光滑导线直流起晕电压判别方法对比分析
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摘要
直流电晕放电会产生空间电荷、离子流场、无线电干扰、可听噪声及电晕损耗等效应,为了研究根据不同的直流电晕放电效应得到的起晕电压差异,搭建了基于同轴圆柱结构的电晕放电起晕电压测试平台,同时测量了不同直径光滑导线电晕放电产生的离子流、合成电场、稳态电晕电流及紫外光子数随电压的变化关系,依据各物理量随电压变化的拐点确定了正、负极性光滑导线的起晕电压。实验结果表明,对于光滑导线,通过不同电晕放电效应借助于拐点法得到的起晕电压基本一致。根据同轴圆柱离子流场的解析公式及起晕场强的经验公式,对导线的起晕电压进行了计算,不同直径的起晕电压的计算结果与测量结果基本一致,最大差异<2.1%。因此,对于实验室内光滑导线起晕电压的确定,建议采用同轴圆柱电极结构对电晕放电效应进行测量,推荐采用拐点法来确定起晕电压。
The multiple corona effects, such as space charges, ionized field, radio interference, audible noise and corona losses, etc, can be generated along with the corona discharge. In order to investigate the differences of corona onset voltages generated by different corona effects, a platform using the cylinder corona cage for determining the corona onset voltage was set up. The ion current densities, ionized fields, steady corona current, and ultraviolet photons from smooth conductors with different diameters were measured simultaneously in the experiments. Comparisons of the corona onset voltages from different corona effects are given through the inflexion-point method. Besides, numerical simulations for the corona onset voltage are also presented on the basis of the analytical formulas for ionized field of cylinder structure and the empirical formulas for onset electric field. The calculated results of the corona onset voltages for different conductors can match the measured ones, and the maximum error is less than 2.1%. Therefore, we proposed to use the cylinder corona cage to measure the multiple corona effects and to use the inflexion-point method to determine the corona onset voltage for the smooth conductor.
The multiple corona effects, such as space charges, ionized field, radio interference, audible noise and corona losses, etc, can be generated along with the corona discharge. In order to investigate the differences of corona onset voltages generated by different corona effects, a platform using the cylinder corona cage for determining the corona onset voltage was set up. The ion current densities, ionized fields, steady corona current, and ultraviolet photons from smooth conductors with different diameters were measured simultaneously in the experiments. Comparisons of the corona onset voltages from different corona effects are given through the inflexion-point method. Besides, numerical simulations for the corona onset voltage are also presented on the basis of the analytical formulas for ionized field of cylinder structure and the empirical formulas for onset electric field. The calculated results of the corona onset voltages for different conductors can match the measured ones, and the maximum error is less than 2.1%. Therefore, we proposed to use the cylinder corona cage to measure the multiple corona effects and to use the inflexion-point method to determine the corona onset voltage for the smooth conductor.
引文
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[2]谢辉春,崔翔,路遥,等.特高压同塔双回交流输电线路绝缘子串长优化后的线路可听噪声试验[J].高电压技术,2016,42(5):1659-1666.XIE Huichun,CUI Xiang,LU Yao,et al.Corona audible noise experiment of UHV AC double-circuit line with optimization of insulator string length[J].High Voltage Engineering,2016,42(5):1659-1666.
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[18]张静岚,符瑜科,卢铁兵,等.交直流复合电压下棒-板电极起晕电压实验分析[J].电工技术学报,2017,32(4):180-188.ZHANG Jinglan,FU Yuke,LU Tiebing,et al.Experimental analysis on corona inception voltage of rod-plane air gaps under DC and ACcomposite voltage[J].Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society,2017,32(4):180-188.
[19]齐磊,张静岚,符瑜科,等.交直流复合电压下的稍不均匀场高压电极起晕特性[J].高电压技术,2017,43(9):2991-2997.QI Lei,ZHANG Jinglan,FU Yuke,et al.Corona onset characteristics for electrodes of slightly non-uniform electric field under composite AC-DC voltage[J].High Voltage Engineering,2017,43(9):2991-2997.
[20]金硕,阮江军,朱琳,等.基于臭氧检测法的电晕起始电压测量方法[J].高电压技术,2017,43(12):4020-4025.JIN Shuo,RUAN Jiangjun,ZHU Lin,et al.Measurement method of corona onset voltage based on ozone detection technology[J].High Voltage Engineering,2017,43(12):4020-4025.
[21]LI X B,CUI X,LU T B,et al.A platform for multiple DC corona effects measurements and analysis[C]∥2015 IEEE International Instrumentation and Measurement Technology Conference.Pisa,Italy:IEEE,2015:181-186.
[22]祝艺嘉.圆柱电极下颗粒物对直流导线合成电场影响的实验研究[D].北京:华北电力大学,2017:6-11.ZHU Yijia.The impact of aerosols on the ionized field of HVDC conductors in a cylindrical corona cage[D].Beijing,China:North China Electric Power University,2017:6-11.
[2]谢辉春,崔翔,路遥,等.特高压同塔双回交流输电线路绝缘子串长优化后的线路可听噪声试验[J].高电压技术,2016,42(5):1659-1666.XIE Huichun,CUI Xiang,LU Yao,et al.Corona audible noise experiment of UHV AC double-circuit line with optimization of insulator string length[J].High Voltage Engineering,2016,42(5):1659-1666.
[3]LI X B,CUI X,LU T B,et al.Experimental investigation on correlation of corona-induced vibration and audible noise from DCconductor[J].High Voltage,2016,1(3):115-121.
[4]王东来,卢铁兵,陈博,等.±1 100 k V特高压直流输电线路邻近树木时合成电场建模计算与特性研究[J].电网技术,2017,41(11):3441-3447.WANG Donglai,LU Tiebing,CHEN Bo,et al.Modelling and characteristic research of total electric field around trees near±1 100 k VUHVDC transmission lines[J].Power System Technology,2017,41(11):3441-3447.
[5]PEEK F W.Dielectric phenomena in high voltage engineering[M].New York,USA:McGraw-Hill,1929:48-56.
[6]HARTMANN G.Theoretical evaluation of Peek’s law[J].IEEETransactions on Industry Applications,1984,20(6):1647-1651.
[7]LOWKE J J,ALESSANDRO F D.Onset corona fields and electrical breakdown criteria[J].Journal of Physics D:Applied Physics,2003,36(21):2673-2682.
[8]ABOU-SEADA M S,NASSER E.Digital computer calculation of the electric potential and field of a rod gap[J].Proceedings of the IEEE,1968,56(5):813-820.
[9]LU T B,XIONG G L,CUI X,et al.Analysis of corona onset electric field considering the effect of space charges[J].IEEE Transactions on Magnetics,2011,47(5):1390-1393.
[10]范建斌,李中新,谷琛,等.直流电压下导线起晕电压计算方法[J].电工技术学报,2008,23(10):100-105.FAN Jianbin,LI Zhongxin,GU Chen,et al.Calculation method for DC onset corona voltage[J].Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society,2008,23(10):100-105
[11]BIAN X M,WANG L M,Macalpine J M K,et al.Positive corona inception voltages and corona currents for air at various pressures and humidities[J].IEEE Transactions on Dielectrics and Electrical Insulation,2010,17(1):63-70.
[12]ZHENG Y S,ZHANF B,HE J L.Onset conditions for positive direct current corona discharges in air under the action of photoionization[J].Physics of Plasmas,2011,18(12):1235031-6.
[13]CHEN L,MACALPINE J M K,BIAN X M,et al.Comparison of methods for determining corona inception voltages of transmission line conductors[J].Journal of Electrostatics,2013,71(3):269-275.
[14]邹志龙,崔翔,卢铁兵.基于抽气式电荷仪的高压直流导线下方空间电荷密度测量[J].高电压技术,2016,42(9):2962-2967.ZOU Zhilong,CUI Xiang,LU Tiebing.Measurements of space charge density under HVDC conductor based on aspirator-type charge meter[J].High Voltage Engineering,2016,42(9):2962-2967.
[15]赵宇明,麻敏华,楚金伟,等.电晕笼中直流导线起晕电压的测量方法[J].高电压技术,2008,34(8):1567-1572.ZHAO Yuming,MA Minhua,CHU Jinwei,et al.Measurement methods for DC conductor corona onset voltage in the corona cage[J].High Voltage Engineering,2008,34(8):1567-1572.
[16]周象贤,卢铁兵,崔翔,等.基于有限元与有限体积法的直流输电线路合成电场计算方法[J].中国电机工程学报,2011,31(15):127-133.ZHOU Xiangxian,LU Tiebing,CUI Xiang,et al.A hybrid method for the simulation of ion flow field of HVDC transmission lines based on finite element method and finite volume method[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2011,31(15):127-133.
[17]怡勇,张楚岩,陈正颖,等.表面涂层导线正极性电晕起始电压的计算与实验研究[J].中国电机工程学报,2016,36(3):853-860.YI Yong,ZHANG Chuyan,CHEN Zhengying,et al.Numerical calculation and experimental study of positive onset voltage of coated conductors[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2016,36(3):853-860.
[18]张静岚,符瑜科,卢铁兵,等.交直流复合电压下棒-板电极起晕电压实验分析[J].电工技术学报,2017,32(4):180-188.ZHANG Jinglan,FU Yuke,LU Tiebing,et al.Experimental analysis on corona inception voltage of rod-plane air gaps under DC and ACcomposite voltage[J].Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society,2017,32(4):180-188.
[19]齐磊,张静岚,符瑜科,等.交直流复合电压下的稍不均匀场高压电极起晕特性[J].高电压技术,2017,43(9):2991-2997.QI Lei,ZHANG Jinglan,FU Yuke,et al.Corona onset characteristics for electrodes of slightly non-uniform electric field under composite AC-DC voltage[J].High Voltage Engineering,2017,43(9):2991-2997.
[20]金硕,阮江军,朱琳,等.基于臭氧检测法的电晕起始电压测量方法[J].高电压技术,2017,43(12):4020-4025.JIN Shuo,RUAN Jiangjun,ZHU Lin,et al.Measurement method of corona onset voltage based on ozone detection technology[J].High Voltage Engineering,2017,43(12):4020-4025.
[21]LI X B,CUI X,LU T B,et al.A platform for multiple DC corona effects measurements and analysis[C]∥2015 IEEE International Instrumentation and Measurement Technology Conference.Pisa,Italy:IEEE,2015:181-186.
[22]祝艺嘉.圆柱电极下颗粒物对直流导线合成电场影响的实验研究[D].北京:华北电力大学,2017:6-11.ZHU Yijia.The impact of aerosols on the ionized field of HVDC conductors in a cylindrical corona cage[D].Beijing,China:North China Electric Power University,2017:6-11.