高粱净光合速率的遗传分析
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摘要
为筛选净光合速率配合力较高的亲本,选育高光效的高粱杂交品种,选用3个高粱不育系和6个恢复系,采用不完全双列杂交法,组配18个杂交组合,在高粱抽穗期、开花期和灌浆期对亲本和杂交组合的净光合速率进行一般配合力(GCA)效应、特殊配合力(SCA)效应分析,并对高粱净光合速率与主要农艺性状和产量性状进行相关性遗传研究。结果表明,在高粱抽穗期、开花期和灌浆期不育系162273A净光合速率一般配合力均最高,其效应值分别为16.2706、9.7331和11.9907,3个不同时期净光合速率一般配合力最高的恢复系分别为16727、161011和161026,其效应值分别为10.6624、23.7309、18.0146。3个不同时期高粱净光合速率特殊配合力最高的组合分别为162273A×16878、162279A×161026和162279A×161026,其效应值分别为35.0123、19.9455和33.0046。3个不同时期高粱净光合速率加性方差与基因型方差比值较低,狭义遗传力也较低。相关性分析研究表明,灌浆期净光合速率与穗粒重、千粒重、籽粒产量、生物产量和收获指数均呈极显著正相关。
To select parental lines and sorghum hybrid with high net photosynthesis rate,18 crossing combinations were made by 3 sterile lines and 6 restorer lines with incomplete diallel cross method.The general combining ability(GCA)effect and special combining ability(SCA)effect of net photosynthesis rate on parental lines and crossing combination were analyzed at heading stage,anthesis stage and grain filling stage.Correlation analysis on net photosynthesis rate and main agronomic characters and yield were carried out.The results showed that the general combining ability of sterile line 162273A was the highest in net photosynthesis rate at heading stage,anthesis stage and grain filling stage,its relative effect value at these three stages was respectively 16.2706,9.7331 and 11.9907.The general combining ability of restorer line 16727,161011 and161026 was the highest in net photosynthesis rate at the three growth stage respectively,with the relative effect value as 10.6624,23.7309,and 18.0146.The special combining ability of crossing combination 162273A×16878,162279A×161026 and 162279A×161026 was the highest in net photosynthesis rate at the three growth stage respectively,with the relative effect value as 35.0123,19.9455 and 33.0046.The ratio of additive genetic variance to genotype variance was low and the narrow-sense heritability was also low at the three growth stages.Correlation analysis showed that net photosynthesis rate had extremely significant positive correlation with grain weight per spike,1000 grain weight,grain yield,biomass yield and the harvest index.
To select parental lines and sorghum hybrid with high net photosynthesis rate,18 crossing combinations were made by 3 sterile lines and 6 restorer lines with incomplete diallel cross method.The general combining ability(GCA)effect and special combining ability(SCA)effect of net photosynthesis rate on parental lines and crossing combination were analyzed at heading stage,anthesis stage and grain filling stage.Correlation analysis on net photosynthesis rate and main agronomic characters and yield were carried out.The results showed that the general combining ability of sterile line 162273A was the highest in net photosynthesis rate at heading stage,anthesis stage and grain filling stage,its relative effect value at these three stages was respectively 16.2706,9.7331 and 11.9907.The general combining ability of restorer line 16727,161011 and161026 was the highest in net photosynthesis rate at the three growth stage respectively,with the relative effect value as 10.6624,23.7309,and 18.0146.The special combining ability of crossing combination 162273A×16878,162279A×161026 and 162279A×161026 was the highest in net photosynthesis rate at the three growth stage respectively,with the relative effect value as 35.0123,19.9455 and 33.0046.The ratio of additive genetic variance to genotype variance was low and the narrow-sense heritability was also low at the three growth stages.Correlation analysis showed that net photosynthesis rate had extremely significant positive correlation with grain weight per spike,1000 grain weight,grain yield,biomass yield and the harvest index.
引文
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[19]倪先林,龙文靖,赵甘霖,等.糯高粱主要农艺性状配合力与杂种优势的关系[J].作物杂志,2016(5):50-55.
[20]王继师,刘祖昕,樊帆,等.24个甜高粱品种主要农艺性状与品质性状遗传多样性分析[J].中国农业大学学报,2012,17(6):83-91.
[21]赵婧,张福耀,詹鹏杰,等.高粱酿造品质性状配合力分析[J].中国农学通报,2011,27(33):44-47.
[22]张晓娟,周福平,张一中,等.糯高粱新选不育系品质性状配合力分析[J].农学学报,2013,3(6):4-7.
[23]段冰,柳青山,梁笃,等.饲用高粱品质性状配合力分析[J].作物杂志,2016(1):51-55.
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[25]唐启义,冯明光.实用统计分析及其DPS数据处理系统[M].北京:科学出版社,2002:256-259.
[2] Jiao D, Huang X, Li X, et al. Photosynthetic characteristics and tolerance to photo-oxidation of transgenic rice expressing C4photosynthesis enzymes[J]. Photosynthesis Research,2002,72(1):85-93.
[3]张玲,杨国涛,谢崇华,等.几个籼型杂交水稻光合特性的配合力研究[J].南京农业大学学报,2009,32(2):5-9.
[4]吕建林,陈如凯,张木清,等.甘蔗净光合速率、叶绿素和比叶重的季节变化及其关系[J].福建农业大学学报,1998,27(3):285-290.
[5]郑殿君,,张治安,姜丽艳,等.不同产量水平大豆叶片净光合速率的比较[J].东北农业大学学报,2010,41(9):1-5.
[6]童淑媛,杜震宇,徐洪文,等.不同株型玉米叶片净光合速率差异研究[J].2011,东北农业大学学报,42(4):42-47.
[7]邹学校,马艳青,刘荣云,等.辣椒净光合速率配合力分析[J].中国农业科学,2006,39(11):2300-2306.
[8]李卫青,万勇善,刘风珍,等.花生品种间净光合速率的配合力分析[J].华北农学报,2009,24(增刊):159-162.
[9] Fernandez M G S, Strand K, Hamblin M T, et al. Genetic analysis and phenotypic characterization of leaf photosynthetic capacity in a sorghum(Sorghum spp.)diversity panel[J]. Genetic Resources&Crop Evolution,2015,62(6):939-950.
[10] Peng S, Krieg D R, Girma F S. Leaf photosynthetic rate is correlated with biomass and grain production in grain sorghum lines[J]. Photosynthesis Research,1991,28(1):1-7.
[11] Peng S, Krieg D R. Gas Exchange Traits and Their Relationship to Water Use Efficiency of Grain Sorghum[J]. Crop Science,1992,32(2):386-391.
[12] Henderson S, Caemmerer S V, Farquhar G D, et al. Correlation between carbon isotope discrimination and transpiration efficiency in lines of the C4species Sorghum bicolor in the glasshouse and the field[J]. Australian Journal of Plant Physiology,1998,25(1):111-123.
[13]裴新澍.数量遗传与育种[M].上海:上海科学技术出版社,1987:456-500.
[14]高海燕,程庆军,田承华,等.新选高粱亲本系的配合力及遗传力分析[J].农学学报,2016,6(5):6-10
[15]李巍,王艳秋,邹剑秋,等.甜高粱亲本系主要农艺性状配合力分析[J].中国农业大学学报,2012,17(6):98-102.
[16]张阳,赵威军,张福耀,等.新选甜高粱不育系和恢复系的配合力分析[J].作物杂志,2010(5):102-104.
[17]尹学伟,王培华,张晓春,等.14个糯高粱亲本主要农艺性状配合力及遗传力分析[J].西南农业学,2014,27(4):1363-1368.
[18]龙文靖,胡炯凌,赵甘霖,等.高粱穗部主要性状的配合力分析[J].植物遗传资源学报,2017,18(5):867-873.
[19]倪先林,龙文靖,赵甘霖,等.糯高粱主要农艺性状配合力与杂种优势的关系[J].作物杂志,2016(5):50-55.
[20]王继师,刘祖昕,樊帆,等.24个甜高粱品种主要农艺性状与品质性状遗传多样性分析[J].中国农业大学学报,2012,17(6):83-91.
[21]赵婧,张福耀,詹鹏杰,等.高粱酿造品质性状配合力分析[J].中国农学通报,2011,27(33):44-47.
[22]张晓娟,周福平,张一中,等.糯高粱新选不育系品质性状配合力分析[J].农学学报,2013,3(6):4-7.
[23]段冰,柳青山,梁笃,等.饲用高粱品质性状配合力分析[J].作物杂志,2016(1):51-55.
[24]陆平.高粱种质资源描述规范和数据标准[M].北京:中国农业出版社,2006:5-18.
[25]唐启义,冯明光.实用统计分析及其DPS数据处理系统[M].北京:科学出版社,2002:256-259.