汤良杰.渤海海域郯庐断裂带对油气成藏的控制作用.石油与天然气地质,2009,30(4):450-454.WAN G M,ZHOU D H,TANG L J.Control of the Tan-Lu fault zone on hydrocarbon accumulation in the Bohai Sea waters.Oil&Gas Geology,2009,30(4):450-454.
[14]王伟,吴奎,何京,等.锦州25-1油田优质储层地震响应特征与定量预测.岩性油气藏,2018,30(3):100-111.WANG W,WU K,HE J,et al.Seismic response characteristics and quantitative prediction of high quality reservoirs in Jinzhou25-1 oilfield.Lithologic Reservoirs,2018,30(3):100-111.
[15]刘畅,何辉,王友净,等.柴达木盆地昆北油田切6区古近系辫状河三角洲沉积特征与砂体叠置模式.西安石油大学学报(自然科学版),2018,33(5):25-33.LIU C,HE H,WANG Y J,et al.Sedimentary characteristics and sand-body superposition patterns of Paleogene braided river delta in Q6 block of Kunbei Oilfield,Qaidam Basin.Journal of Xi'an Shiyou University(Natural Science),2018,33(5):25-33.
[16]朱茂,朱筱敏,曾洪流,等.冀中坳陷饶阳凹陷浅水曲流河三角洲沉积体系:以赵皇庄-肃宁地区沙一段为例.岩性油气藏,2017,29(2):59-67.ZHU M,ZHU X M,ZENG H L,et al.Depositional system of shallow-water meandering river delta:a case from the first member of Shahejie Formation in Zhaohuangzhuang-Suning area of Raoyang Sag,Jizhong Depression.Lithologic Reservoirs,2017,29(2):59-67.
[17]吴吉元,冯琳,刘树平,等.鄂尔多斯盆地宜君地区长3油层组沉积体系及砂体展布.石油实验地质,2015,37(5):575-581.WU J Y,FENG L,LIU S P,et al.Depositional system and sand body distribution in the third member of the Yanchang Formation in the Yijun area in the southern Ordos Basin.Petroleum Geology and Experiment,2015,37(5):575-581.
[18]杨帆,曹正林,卫延召.玛湖地区三叠系克拉玛依组浅水辫状河三角洲沉积特征.岩性油气藏,2019,31(1):30-39.YANG F,CAO Z L,WEI Y Z.Sedimentary characteristics of shallow-water braided delta of Karamay Formation in Mahu area.Lithologic Reservoirs,2019,31(1):30-39.
[19]冯有良,胡素云,李建忠,等.准噶尔盆地西北缘同沉积构造坡折对层序建造和岩性油气藏富集带的控制.岩性油气藏,2018,30(4):14-25.FENG Y L,HU S Y,LI J Z,et al.Controls of syndepositional structural slope-break zones on sequence architecture and enrichment zones of lithologic reservoirs in northwestern margin of Junggar Basin.Lithologic Reservoirs,2018,30(4):14-25.
[20]李文静,王英民,何敏,等.珠江口盆地中中新世陆架边缘三角洲的类型及控制因素.岩性油气藏,2018,30(2):58-66.LI W J,WANG Y M,HE M,et al.Types and controlling factors of shelf margin delta of Middle Miocene in Pearl River Mouth Basin.Lithologic Reservoirs,2018,30(2):58-66.
[21]赵汉卿,张建民,李栓豹,等.长周期基准面下降半旋回内浅水三角洲沉积演化规律及其在开发中的应用:以渤海A油田明下段为例.海洋地质与第四纪地质,2018,38(5):71-79.ZHAO H Q,ZHANG J M,LI S B,et al.Sedimentary evolution of shallow-water delta in a long-term base-level cycle decreasing semi-cycle and the application in development:Taking A oilfield,Baohai as example.Marine Geology and Quaternary Geology,2018,38(5):71-79.
[22]刘招君,董清水,王嗣敏,等.陆相层序地层学导论与应用.北京:石油工业出版社,2002:1-87.LIU Z J,DONG Q S,WANG S M,et al.Introduction to continental sequence stratigraphy and application.Beijing:Petroleum Industry Press,2002:1-87.
[23]张坦,张昌民,瞿建华,等.准噶尔盆地玛湖凹陷百口泉组相对湖平面升降规律研究.沉积学报,2018,36(4):684-694.ZHANG T,ZHANG C M,QU J H,et al.A research on relative lacustrine level changes of the Lower Triassic Baikouquan Formation in Mahu Sag of Junggar Basin.Acta Sedimentologica Sinica,2018,36(4):684-694.