福建白垩系沙县组地层磁学特征及其环境意义
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摘要
广泛分布于中国南方的白垩系巨厚地层被认为是河湖相沉积,蕴含着丰富的古气候古环境变化的信息。白垩纪是典型的温室时期,其气候特征可以为当代和未来温室气候研究提供重要借鉴。对位于中国东南的福建省三明市沙县和永安地区的白垩系沙县组典型地层进行了系统的环境磁学参数测量,结合漫反射光谱(DRS)和色度指标,探讨了该地层磁学特征及其环境指示意义和红色的成因。结果表明:1)红色调和黄色调地层的主要磁性矿物分别为赤铁矿和针铁矿,均含有顺磁性矿物和极少量的亚铁磁性矿物;2)相对于粗粒的砂岩,细粒的粉砂岩赤铁矿含量较高;3)红色赤铁矿与黄色针铁矿均形成于成岩阶段之前,具体形成阶段与形成原因需要具体分析;4)红色调地层的赤铁矿指示高温的气候环境;黄色调地层的针铁矿指示局部的湿润环境。磁学参数变化的具体环境指示意义需要进一步研究。
The giant thick Cretaceous stratum that is widely distributed in Southern China is regarded as fluvio-lacustrine sediment and contains a wealth of information about paleoclimate and paleoenvironmental change. The climate during the Cretaceous period represents one of the "greenhouse states" of Earth's history. Study of Cretaceous climate change can inform current and further greenhouse climate research. This paper reports a preliminary study on the magnetic properties of three Cretaceous Shaxian Formation sections located in Shaxian and Yong'an, Sanming city, Fujian Province. Rock magnetic parameters(including magnetic susceptibility, frequency-dependent magnetic susceptibility, remnant magnetization, hystersis loop, and temperature-dependent magnetization), the diffuse reflectance spectrum(DRS), and chroma parameters(lightness L~*, redness a~*, yellowness b~*) were measured and analyzed to discuss the variations in magnetic properties, their environmental significance, and the origin of red pigments. The results show that: 1) The main magnetic minerals of the red and yellow beds are hematite and goethite, respectively. Both contain paramagnetic minerals and a few ferromagnetic minerals. The content of these weakly magnetic minerals is low, so the numerical value of the magnetic susceptibility is low. 2) The hematite content in the siltstone is higher than in the sandstone. 3) The redness and yellowness are controlled by the hematite and goethite content, respectively. Hematite and goethite were formed before the diagenetic stage. The details about the formation stage need further study. Hematite was mainly formed in the provenance area and can carry the detrital remnant magnetization, which is important to the magnetostratigraphy. 4) Red bed hematite suggests hot weather, and yellow bed goethite suggests local wet conditions. Because the magnetic properties were controlled by many factors, further research is needed to determine the environmental significance of the magnetic parameters.
The giant thick Cretaceous stratum that is widely distributed in Southern China is regarded as fluvio-lacustrine sediment and contains a wealth of information about paleoclimate and paleoenvironmental change. The climate during the Cretaceous period represents one of the "greenhouse states" of Earth's history. Study of Cretaceous climate change can inform current and further greenhouse climate research. This paper reports a preliminary study on the magnetic properties of three Cretaceous Shaxian Formation sections located in Shaxian and Yong'an, Sanming city, Fujian Province. Rock magnetic parameters(including magnetic susceptibility, frequency-dependent magnetic susceptibility, remnant magnetization, hystersis loop, and temperature-dependent magnetization), the diffuse reflectance spectrum(DRS), and chroma parameters(lightness L~*, redness a~*, yellowness b~*) were measured and analyzed to discuss the variations in magnetic properties, their environmental significance, and the origin of red pigments. The results show that: 1) The main magnetic minerals of the red and yellow beds are hematite and goethite, respectively. Both contain paramagnetic minerals and a few ferromagnetic minerals. The content of these weakly magnetic minerals is low, so the numerical value of the magnetic susceptibility is low. 2) The hematite content in the siltstone is higher than in the sandstone. 3) The redness and yellowness are controlled by the hematite and goethite content, respectively. Hematite and goethite were formed before the diagenetic stage. The details about the formation stage need further study. Hematite was mainly formed in the provenance area and can carry the detrital remnant magnetization, which is important to the magnetostratigraphy. 4) Red bed hematite suggests hot weather, and yellow bed goethite suggests local wet conditions. Because the magnetic properties were controlled by many factors, further research is needed to determine the environmental significance of the magnetic parameters.
引文
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