塔克拉玛干沙漠南缘荒漠绿洲过渡带不同土地利用影响下优势植物化学计量特征
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摘要
荒漠绿洲过渡带天然植被对于绿洲生态环境的维护具有非常重要的意义。土地利用等绿洲化的人类活动如何影响天然植被对于评估过渡带的植被结构和功能非常重要。生态化学计量学在限制性营养判断和评估生态系统稳定性上得到了广泛利用。以塔克拉玛干沙漠南缘典型植物多枝柽柳、疏叶骆驼刺和花花柴为研究对象,研究不同土地利用方式和强度对植物碳(C)、氮(N)、磷(P)、C∶N、C∶P和N∶P的影响。研究表明,3种植物的C、N、P、C∶N、C∶P和N∶P平均值分别为385.94mg·g~(-1)、13.62mg·g~(-1)、1.49mg·g~(-1)、30.33、294.01和9.69。与干旱区以及全球其他群落类型相比,植物C和P处于中间水平,而N则普遍低于其他区域。土壤的利用方式、强度以及二者的交互作用能够显著影响大部分指标。过渡带不同利用方式外围荒漠样点C、N、P及其比值差异较大,土地利用后也具有较大的差异。土地利用后,3种植物的总C呈下降趋势,而N和P整体呈增加趋势,利用程度越高,增加越明显,但也受物种差异的影响。土壤与植物元素含量的相关关系在物种间具差异性,土壤与柽柳和花花柴两种植物营养之间相关性非常低。3种植物的N和P之间具有显著相关性。塔克拉玛干沙漠南缘区域植物普遍缺少N素,土地利用在一定程度上缓解这种N素缺乏。随着荒漠绿洲过渡带利用强度的变化,预计过渡带植被的化学计量将发生不同的改变。
The natural plants in a desert-oasis ecotone play an important role in protection of the ecological environment of the oasis.Understanding of how human activities like land use affect the natural plants is crucial for the evaluation of structure and function of the ecotone.Ecological stoichiometry is widely used in identification of nutrient deficiency and evaluation of ecosystem stability.Three species in the south region of the Taklimakan Desert,Tamarix ramosissima,Alhagi sparsifolia and Karelinia caspia were selected to study the effects of land use types and intensities on total carbon(C),nitrogen(N),phosphorus(P),C∶N,C∶P and N∶P of plant leaves.In this study,the average elemental content of the three species was 385.94 mg·g~(-1),13.62 mg·g~(-1),1.49 mg·g~(-1),30.33,294.01 and 9.69,respectively for C,N,P,C∶N,C∶P and N∶P.Compared to other communities in arid lands or in global scale terrestrial ecosystems,plant C and P contents were normal,while N content was lower than in other regions.The land use types,intensities and their interactions significantly affect most indicators.The plant C,N,P and their ratios were significantly different among different desert sites of the ecotone.The plant nutrient levels also differed after cultivation.For example,plant C usually decreased,while N and P increased after cultivation.The more intensive the cultivation activity,the greater the magnitude of N and P increase observed.The nutrient changes also depended on species.Correlation between soil nutrient and plant nutrient levels was not significant in T.ramosissima,and K.caspia,while plant N and P of the three species were closely correlated.Generally,plants collected from the southern region of the Taklimakan Desert were lacking N,but the deficiency was partially alleviated under certain land uses.Along with the changes in intensity of the land use in this region,we speculated that the plant stoichiometry would vary in different magnitudes.
The natural plants in a desert-oasis ecotone play an important role in protection of the ecological environment of the oasis.Understanding of how human activities like land use affect the natural plants is crucial for the evaluation of structure and function of the ecotone.Ecological stoichiometry is widely used in identification of nutrient deficiency and evaluation of ecosystem stability.Three species in the south region of the Taklimakan Desert,Tamarix ramosissima,Alhagi sparsifolia and Karelinia caspia were selected to study the effects of land use types and intensities on total carbon(C),nitrogen(N),phosphorus(P),C∶N,C∶P and N∶P of plant leaves.In this study,the average elemental content of the three species was 385.94 mg·g~(-1),13.62 mg·g~(-1),1.49 mg·g~(-1),30.33,294.01 and 9.69,respectively for C,N,P,C∶N,C∶P and N∶P.Compared to other communities in arid lands or in global scale terrestrial ecosystems,plant C and P contents were normal,while N content was lower than in other regions.The land use types,intensities and their interactions significantly affect most indicators.The plant C,N,P and their ratios were significantly different among different desert sites of the ecotone.The plant nutrient levels also differed after cultivation.For example,plant C usually decreased,while N and P increased after cultivation.The more intensive the cultivation activity,the greater the magnitude of N and P increase observed.The nutrient changes also depended on species.Correlation between soil nutrient and plant nutrient levels was not significant in T.ramosissima,and K.caspia,while plant N and P of the three species were closely correlated.Generally,plants collected from the southern region of the Taklimakan Desert were lacking N,but the deficiency was partially alleviated under certain land uses.Along with the changes in intensity of the land use in this region,we speculated that the plant stoichiometry would vary in different magnitudes.
引文
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