基于能量法的船用气囊爆炸模型及破坏研究
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摘要
针对船舶上排下水橡胶气囊的爆炸问题,建立分析计算模型,将爆炸能量分为储存的内能和囊体变形产生的变形能。采用TNT当量模型,利用"虚拟距离"计算冲击波超压强度,并从爆炸冲击波影响的超压特点和囊体多种爆炸破坏方式2方面定量评估爆炸的危害性。通过改进气囊的结构形式来避免不利爆炸破坏形式的产生,界定爆炸的安全空间,为船用气囊的设计计算及工程施工安全评估提供分析方法。
A calculation model is established to solve the explosion problem of marine airbag during ship landing and launching. It divides the explosion energy into two sorts-the energy stored internally and the deformation energy due to the deformation of air sac. Based on the TNT equivalent model, the overpressure of shockwave is calculated according to"virtual distance" to evaluate the harmfulness of the explosion from two aspects, i.e., the overpressure characteristics of the shock wave and the explosion damage type of the sac. Thus adverse explosion damages can be avoided by improving the sac structure, and the safe space of explosion could be defined. This study provides an analysis method for the design calculation and an evaluation for safe construction of marine airbags.
A calculation model is established to solve the explosion problem of marine airbag during ship landing and launching. It divides the explosion energy into two sorts-the energy stored internally and the deformation energy due to the deformation of air sac. Based on the TNT equivalent model, the overpressure of shockwave is calculated according to"virtual distance" to evaluate the harmfulness of the explosion from two aspects, i.e., the overpressure characteristics of the shock wave and the explosion damage type of the sac. Thus adverse explosion damages can be avoided by improving the sac structure, and the safe space of explosion could be defined. This study provides an analysis method for the design calculation and an evaluation for safe construction of marine airbags.
引文
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[4]陈汝训.纤维缠绕压力容器爆破压强计算[J].宇航材料工艺,2000,30(6):28-31.
[5]张卫强,焦强,崔锋.压力容器爆炸伤害事故后果分析及评价[J].科技信息,2009(15):493.
[2]李铮.空气冲击波作用下人的安全距离[J].爆破与冲击,1990,10(2):135-144.
[3]刘鹏,王志全,贺红霞.二氧化碳储罐物理爆炸能量及波及半径的定量评价[J].天然气化工,2004,29(3):76-77.
[4]陈汝训.纤维缠绕压力容器爆破压强计算[J].宇航材料工艺,2000,30(6):28-31.
[5]张卫强,焦强,崔锋.压力容器爆炸伤害事故后果分析及评价[J].科技信息,2009(15):493.