徐州废黄河断裂带对岩溶塌陷的控制作用
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摘要
徐州城区是岩溶塌陷地质灾害危害严重的区域,已发生的塌陷均展布在废黄河断裂带内,有明显的规律性,为断裂带地下水富集区过量抽水所造成。研究表明,废黄河断裂带内岩溶发育,发育有向上开口的溶洞和裂隙,断裂带沟通了不同时代的含水层,形成了地下水强径流带或富集带;地堑式断裂带构成的负地形形成了晚更新世和全新世古河道,古河道区域形成"单一透水型盖层"和"透-阻型盖层",使黄河泛滥沉积的砂性土直接覆盖在岩溶含水层上,为过量抽水发生岩溶塌陷提供了重要水动力条件。因此,废黄河断裂带及其伴生断裂控制了岩溶塌陷的形成条件,特别是岩溶发育强度、岩溶水文地质结构和地下水富集规律。
The urban area of Xuzhou has had serious karst collapse geological hazards which are widely distributed in the old Yellow River fault zone. There exists obvious regularity that the karst collapses are caused by excessive groundwater exploitation, and the fault zone is enriched with groundwater. The research shows that the karst is developed well in the old Yellow River fault zone and there are upward opening karst caves and fissure. The fault zone has linked up aquifers of different ages and thus has formed fierce runoff belt or enrichment belt of groundwater. The graben fault zone constituted negative landforms which formed the late Pleistocene and Holocene paleochannels. The paleochannels become"permeable-only covering layer"and"permeable-aquiclude covering layer"which made the sandy soil of the Yellow River flood sediments directly cover the karst aquifers. Then they provided important hydrodynamic conditions for the karst collapse which was caused by excessive groundwater exploitation. Therefore the extensional-shear fault zone and the accompanying fractures have controlled the formation conditions of karst collapses, especially karst development, karst hydrogeological structure and enrichment regularity of groundwater.
The urban area of Xuzhou has had serious karst collapse geological hazards which are widely distributed in the old Yellow River fault zone. There exists obvious regularity that the karst collapses are caused by excessive groundwater exploitation, and the fault zone is enriched with groundwater. The research shows that the karst is developed well in the old Yellow River fault zone and there are upward opening karst caves and fissure. The fault zone has linked up aquifers of different ages and thus has formed fierce runoff belt or enrichment belt of groundwater. The graben fault zone constituted negative landforms which formed the late Pleistocene and Holocene paleochannels. The paleochannels become"permeable-only covering layer"and"permeable-aquiclude covering layer"which made the sandy soil of the Yellow River flood sediments directly cover the karst aquifers. Then they provided important hydrodynamic conditions for the karst collapse which was caused by excessive groundwater exploitation. Therefore the extensional-shear fault zone and the accompanying fractures have controlled the formation conditions of karst collapses, especially karst development, karst hydrogeological structure and enrichment regularity of groundwater.
引文
Chen Ding,Zhang Jingfa,Zhu Lu,Jiang Wenliang,Lu Xiaocui,Liu Jianda,Li Limei,Zhang Peng.2011.Spatial distribution and activity of Xuzhou Fei Huanghe fault zone[J].Seismology and Geology,33(1):67-78(in Chinese with English abstract).
Feng Qiyan.1990.Arc structure and groundwater in Xuzhou area[J].Journal of China University of Mining&Technology,19(2):87-91(in Chinese with English abstract).
Han Baopinig,Zhou Donglai,Zhao Lin,Zhang Meng,Ma Qingyun.1994.Environmental geological problems during development of karst water in Xuzhou city[J].Carsologica Sinica,13(2):107-115(in Chinese with English abstract).
Han Baoping,Ma Jinrong,Pei Zongping,Yu Zhiwei.1996.Study on mechanism of darst collapses in Xuzhou city[J].Journal of ChinaNet University of Mining&Technology,25(3):33-37(in Chinese with English abstract).
Hua Xiuquan,Huang Jingjun,Wei Yongyao,Miao Shixian,Xu Shiyin,Jiang Su,Zhang Li.2015.Demand analysis and key problems of the urban geological survey in Xuzhou[J].Journal of Geology,39(2):322-328(in Chinese with English abstract).
Huang Jianmin,Deng Xiongwen.2015.The relationship between groundwater and ground collapse and land subsidence in Jinshazhou,Guangzhou City[J].Geology in China,42(1):300-308(in Chinese with English abstract).
HuMingyi,Fu Xiaoshu,Cai Quansheng,Yang Wei,Zhu Wenping.2014.Characteristics and genetic model of karst reservoirs of ordovician Yingshan-Yijianfang formation in Halahatang area,northern Tarim Basin[J].Geology in China,41(5):1476-1486(in Chinese with English abstract).
Jiang Yuehua,Lin Liangjun,Chen Lide,Ni Huayong,Ge Weiya,Cheng Hangxin,Zhai Gangyi,Wang Guiling,Ban Yizhong,Li Yuan,Lei Mingtang,Tan Chengxuan,Su Jingwen,Zhou Quanping,Zhang Taili,Li Yun,Liu Hongying,Peng Ke,Wang Hanmei.2017.Research on conditions of resources and environment and major geological problems in the Yangtze River Economic Zone[J].Geology in China,44(6):1045-1061(in Chinese with English abstract).
Li Houyao,Feng Qiyan.2003.Typical urban geological hazards in Jiangsu Province[J].China University of Mining and Technology,12(1):67-70(in Chinese with English abstract).
Lin Liangjun,Li Yamin,Ge Weiya,Hu Qiuyun,Li Xiaozhao,Li Yun,Meng Hui,Zhang Lizhong,Yang Jianfeng.2017.General ideas for urban geological survey in China and key theory and techniques[J].Geology in China,44(6):1086-1101(in Chinese with English abstract).
Wang Guiliang,Jiang Bo,Cao Daiyong,Zou Hai,Jin Weijun.1998.On the Xuzhou-Suzhou arcuate duplex-imbricate fan thrust system[J].Acta Geologica Sinica,72(3):228-236(in Chinese with English abstract).
Wei Yongyao,Sun Shulin,Huang Jingjun,Jiang Su,Miao Shixian.2015.Spatial-temporal distribution and causes of karst collapse in the Xuzhou area[J].Carsologica Sinica,34(1):52-57(in Chinese with English abstract).
Xiong Caixia,Liu Yixuan.2009.Relation of surface collapse and karst water exploitation in urban area of Xuzhou city[J].The Chinese Journal of Geological Hazard and Control,20(1):80-82(in Chinese with English abstract).
Xing Xue,Zhou Dan,Luo Yue.2015.Study on geological disasters of karst collapse in Xuzhou and its protection measures[J].The Chinese Journal of Geological Hazard and Control,25(4):51-58(in Chinese with English abstract).
Zhang Peng,Li Limei,Xu Hangang,Liu Jianda,Li Jinliang,Gu Qinping,Wang Jinyan,Jiang Xin.2014.Identification of fault activity in“urban active fault exploration and seismic risk assessment in Xuzhou city”[J].Technology for Earthquake Disaster Prevention,9(4):801-812(in Chinese with English abstract).
陈丁,张景发,朱鲁,姜文亮,路晓翠,刘建达,李丽梅,张鹏.2011.徐州废黄河断裂带的空间展布与活动性研究[J].地震地质,33(1):67-78.
冯启言.1990.徐州弧形构造与地下水[J].中国矿业大学学报,19(2):87-91.
韩宝平,周东来,赵林,张猛,马青云.1994.徐州市岩溶水开发过程中的环境地质问题[J].中国岩溶,13(2):107-115.
韩宝平,马金荣,裴宗平,余志伟.1996.徐州市区岩溶塌陷机理研究[J].中国矿业大学学报,25(3):33-37.
花修权,黄敬军,魏永耀,缪世贤,徐士银,姜素,张丽.2015.江苏徐州城市地质调查需求分析及关键问题[J].地质学刊,39(2):322-328.
黄建民,邓雄文,胡让全.2015.广州金沙洲岩溶区地下水位变化与地面塌陷及地面沉降关系探讨[J].中国地质,42(1):300-308.
胡明毅,付晓树,蔡全升,杨巍,朱文平.2014.塔北哈拉哈塘地区奥陶系鹰山组-间房组岩溶储层特征及成因模式[J].中国地质,41(5):1476-1486.
姜月华,林良俊,陈立德,倪化勇,葛伟亚,成杭新,翟刚毅,王贵玲,班宜忠,李媛,雷明堂,谭成轩,苏晶文,周权平,张泰丽,李云,刘红樱,彭柯,王寒梅.2017.长江经济带资源环境条件与重大地质问题[J].中国地质,44(6):1045-1061.
李后尧,冯启言.2003.江苏典型的城市地质灾害与防治[J].中国矿业,12(1):67-70.
林良俊,李亚民,葛伟亚,胡秋韵,李晓昭,李云,孟晖,张礼中,杨建锋.2017.中国城市地质调查总体构想与关键理论技术[J].中国地质,44(6):1086-1101.
王桂梁,姜波,曹代勇,邹海,金维浚.1998.徐州-宿州弧形双冲-叠瓦扇逆冲断层系统[J].地质学报,72(3):228-236.
魏永耀,孙树林,黄敬军,姜素,缪世贤.2015.徐州岩溶塌陷时空分布规律及成因分析[J].中国岩溶,34(1):52-57.
熊彩霞,刘沂轩.2009.徐州市区地面塌陷与岩溶水开采关系研究[J].中国地质灾害与防治学报,20(1):80-82.
邢雪,周丹,罗跃.2015.江苏徐州岩溶塌陷及其防治对策[J].中国地质灾害与防治学报,25(4):51-58.
张鹏,李丽梅,许汉刚,刘建达,李金良,顾勤平,王金艳,蒋新.2014.徐州活动断层探测项目主要断层活动性研究[J].震灾防御技术,9(4):801-812.
Feng Qiyan.1990.Arc structure and groundwater in Xuzhou area[J].Journal of China University of Mining&Technology,19(2):87-91(in Chinese with English abstract).
Han Baopinig,Zhou Donglai,Zhao Lin,Zhang Meng,Ma Qingyun.1994.Environmental geological problems during development of karst water in Xuzhou city[J].Carsologica Sinica,13(2):107-115(in Chinese with English abstract).
Han Baoping,Ma Jinrong,Pei Zongping,Yu Zhiwei.1996.Study on mechanism of darst collapses in Xuzhou city[J].Journal of ChinaNet University of Mining&Technology,25(3):33-37(in Chinese with English abstract).
Hua Xiuquan,Huang Jingjun,Wei Yongyao,Miao Shixian,Xu Shiyin,Jiang Su,Zhang Li.2015.Demand analysis and key problems of the urban geological survey in Xuzhou[J].Journal of Geology,39(2):322-328(in Chinese with English abstract).
Huang Jianmin,Deng Xiongwen.2015.The relationship between groundwater and ground collapse and land subsidence in Jinshazhou,Guangzhou City[J].Geology in China,42(1):300-308(in Chinese with English abstract).
HuMingyi,Fu Xiaoshu,Cai Quansheng,Yang Wei,Zhu Wenping.2014.Characteristics and genetic model of karst reservoirs of ordovician Yingshan-Yijianfang formation in Halahatang area,northern Tarim Basin[J].Geology in China,41(5):1476-1486(in Chinese with English abstract).
Jiang Yuehua,Lin Liangjun,Chen Lide,Ni Huayong,Ge Weiya,Cheng Hangxin,Zhai Gangyi,Wang Guiling,Ban Yizhong,Li Yuan,Lei Mingtang,Tan Chengxuan,Su Jingwen,Zhou Quanping,Zhang Taili,Li Yun,Liu Hongying,Peng Ke,Wang Hanmei.2017.Research on conditions of resources and environment and major geological problems in the Yangtze River Economic Zone[J].Geology in China,44(6):1045-1061(in Chinese with English abstract).
Li Houyao,Feng Qiyan.2003.Typical urban geological hazards in Jiangsu Province[J].China University of Mining and Technology,12(1):67-70(in Chinese with English abstract).
Lin Liangjun,Li Yamin,Ge Weiya,Hu Qiuyun,Li Xiaozhao,Li Yun,Meng Hui,Zhang Lizhong,Yang Jianfeng.2017.General ideas for urban geological survey in China and key theory and techniques[J].Geology in China,44(6):1086-1101(in Chinese with English abstract).
Wang Guiliang,Jiang Bo,Cao Daiyong,Zou Hai,Jin Weijun.1998.On the Xuzhou-Suzhou arcuate duplex-imbricate fan thrust system[J].Acta Geologica Sinica,72(3):228-236(in Chinese with English abstract).
Wei Yongyao,Sun Shulin,Huang Jingjun,Jiang Su,Miao Shixian.2015.Spatial-temporal distribution and causes of karst collapse in the Xuzhou area[J].Carsologica Sinica,34(1):52-57(in Chinese with English abstract).
Xiong Caixia,Liu Yixuan.2009.Relation of surface collapse and karst water exploitation in urban area of Xuzhou city[J].The Chinese Journal of Geological Hazard and Control,20(1):80-82(in Chinese with English abstract).
Xing Xue,Zhou Dan,Luo Yue.2015.Study on geological disasters of karst collapse in Xuzhou and its protection measures[J].The Chinese Journal of Geological Hazard and Control,25(4):51-58(in Chinese with English abstract).
Zhang Peng,Li Limei,Xu Hangang,Liu Jianda,Li Jinliang,Gu Qinping,Wang Jinyan,Jiang Xin.2014.Identification of fault activity in“urban active fault exploration and seismic risk assessment in Xuzhou city”[J].Technology for Earthquake Disaster Prevention,9(4):801-812(in Chinese with English abstract).
陈丁,张景发,朱鲁,姜文亮,路晓翠,刘建达,李丽梅,张鹏.2011.徐州废黄河断裂带的空间展布与活动性研究[J].地震地质,33(1):67-78.
冯启言.1990.徐州弧形构造与地下水[J].中国矿业大学学报,19(2):87-91.
韩宝平,周东来,赵林,张猛,马青云.1994.徐州市岩溶水开发过程中的环境地质问题[J].中国岩溶,13(2):107-115.
韩宝平,马金荣,裴宗平,余志伟.1996.徐州市区岩溶塌陷机理研究[J].中国矿业大学学报,25(3):33-37.
花修权,黄敬军,魏永耀,缪世贤,徐士银,姜素,张丽.2015.江苏徐州城市地质调查需求分析及关键问题[J].地质学刊,39(2):322-328.
黄建民,邓雄文,胡让全.2015.广州金沙洲岩溶区地下水位变化与地面塌陷及地面沉降关系探讨[J].中国地质,42(1):300-308.
胡明毅,付晓树,蔡全升,杨巍,朱文平.2014.塔北哈拉哈塘地区奥陶系鹰山组-间房组岩溶储层特征及成因模式[J].中国地质,41(5):1476-1486.
姜月华,林良俊,陈立德,倪化勇,葛伟亚,成杭新,翟刚毅,王贵玲,班宜忠,李媛,雷明堂,谭成轩,苏晶文,周权平,张泰丽,李云,刘红樱,彭柯,王寒梅.2017.长江经济带资源环境条件与重大地质问题[J].中国地质,44(6):1045-1061.
李后尧,冯启言.2003.江苏典型的城市地质灾害与防治[J].中国矿业,12(1):67-70.
林良俊,李亚民,葛伟亚,胡秋韵,李晓昭,李云,孟晖,张礼中,杨建锋.2017.中国城市地质调查总体构想与关键理论技术[J].中国地质,44(6):1086-1101.
王桂梁,姜波,曹代勇,邹海,金维浚.1998.徐州-宿州弧形双冲-叠瓦扇逆冲断层系统[J].地质学报,72(3):228-236.
魏永耀,孙树林,黄敬军,姜素,缪世贤.2015.徐州岩溶塌陷时空分布规律及成因分析[J].中国岩溶,34(1):52-57.
熊彩霞,刘沂轩.2009.徐州市区地面塌陷与岩溶水开采关系研究[J].中国地质灾害与防治学报,20(1):80-82.
邢雪,周丹,罗跃.2015.江苏徐州岩溶塌陷及其防治对策[J].中国地质灾害与防治学报,25(4):51-58.
张鹏,李丽梅,许汉刚,刘建达,李金良,顾勤平,王金艳,蒋新.2014.徐州活动断层探测项目主要断层活动性研究[J].震灾防御技术,9(4):801-812.