基于原型理论的图标特征识别与应用设计
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摘要
目的本文从原型理论的角度探讨自然形态与人工形态图标特征识别的认知心理规律与应用设计。方法采用认知心理实验的方法,分别将自然形态图标与人工形态图标特征识别的实验结果进行比对分析,并依据实验结果阐述图标特征识别的认知理据,并结合具体的图标案例探讨其应用设计的方法。结论在设计活动中,表现事物认知范畴中共同特征的自然形态图标和表现造物之初事物特征的人工形态图标特征识别强度最高,这两种类型的图标能够与隐蔽在长时记忆中的原型达到匹配,进而准确有效地完成图标特征识别的解码。
The work aims to discuss the rule and application design of cognitive psychology recognized by icon features in natural form and artificial form from the perspective of cognitive prototype. By using cognitive psychological experiment method, the experimental results of natural and artificial icon feature recognition were compared and analyzed. Based on the experimental results, the cognitive motivation of icon feature recognition was elaborated, and its application design method was discussed with specific icon cases. In the design activities, the natural form icon representing the common features in the cognitive category of things and the artificial form icon representing the features of things at the beginning of creation have the highest recognition intensity. These two types of icon can match the prototype hidden in long-term memory, and then decode icon features accurately and effectively
The work aims to discuss the rule and application design of cognitive psychology recognized by icon features in natural form and artificial form from the perspective of cognitive prototype. By using cognitive psychological experiment method, the experimental results of natural and artificial icon feature recognition were compared and analyzed. Based on the experimental results, the cognitive motivation of icon feature recognition was elaborated, and its application design method was discussed with specific icon cases. In the design activities, the natural form icon representing the common features in the cognitive category of things and the artificial form icon representing the features of things at the beginning of creation have the highest recognition intensity. These two types of icon can match the prototype hidden in long-term memory, and then decode icon features accurately and effectively
引文
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[2]库尔特·考夫卡.格式塔心理学原理[M].北京:北京大学出版社, 2010.KURT K. The Principle of Gestalt Psychology[M]. Beijing:Peking University Press, 2010.
[3]加洛蒂.认知心理学:认知科学与你的生活[M].北京:机械工业出版社, 2016.GARATLDY. Cognitive Psychology:Cognitive Science and Your Life[M].Beijing:MechanicalIndustry Press,2016.
[4]罗伯特·L·索尔所, M·金伯利·麦克林,奥托·H·麦克林.认知心理学[M].上海:上海人民出版社, 2008.ROBERT L S, M KIMBERLEY M, OTTO H M. Cognitive Psychology[M]. Shanghai:Shanghai People's Publishing House, 2008.
[5]何人可,王肖苑.基于原型特征提取的界面交互人格化设计研究[J].包装工程, 2017, 38(16):71—77.HERen-ke,WANGXiao-yuan.PersonificationDesign ofInteractionBasedonFeaturesExtractionofPrototype[J]. Packaging Engineering, 2017, 38(16):71—77.
[6]滕兆烜,金颂文,甄永亮.论手机图形用户界面中图标设计可视性[J].包装工程, 2013, 34(4):66—70.TENGZhao-xuan,JINSong-wen,ZHENYong-liang.TheVisibilityofIconinGraphicalUserInterfaceof Mobile Phones[J]. Packaging Engineering, 2013, 34(4):66—70.
[7]潘冬香.原型理论的认知心理学诠释[J].武汉理工大学学报(社会科学版), 2005(4):512—514.PANDong-xiang.CognitivePsychologicalInterpretation of Prototype Theory[J]. Journal of Wuhan UniversityofTechnology(SocialScienceEdition),2005(4):512—514.
[8]诺曼·唐纳德·A.设计心理学[M].北京:中信出版社, 2016.NORMANDA.TheDesignofEverydayThings[M].Beijing:China Citic Press, 2016.
[9]鲁晓波,刘月林.具身交互:基于日常技能而设计[J].装饰, 2013(3):96—97.LU Xiao-bo, LIU Yue-lin. Embodie Interaction:Design on Daily Awareness and Skills[J]. Zhuangshi, 2013(3):96—97.
[10]余晓宝.非物质社会中数字艺术设计的新趋势[J].装饰, 2006(7):17—18.YU Xiao-bao. The New Trend of Digital Art Design in the Non Material Society[J]. Zhuangshi, 2006(7):17—18.