新型接触网腕臂绝缘子积污特性数值分析
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摘要
为解决兰新高铁达坂城盐湖风区接触网绝缘子大面积污闪问题,设计了新型接触网腕臂绝缘子,根据工频复数电磁场理论和计算流体力学理论,在COMSOL Multiphysics仿真平台上构建了电场─流场─粒子追踪场─流体和粒子相互作用的多物理场单相耦合的等比例绝缘子风洞积污仿真模型,以碰撞系数和分布系数为表征参数,分析了不同气流角度下绝缘子表面积污特性。结果表明:当气流角度从0°～±45°变化时,绝缘子表面碰撞系数随着粒径的增大而增大;同一粒径下,伞裙表面分布系数符合正"γ"形分布,杆径和金具表面分布系数符合倒"γ"分布;在电场强度转折点处加装超大伞裙的新型绝缘子,有效降低颗粒物在绝缘子表面的碰撞系数和碰撞质量,提高了防污能力,为极端恶劣环境下绝缘子选型提供了参考。
A new type of insulator for catenary cantilever is designed to solve the problem of large area pollution flashover over Lanzhou-Xinjiang high speed railway in the salt lake wind area of Dabancheng. According to the complex electromagnetic field theory and computational fluid dynamics theory, we developed a wind tunnel contaminated simulation model of equal proportion insulator based on the electric field, flow field, particle trace field, and the multi-physical field of interaction between fluid and particle single-phase coupling by using the COMSOL Multiphysics. Taking collision coefficient and distribution coefficient as characterization parameters, we analyzed the contamination characteristics of insulator under different air flow angles. The results show that the collision coefficient of the insulator surface increases with the increase of particle size, at the same particle size, the distribution coefficient of the sheds surface conforms to the normal "γ" distribution, and the distribution coefficient of stick and end fittings conforms to the inverted "γ" distribution when the air flow angle changes from 0° to ±45°. A new type of insulator with booster sheds is installed at the turning point of electric field strength, which can effectively reduce the collision coefficient and collision mass on the insulator surface, improve the anti-pollution ability, and provide a reference for insulator selection in extreme harsh environments.
A new type of insulator for catenary cantilever is designed to solve the problem of large area pollution flashover over Lanzhou-Xinjiang high speed railway in the salt lake wind area of Dabancheng. According to the complex electromagnetic field theory and computational fluid dynamics theory, we developed a wind tunnel contaminated simulation model of equal proportion insulator based on the electric field, flow field, particle trace field, and the multi-physical field of interaction between fluid and particle single-phase coupling by using the COMSOL Multiphysics. Taking collision coefficient and distribution coefficient as characterization parameters, we analyzed the contamination characteristics of insulator under different air flow angles. The results show that the collision coefficient of the insulator surface increases with the increase of particle size, at the same particle size, the distribution coefficient of the sheds surface conforms to the normal "γ" distribution, and the distribution coefficient of stick and end fittings conforms to the inverted "γ" distribution when the air flow angle changes from 0° to ±45°. A new type of insulator with booster sheds is installed at the turning point of electric field strength, which can effectively reduce the collision coefficient and collision mass on the insulator surface, improve the anti-pollution ability, and provide a reference for insulator selection in extreme harsh environments.
引文
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[16]王福军.计算流体动力学分析:CFD软件原理与应用[M].北京:清华大学出版社,2004:113-124.WANG Fujun.Analysis of computational fluid dynamics,the principle and application of CFD software[M].Beijing,China:Tsinghua University Press,2004:113-124.
[17]朱彦.兰新高速线动车组设计环境参数探讨[J].大连交通大学学报,2014,35(5):25-28.ZHU Yan.Research of environmental parameters on the EMU design of Lanzhou-Xinjiang high-speed railway[J].Journal of Dalian Jiaotong University,2014,35(5):25-28.
[18]屠幼萍,孙佑飞,彭庆军,等.雾霾环境下自然积污绝缘子的污秽颗粒粒径分布特性[J].高电压技术,2014,40(11):3318-3326.TU Youping,SUN Youfei,PENG Qingjun,et al.Particle size distribution characteristics of naturally polluted insulators under the fog-haze environment[J].High Voltage Engineering,2014,40(11):3318-3326.
[19]HINDS W C.Aerosol technology-properties,behavior,and measurement of airborne particles[M].New York,USA:John Wiley&Sons Inc.,1982.
[20]王晶,陈林华,刘宇,等.电场对复合绝缘子积污特性影响的探究[J].高电压技术,2011,37(3):585-593.WANG Jing,CHEN Linhua,LIU Yu,et al.Effect of the electric field on the contamination accumulation characteristic of the insulators[J].High Voltage Engineering,2011,37(3):585-593.
[21]江全元,晏鸣宇,周志宇,等.重覆冰地区超大伞裙结构复合绝缘子的仿真及优化设计[J].电网技术,2015,39(7):2064-2068.JIANG Quanyuan,YAN Mingyu,ZHOU Zhiyu,et al.Numerical simulations and optimal design of composite insulator with extra large sheds under heavy icing condition[J].Power System Technology,2015,39(7):2064-2068.
[22]律方成,刘宏宇,汪佛池,等.动车组支柱绝缘子伞裙不同部位积污特性的仿真研究[J].高压电器,2016,52(11):63-68.LüFangcheng,LIU Hongyu,WANG Fochi,et al.Simulation research on characteristic of contaminations on different parts of post insulator shed for EMU[J].High Voltage Apparatus,2016,52(11):63-68.
[2]杨帅,周文俊,李涵,等.±800 kV楚穗特高压直流线路复合绝缘子自然积污特性[J].高电压技术,2018,44(3):952-958.YANG Shuai,ZHOU Wenjun,LI Han,et al.Contamination deposited characteristics of polymeric insulator on±800 kV Chu-Sui UHVDCtransmission lines[J].High Voltage Engineering,2018,44(3):952-958.
[3]刘毓,蒋兴良,舒立春,等.复合绝缘子伞裙结构特征参数对其冰闪特性的影响[J].电工技术学报,2014,29(8):319-326.LIU Yu,JIANG Xingliang,SHU Lichun,et al.Influence of characterizing shed configuration parameters of composite insulators on icing flashover performance[J].Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society,2014,29(8):319-326.
[4]高嵩,张佰庆,崔艳东,等.长棒形瓷绝缘子交流污闪特性与污闪电压提高措施[J].高电压技术,2018,44(6):1891-1897.GAO Song,ZHANG Baiqing,CUI Yandong,et al.AC pollution flashover ferformance and anti-pollution precaution of porcelain long rod insulator[J].High Voltage Engineering,2018,44(6):1891-1897.
[5]杨志峰,刘少华,张海兵.电气化铁路接触网用新型腕臂绝缘子介绍[J].电力安全技术,2014,16(9):60-64.YANG Zhifeng,LIU Shaohua,ZHANG Haibing.Introduction of a new type insulator for Catenary Cantilever in the electrified railway[J].Power Safety Technology,2014,16(9):60-64.
[6]孙继星,吴广宁,陈维荣,等.强风环境下棒形绝缘子积污动态仿真分析[J].西南交通大学学报,2012,47(3):413-419.SUN Jixing,WU Guangning,CHEN Weirong,et al.Dynamic simulation analysis of bar insulator pollution in strong wind[J].Journal of Southwest Jiaotong University,2012,47(3):413-419
[7]孙继星,徐跃,胡学永,等.高速气流环境中电气化铁路绝缘子表面积污分布特性[J].高电压技术,2014,40(1):96-101.SUN Jixing,XU Yue,HU Xueyong,et al.Characteristics of pollution distribution on insulators nearby electrified railroad in high-speed aerosol[J].High Voltage Engineering,2014,40(1):96-101.
[8]王黎明,刘霆,梅红伟.基于计算流体力学的支柱绝缘子积污特性研究[J].高电压技术,2015,41(8):2742-2749.WANG Liming,LIU Ting,MEI Hongwei,et al.Research on contamination deposition characteristics of post insulator based on computational fluid dynamics[J].High Voltage Engineering,2015,41(8):2742-2749
[9]ZHANG Z,YOU J,ZHAO J,et al.Contamination characteristics of disc-suspension insulator of transmission line in wind tunnel[J].IETGeneration Transmission&Distribution,2017,11(6):1453-1460.
[10]张志劲,李星,舒生前,等.XWP2-70双伞型绝缘子表面污秽颗粒积聚特性[J].高电压技术,2014,40(11):3327-3335.ZHANG Zhijin,LI Xing,SHU Shengqian,et al.Characteristics of natural pollution accumulation of XWP2-70 insulators with double sheds[J].High Voltage Engineering,2014,40(11):3327-3335.
[11]吕玉坤,赵伟萍,庞广陆,等.典型伞型瓷及复合绝缘子积污特性模拟研究[J].电工技术学报,2018,33(1):209-216.LüYukun,ZHAO Weiping,PANG Guanglu,et al.Simulation of contamination deposition on typical shed porcelain and composite insulators[J].Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society,2018,33(1):209-216.
[12]张柳,巢亚锋,黄福勇,等.布置方式对染污绝缘子污闪电压影响综述[J].中国电力,2016,49(6):95-100.ZHANG Liu,CHAO Yafeng,HUANG Fuyong,et al.A review of researches on the influence of insulator configuration on pollution flashover voltage of polluted insulator[J].Electric Power,2016,49(6):95-100.
[13]污秽条件下使用的高压绝缘子的选择和尺寸确定第1部分:定义、信息和一般原则:GB/T 26218.1-2010[S].北京:中国标准出版社,2011.Selection and dimensioning of high-voltage insulators intended for use in polluted conditions part 1:Definitions,information and general principles:GB/T 26218.1-2010[S].Beijing:Standards Press of China,2011.
[14]电气化铁路接触网用绝缘子第2部分:棒形复合绝缘子:TB/T3199.2─2008[S].北京:中国铁道出版社,2008.Insulators for overhead contact system of electrified railways part 2:Long rod composite insulator:TB/T 3199.2─2008[S].Beijing:China Railway Press,2008:2-26.
[15]任昂,毕晓甜,秦丽伟,等.高压直流绝缘子积污特性数值模拟与预测[J].高电压技术,2017,43(5):1572-1580.REN Ang,BI Xiaotian,QIN Liwei,et al.Numerical simulation and prediction on pollution accumulation characteristics of HVDC insulator[J].High Voltage Engineering,2017,43(5):1572-1581.
[16]王福军.计算流体动力学分析:CFD软件原理与应用[M].北京:清华大学出版社,2004:113-124.WANG Fujun.Analysis of computational fluid dynamics,the principle and application of CFD software[M].Beijing,China:Tsinghua University Press,2004:113-124.
[17]朱彦.兰新高速线动车组设计环境参数探讨[J].大连交通大学学报,2014,35(5):25-28.ZHU Yan.Research of environmental parameters on the EMU design of Lanzhou-Xinjiang high-speed railway[J].Journal of Dalian Jiaotong University,2014,35(5):25-28.
[18]屠幼萍,孙佑飞,彭庆军,等.雾霾环境下自然积污绝缘子的污秽颗粒粒径分布特性[J].高电压技术,2014,40(11):3318-3326.TU Youping,SUN Youfei,PENG Qingjun,et al.Particle size distribution characteristics of naturally polluted insulators under the fog-haze environment[J].High Voltage Engineering,2014,40(11):3318-3326.
[19]HINDS W C.Aerosol technology-properties,behavior,and measurement of airborne particles[M].New York,USA:John Wiley&Sons Inc.,1982.
[20]王晶,陈林华,刘宇,等.电场对复合绝缘子积污特性影响的探究[J].高电压技术,2011,37(3):585-593.WANG Jing,CHEN Linhua,LIU Yu,et al.Effect of the electric field on the contamination accumulation characteristic of the insulators[J].High Voltage Engineering,2011,37(3):585-593.
[21]江全元,晏鸣宇,周志宇,等.重覆冰地区超大伞裙结构复合绝缘子的仿真及优化设计[J].电网技术,2015,39(7):2064-2068.JIANG Quanyuan,YAN Mingyu,ZHOU Zhiyu,et al.Numerical simulations and optimal design of composite insulator with extra large sheds under heavy icing condition[J].Power System Technology,2015,39(7):2064-2068.
[22]律方成,刘宏宇,汪佛池,等.动车组支柱绝缘子伞裙不同部位积污特性的仿真研究[J].高压电器,2016,52(11):63-68.LüFangcheng,LIU Hongyu,WANG Fochi,et al.Simulation research on characteristic of contaminations on different parts of post insulator shed for EMU[J].High Voltage Apparatus,2016,52(11):63-68.