滴灌条件下水肥耦合对酿酒葡萄生长发育及果实品质的影响
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摘要
为确定适合酿酒葡萄滴灌施肥的水肥组合及进一步认识葡萄水肥配比关系,并为指导水肥管理实践提供理论依据,以酿酒葡萄‘马瑟兰’为材料,开展田间小区水肥试验,分别设置4个滴灌量和施肥水平,研究不同滴灌条件下各水肥处理对酿酒葡萄生长发育及品质的影响。结果表明,滴灌施肥条件下,水、肥调控对酿酒葡萄新梢生长、果实形态及品质、酚类物质含量影响显著,而对果皮色泽参数无显著影响;在一定范围内,随水肥用量的增加,葡萄生长及品质指标呈先升高后降低的趋势。表明合理的水肥管理不但可以促进葡萄新稍生长,还有利于果实品质改善。由此可见,滴灌量2 700 m~3·hm~(-2)、施肥量N-P_2O_5-K2O=160-120-210kg·hm~(-2)处理能促进酿酒葡萄新梢生长,单粒质量和果实纵横径表现较突出,同时能明显提高果实可溶性固形物、还原糖及果皮中酚类物质质量分数,是基于试验条件下酿酒葡萄生长、品质调控的较适宜水肥组合。
In order to understand and provide the basic theory for the effects of different water and fertilization combination on growth and quality of wine grape under drip irrigation,the renowned wine grape‘Marselan'as the material,we conducted the field experiment with the four different dose applications of water and fertilizer treatments,which aimed to elucidate the optimal combination of water and fertilization for proper wine grape development.The results showed that the proper irrigation and fertilization could significantly affect shoot growth,fruit size index and phenolic compounds,but had no influence on color parameter;furthermore,under certain conditions,the growing development and quality of wine grape increased firstly and decreased later with the increment of fertilization.Thus,proper irrigation and fertilization could improve shoot growth and fruit quality,either too much or too little will reduce the quality of wine grape.All the results indicated that the 2 700 m~3·hm~(-2) water and N-P2 O5-K2 O=160-120-210 kg·hm~(-2) fertilizer combining application could significantly promote the shoot growth with highly fresh weight and large length and transverse diameter of grape berries,meanwhile this treatment could also improve the total mass fraction of soluble solid,reduce sugar and the phenolic compounds,which the optimal communication of irrigation and fertilization could affect the growth,development and quality of wine grape.
In order to understand and provide the basic theory for the effects of different water and fertilization combination on growth and quality of wine grape under drip irrigation,the renowned wine grape‘Marselan'as the material,we conducted the field experiment with the four different dose applications of water and fertilizer treatments,which aimed to elucidate the optimal combination of water and fertilization for proper wine grape development.The results showed that the proper irrigation and fertilization could significantly affect shoot growth,fruit size index and phenolic compounds,but had no influence on color parameter;furthermore,under certain conditions,the growing development and quality of wine grape increased firstly and decreased later with the increment of fertilization.Thus,proper irrigation and fertilization could improve shoot growth and fruit quality,either too much or too little will reduce the quality of wine grape.All the results indicated that the 2 700 m~3·hm~(-2) water and N-P2 O5-K2 O=160-120-210 kg·hm~(-2) fertilizer combining application could significantly promote the shoot growth with highly fresh weight and large length and transverse diameter of grape berries,meanwhile this treatment could also improve the total mass fraction of soluble solid,reduce sugar and the phenolic compounds,which the optimal communication of irrigation and fertilization could affect the growth,development and quality of wine grape.
引文
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