栽插密度对不同基因型水稻产量的影响
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摘要
为促进水稻高产优质栽培,采取随机区组设计进行垦稻26和龙粳31高产优质群体优化研究。结果表明:垦稻26以5苗·穴-1、行距30.0cm,株距12.6cm为最佳群体,产量高达11 481.0kg·hm-2,较对照增产4.4%;龙粳31以5苗·穴-1、行距28.5cm、株距13.3cm为最佳配置,产量达8 553.0kg·hm-2,较对照增产3.6%。因此,合理配置穴苗数和行株距是实现水稻高产优质最为快捷、最为经济有效的措施。
In order to promote high-yield and high-quality cultivation of rice,random block design was used to optimize the high-yield and high-quality population of Kendao 26 and Longjing 31.The results showed that the best rice population,Kendao 26,was planted in the configuration of 5 rice seedlings per hole,row spacing of30.0 cm,and plant spacing of 12.6 cm;its yield reached 11 481.0 kg·hm-2 and the yield rate was increased by4.4%in comparison with that of the control group.The best configuration was the one applied on Longjing 31,in which the rice population was sown in a manner of 5 rice seedlings per hole,row spacing of 28.5 cm,and plant spacing of 13.3 cm;its yield reached 8 553.0 kg·hm-2 and the yield rate was increased by 3.6%in comparison with that of the control group.Hence,the reasonable configuration of rice seedlings per hole,row spacing,and plant spacing is the fastest,the most economic,and the most effective measure to achieve high yield and high quality of rice.
In order to promote high-yield and high-quality cultivation of rice,random block design was used to optimize the high-yield and high-quality population of Kendao 26 and Longjing 31.The results showed that the best rice population,Kendao 26,was planted in the configuration of 5 rice seedlings per hole,row spacing of30.0 cm,and plant spacing of 12.6 cm;its yield reached 11 481.0 kg·hm-2 and the yield rate was increased by4.4%in comparison with that of the control group.The best configuration was the one applied on Longjing 31,in which the rice population was sown in a manner of 5 rice seedlings per hole,row spacing of 28.5 cm,and plant spacing of 13.3 cm;its yield reached 8 553.0 kg·hm-2 and the yield rate was increased by 3.6%in comparison with that of the control group.Hence,the reasonable configuration of rice seedlings per hole,row spacing,and plant spacing is the fastest,the most economic,and the most effective measure to achieve high yield and high quality of rice.
引文
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[2]蔡洪法.我国水稻生产现状与发展展望[J].中国稻米,2000(6):5-8.
[3]Wang Z Q,Zhang W Y,Sarah S B,et al.Grain yield:water and nitrogen use efficiencies of rice as influenced by irrigation regimes and their interaction with nitrogen rates[J].Field Crops Research,2016,193:54-69.
[4]成臣,曾勇军,王祺,等.施氮量对晚粳稻甬优1538产量、品质及氮素吸收利用的影响[J].水土保持学报,2018,32(5):222-228.
[5]褚春燕,王锦冬,孙桂玉,等.三江平原水稻发育中后期低温对水稻品质的影响[J].中国农学通报,2018,34(26):1-7.
[6]汪秀志,刘崇文,许谊强,等.行株距配置对寒地水稻产量与品质的影响[J].湖北农业科学,2013,52(4):758-762.
[7]金峰,王帅,邵玺文,等.株行距配置对吉林稻区水稻产量及群体微气象因子的影响[J].东北农业科学,2017,42(5):6-14.
[8]殷春渊,王书玉,刘贺梅,等.播量和施氮量对直播稻产量和品质的影响[J].中国农学通报,2018,34(20):1-6.
[9]郑桂萍,王升旭,苗得雨,等.三江地区主栽水稻品种高产群体优化研究[J].种子,2012,31(2):51-56.
[10]凌启鸿.作物群体质量[M].上海:上海科学技术出版社,2000:150-154.
[11]徐春梅,王丹英,邵国胜,等.施氮量和栽插密度对超高产水稻中早22产量和品质的影响[J].中国水稻科学,2008(5):507-512.